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06/21/2011 07 Maple Street Incinerator Nomination to the Yakima Register of Historic Places
BUSINESS OF THE CITY COUNCIL YAKIMA, WASHINGTON . AGENDA STATEMENT Item No. For Meeting of June 21, 2011 ITEM TITLE: Public Hearing to consider the City of Yakima Maple Street Incinerator Nomination to the Yakima Register of Historic Places SUBMITTED BY: Joan Davenport, Acting Director of Community and Economic Development CONTACT PERSON /TELEPHONE: Vaughn McBride, Associate Planner (576 -6315) SUMMARY EXPLANATION: This is a public hearing to consider the City of Yakima Maple Street Incinerator Nomination to the Yakima Register of Historic Places. The Maple Street Incinerator nomination satisfies the designation criteria (1, 2 and 4) for placement on the Yakima Historic Register. The structure embodies the distinctive architectural characteristics of a method of design; exemplifies Yakima's political history and is associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of local history. Included is material submitted by Maud Scott to be considered as 'important background information' to the formal nomination. The designation would enhance the City's attraction to tourists and visitors; and the use of the historic structure for the education, stimulation, and welfare of the people would be promoted; and the continued economic viability of 0 the building would be preserved for future generations. On January 26, 2011 the Historic Preservation Commission issued a written recommendation for approval of this nomination. Resolution Ordinance Contract Other (Specify) Historic Preservation Commission recommendation Funding Source APPROVED FOR SUBMITTAL: - City Manager • STAFF RECOMMENDATION: Receive testimony and direct legal staff to prepare implementation documents as necessary. BOARD /COMMISSION /COMMITTEE RECOMMENDATION: Historic Preservation Commission recommended approval of the nomination to the Yakima Register of Historic Places on January 26, 2011. COUNCIL ACTION: III • 0 i7::1- FOR OFFICE USE ONLY 4, .� f ill 8;� , ) ,I Yakima Register of Historic Places Received ,`' s., Nom ination Form Type all entries 1. Name of Property Historic: Maple Street Incinerator And /or common: Yakima Incinerator 2. Location Street and number: Maple St and Fair Avenue (in vicinity of 317 Fair Avenue) City: Yakima State: WA Zip: 98901 3. Classification . Category Ownership Status Present Use District " X Public Occupied Agriculture Museum Building(s) Private X Unoccupied Commercial X Park X Structure Both Work in progress Educational Residential Site Public Acquisition Accessible Entertainment Religious Object In process X Yes: restricted X Government Scientific Being considered Yes: unrestricted industrial Transportation 0 No Military .Other 4. Owner of Property Name: City of Yakima Street and number: 129 N. 2 " Street City: Yakima State: WA Zip: 98901 Telephone (509) 575 -6000 Email . 5. Physical Description Condition . Check one Check one Excellent Deteriorated. X Unaltered X Original site X Good Ruins Altered . Moved Date Fair Unexposed Narrative description of the present and original physical appearance is found on one or more continuation sheets. 411 6: Significance Year Built 1936 Builder /Architect Pittsburg -Des Moines Incinerator Company Significant under Criterion 1:, is associated with the programs and projects of the New Deal under Franklin Delano Roosevelt; Criterion 2: embodies the distinctive architectural characteristics of a method of design; and, Criterion 4: exemplifies Yakima's political history. Narrative description of the history and significance of the property to Yakima's heritage is found on one or more continuation sheets: 7. Major Bibliographical References, Bibliography is found on one or more: continuation sheets. 8. Additional Documentation Maps and photographs are attached. 9. Geographical Data Verbal Boundary Description: Located in the vicinity 317 Fair Avenue, Yakima. The structure is located in the SW portion of the original 10 - acre tract, approximately 375 feet east of Fair Avenue and 400 NE of the intersection of Fair Avenue and Maple Street. Legal Description: Located in the SW corner of the original 10 -acre tract within parcel # 191320- 23030, which is within Parcel A, also known as "the East 300 feet of the South 396 feet of the SW % of the NW 1 /4 of Section 20, Township 13 North, Range 19 E.W.M., EXCEPT the South 39 feet for street. Also the West 475 feet of the SE'/ of the NW '/ of Section 20, Township 13 North, Range 19, E.W.M. EXCEPT the South 30 feet for street. Tax Parcel Number: 191320 -23030 Plat Name: Block: Lot(s) 10. Form Prepared By Name/Title: Nancy Kenmotsu, Ph.D. _ Organization: Yakima Historic Preservation Commission Date: February 12, 2011 Street and number: 129 N Second Street Telephone: (509) 965 -3020 City or town: Yakima State: WA Zip :. 98901 Email: nkenmotsu @geo- marine.com Name /Title: Maud Scott, SENIC agent Organization: South East Neighborhood. Improvement Date: February 12, 2011 Committee (SENIC) Street and number: 309 Union Street Telephone: (509) 457 -1060 City or town: Yakima State: WA Zip 98901 Email: senicyakima @gmail.com 11. Signature of Property Owner 4110 • 5. Physical Description. The only items covered by this nomination are the incinerator building, its two ramps, and the associated. chimney. No other part of Kiwanis Park is part of this nomination. The Maple Street Incinerator is a rectangular, two -story structure built into a natural bench formation near the southwestern corner of what was originally a 10 -acre tract bounded on the west by FairAvenue and on the south by Maple Street. The natural bench is . actually part of the terrace system for the. Yakima River, a braided river whose modern course lies some 0.75 miles east of the structure (Figures 1 -3). The placement of the incinerator at this location within the tract was a deliberate choice as the intent was to dispose of the ash from the incinerator in the lower portions of the tract (i.e., the former flood plain of the river) that lay to the east of the structure (Yakima Daily Republic 1935d). The west side of the structure, where the furnace was placed, was built into the terrace as was the chimney; the remainder of the incinerator was built on the lower ground surface. An approximately 100 -foot high concrete smokestack is attached at the foundation of the structure's west wall. The structure itself was constructed using red brick with a reddish /orange tiled roof (Figure 4). The plant was constructed as a two -level American bond - patterned red brick structure. The American bond pattern consists of a row of brick "headers" (bricks laid with their narrow ends to the exterior) followed by five rows of bricks laid parallel to the surface of the wall. This pattern, a structurally strong pattern often used in 19 and 20 century structures and buildings, was employed throughout the incinerator. The incinerator measures 38 feet east -west by 35 feet north - south, and is approximately 20 feet tall (see Figure 2). The gabled roof has a low pitch and consists of metal covered by Spanish tile. The gable ends have high parapets that follow the roof slope but tum horizontal several feet before reaching each corner, giving the structure a simple, appealing facade (Figure 5). The parapets are also of the same red brick used in the remainder of the structure. Wide bands of brickwork in relief set out along the vertical center, edges, and corners of the building outline the east face of the building. Brickwork in relief emphasizes the roofline� in the same manner, with three courses of detailing around the gable and the wide horizontal brick header above two large sets of windows. The ground floor, from where the ash was removed, has an industrial -sized double door to serve as a loading dock and double utilitarian doors for human entry. Only one facade of the ground floor (the eastern one) is fully visible (Figure 6). The north and south walls of the ground floor are mostly blocked by the dirt .entry ramps leading to the center metal drawstring doors where garbage was delivered for incineration (see Figure 4). Like the remainder of the structure, these, ramps remain largely as originally built. They were buttressed by large, dry-laid river rocks. The side walls of the final approximately 10 feet of the ramp was reinforced with mortared cement blocks that were also used in construction of the structure's foundation. These ramps are 75 feet (north ramp) and 90 feet long (south ramp); they each gradually rise to meet the metal doors. While operating details of the incinerator were not found, it is likely that the trucks entered from one ramp, drove into the second story to discharge their loads, and, once emptied, drove out on the opposite ramp. The second story of the structure was the primary work area where garbage was delivered and placed into the furnace. All four walls of this level each have two rectangular windows. All windows are multi -paned and have sturdy, utilitarian steel frames. The second and third rows of windows tilt on pivots to allow natural airflow. The front or east face of the building has the largest surface of windows, with two twenty- paned sections adjacent to one another (with a total of 40 glass panes.) on either side of the protruding center column brickwork for a total of 80 glass panes on the upper story. The upper and lower sills of the windows were made of brick placed in a perpendicular fashion to add detail to the structure (see Figure 7). On the lower level of the eastern half of the structure, between the brickwork columns on the north and south ends of the incinerator and the entry and exit ramps, are two windows that are presently boarded over. The width of the area matches that of the upper floor windows above them, but they are four rather than five rows high due to the closeness to the foundation of the structure. These windows are otherwise of the same design and materials`but with only 16 panes. • • Adjacent to the west wall of the incinerator is an approximately 100 -foot tall chimney (Figure 8). It was • constructed of cement with steel reinforcing rods and was built by the Rust Engineering Company of Pittsburg (Figure 9), using Edgar Boyd Kay's patented °smokeless incinerator" design. Their name is on the door at the base of the chimney. That company operated out of the same city as the Pittsburg Des Moines Steel Company from 1905 to ca. 1995; by 2006 it had become part of the Washington Group, one of the largest construction and engineering firms in the country (Rust 1940). The Rust Engineering Company, in addition to providing the furnace for the Maple. Street Incinerator, also constructed many industrial chimneys or smoke stacks across the country. The tapering walls of the chimney in the Maple Street Incinerator and the details at the top of the chimney match closely details of chimneys shown in a • collection of images from the Rust Engineering Company at the Historic Pittsburg Image Collection at the • University of Pittsburg. The design consists of two linear bands encircling the, tower and situated above and below equilateral triangles imprinted in the concrete. The triangles in the design are also part of the Rust Engineering logo that is seen in the details on the cast metal door affixed to the base of the' • smokestack (see. Figure 9). As well, the introduction to that collection states that the Rust Engineering Company specialized in the design and construction of equipment and structures for heavy industry and • was a leading builder of industrial chimneys and furnaces in the 20 century. The Yakima Incinerator chimney measures eight feet in diameter at ground level, tapering to ca. 6 feet at its highest point (based on visual estimates).. A series of metal rungs, used to inspect the structure, were placed along the north side of the chimney from the ground to the top. • The Maple Street Incinerator ceased to function in 1942 (Yakima Daily Republic 1949), a short six years after it was constructed. For a sustained period, the plant was used for storage. During this time most incineration equipment was. removed. At the completion of construction of the incinerator in 1936, the City of Yakima was given a bronze plaque. The plaque was discovered in 2007 stored in the warehouse of Yakima Public Works. The plaque is approximately two -feet by 2.5 -feet in size and bears the words: 0 CITY OF YAKIMA MAPLE STREET INCINERATOR Erected A. D. 1936 . Harry C. Temple, Mayor . Ray Washburn, Commissioner - Finance Geo. W. Clark, Commissioner— Public Works Pittsburgh -Des Moines Steel Co • General Contractor Although incineration ceased over 50 years ago, few changes have been made to the structure. Some of the boulders used along the sides of each ramp have been removed. Some-window panes are broken and need to be repaired; all are grated on their interior prevent vandalism of the structure's interior. Most of the brick has been painted a variety of colors, and a few of the lower metal rungs on the chimney were . removed to prevent people from climbing to the top. In all other respects the structure and its ramps and chimney remain in tact. As noted, when the incinerator ceased operation. before 1952, the 10 -acre tract including the structure were quit claim deeded to the Yakima Kiwanis Club. The property at the east end of Maple Street had long been a park; it was designated as Sumach Park by William Steinweg its builder (who may have created or expanded the existing ponds in Kiwanis •Park) and "provided welcome relief from summer heat for those families unable to make the long trek to Soda Springs" (Martin et al. 1985:69). The Kiwanis Club made the property into a park for all residents, and the property has been designated as Kiwanis Park since that time (Yakima. Republic 1957). In 1954, the Kiwanis Club signed a Warranty Deed granting ownership of the property to the Metropolitan Park District of Yakima (Record No 19563). In 1969, the Park District was dissolved. Shortly before its dissolution, it granted a quit claim deed for the Park District's assets, including this structure and park; to the City of Yakima (Record 2209208). In the years . since the incinerator : ceased operations, the Kiwanis Club and the City have purchased or been given funds to acquire additional acreage for the park, and to make improvements such as picnic shelters, paved • parking, ball fields, and, most recently, a skate park that is immediately west of the incinerator (Yakima Herald Republic 2003; Yakima Republic 1957). Surrounded by these improvements, the structure today currently used to store lawn mowers and Yakima Parks and Recreation equipment. It is worth noting that during the various transfers or additions to Kiwanis Park, decisions have always included the retention of the Maple Street Incinerator. Consideration of removal of the structure was made in 2007 during planning of the skate park. However, that would have resulted in additional environmental review for possible contaminants or carcinogens at the site. As part of the 2007 review for the skate park, the Maple Street Incinerator was determined eligible for listing on the National Register by the Department of Archaeology and Historic Preservation (draft May 4, 2007 letter by Dick Zais on file at the Yakima Parks and Recreation Department). 6. Significance. Yakima's Maple Street Incinerator is an industrial structure that represents a fine example of municipal efforts to improve community health and sanitation with then state -of- the -art technology and remove a hazardous and visibly unattractive open landfill that was polluting the Yakima River. It was constructed in 1936 on 10 -acres purchased for this specific project by the City of Yakima at the height of the Great Depression using President Franklin Delano Roosevelt's New Deal Federal Emergency Relief Administration's programs to fund materials and manpower. The property is eligible for designation in the Yakima Register of Historic Places under criteria 1, 2, and 4 as set forth in 11.62.065 of Ordinance No. 2005 -02. The period of significance for the Maple Street Incinerator is 1935, the year when it was built, to 1951 the year when the city made decisions to quit claim deed the property to the Kiwanis Club to renovate the surrounding land into a large park. Criterion 1 states that the property is associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of national, state, or local history. In the mid- 1930s, the Great Depression was in ful force. Money for infrastructure repair and expansion was scarce for municipalities. The Great Depression and Dust Bowl sent destitute families to Yakima in search of work. Small homes and infrastructure were needed to house the struggling newcomers and families arriving in Yakima. Jobs were needed to support families. Roosevelt's New Deal Projects —the Project Works Administration (PWA) and the Works Progress Administration (WPA) —gave Yakima the financial backing for infrastructure projects to employe men on the relief roles. The Yakima Maple Street Incinerator is a project of the New Deal. In the 1910 census, Yakima had a population of 14,082. By 1920, the figure had grown to 18,539. During the decade after World War I, Yakima had established itself as the largest city in central Washingtion. Agriculture and associated warehouses and canneries were the principle industry. The 1930 census reported the city with a population of 22,100. Another 5,000 people were densely settled in surrounding unincorporated areas, making a population of ca. 30,000. The peace and prosperity of the decade following victory in World War I had been shattered at home in October 1929 when the stock market crashed. Banks and small businesses failed; factories closed. One quarter of all workers were unemployed. An estimated 12 to 15 million people were unemployed at the height of the Great Depression. Foreclosures on homes, businesses, family farms, and farmland became common (World Book Encyclopedia 1988). This period was marked by a struggle for life in America's midsection. Years of poor farming practices on grasslands, combined with dramatic climatic changes, created the "Dust Bowl." Faming families and communities from the Dakotas to Texas, Oklahoma, and New Mexico saw once productive land turn fallow, their fortunes and health destroyed, as topsoil blew away in gigantic dust storms around them. Transition from the decade of the "Roaring Twenties: to the :Dirty: Thirties" was a financial and emotional roller coaster ride. Americans lost more than their fortunes and property. They lost hope, and were losing faith in our government: In 1932, President Herbert Hoover's opponent, Roosevelt, successfully campaigned on the promise of "a new deal for the American people." Following his inauguration in March 1933, President Roosevelt called Congress into a special session known as The One Hundred Days. Legislation enacted during that session reformed financial institutions • and business practices. Programs were created to help the needy get back to work. For example, Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) provided housing, training, and jobs in conservation and reforestation for needy young men across the nation. The PWA created large numbers' of jobs: for people, ' building new roads, irrigation canals, schools, parks, courthouses, bridges, etc. During the Second One Hundred Days, Congress approved the WPA to provide employment to those on relief rools building public facilities (World Book Encyclopedia_1988). "Nationwide, the 1930s was the first decade in the United States' history when the number of young children declined. Never . before had the birthrate, . at less than 20 children per 1,000 women of childbearing age been so low" (Egan 2006:169). Yet, during this same period, Yakima experiences tremendous growth in school enrollment and it became necessary to expand building capacity, in particular in the area surrounding the Yakima Maple Street Incinerator. That growth resulted from the mass migration of thousands of destitute farm families t� productive agricultural areas with better climate: The fruit orchard country of Washington was one such destination, adding a new dimension to the increasing population of Yakima and outlying regions (Egan 2006:165). . New Deal programs for Yakima, County include many examples of PWA and WPA projects such as campgrounds, parks, logging roads, etc. (Abel n.d.: 272-285). Parents of children attending local schools often worked close to their neighborhoods on WPA projects building streets, curbs, irrigation lines, sewer lines, or water lines. They were common men struggling in uncommon times. One such parent was J. E. Appleby, father of three young boys, who moved his family from South Dakota to Washington in 1935. By 1936 the family lived just out side the city limits of Yakima and the boys were enrolled in Adams Elementary School. Projects funded by PWA and WPA. provided Mr. Appleby steady work, took him off relief roots, and stabilized his uprooted family (Appleby n.d.). . The Yakima Maple Street Incinerator and grounds were built using both PWA and WPA programs. In his 410 application for funding from the WPA, City Engineer C. E. Crownover estimated that it would employ local citizens on relief rolls for site preparation, plant construction, and landscaping the grounds. He estimated skilled labor would consist of an average daily number of 31 men working as masons (3), carpenters (7), cement workers (4), plasterers (3), iron workers (2), painters (3), and other trades (6) and foreman (2). Three days later he amended this estimated to 69 men working on the construction. An additional team of clerical and professional service providers brought the estimated total to 107 people employed on the project. Yakima received proportionate reimbursement for the time certain regular employees spend on correspondence, accounting, engineering, testing, and oversight of the project (WPA' Archives 1935). Although 10 acres of land were purchased from Edith Taylor for the purpose of building the plant, when the bill itemizing costs incurred by the City were submitted for reimbursement, the PWA officials only ' authorized 50 percent of the land acquisition. The City justified the purchase of such a large site stating that it was the intent of city engineers that should greeted capacity be required in the future, additional facilities could be fuilt on the remainder of the property. Though this project was only in operation from 1936 to 1942, it stands today as a reminder of the hard times when hardworking Americans endured. This visible landmark is a monument to the New Deal and to President Roosevelt, to deliver on his pledge of "a new deal for the American people:" It embodies the original intent and character of a WPA- funded industrial property: Criterion 2 states: "[The property] embodies the distinctive architectural characteristics of a type, period, style, or method of design or construction, or represents a significant distinguishable entity whose components may lack individual distinction." The function of the Maple Street Incinerator was utilitarian. 0 The architecture was . intended to appeal to the human perspective from the street. The building is modestly embellished red brick with a massing of daylight glass and a towering Art Deco smoke Stack. • The smokestack is a highly visible icon in East Yakima. The project was designed to utilize the existing topography. Substantial buildings of this type are rare in Yakima. The Yakima Incinerator was built by the Pittsburg Des Moines Steet-Company ::.whitt °was formatisf-established as a business in Pennsylvania in 1916 (FTC 2005). By about 1920, the company had begun constructing incinerators for municipalities and private businesses across the United States (Yakima Daily Republic 1936). The incinerators built by the Pittsburg Des Moines Steel Company followed a prototype that varied primarily in size between one location and another. This variation was to accommodate the . size of the municipality and the quantity of garbage to be incinerated. " lh an advertisement` in the American Journal of Public Health in 1928, the company stated that its incinerators represented the "United States Standard." In another advertisement from about the same time period (Figure 10), the company states that its incinerator "is the one incinerator built upon standard principals" and that these structures are the 'United States Standard" (Pittsburg Des Moines Steel n.d.). Figure 10 illustrates one of Pittsburg Des Moines' incinerators at Rockville Center, New York, and it shows remarkable similarities to the Yakima Incinerator. The lower (ground). floor of the Rockville Center structure is greatly expanded beyond the lower floor at the Yakima Incinerator, but the second floor is small with two loading /unloading docks and an external tower or chimney mirroring the Yakima facility, indicating that the Maple Street Incinerator followed a prototype (i.e., the "United States Standard ") designed and built by the Pittsburg Des Moines Steel Company in numerous other cities throughout the country. Small modifications could be made to the design to adjust the design to the local topography and unique needs of each local community. Use of a prototype design may help explain why this company turned, in the lowest bid of the four firms that bid on the project. The Pittsburg Des Moines Steel Company bid $46,500 for the project. This was not only lower than the bids of the other three firms that bid, it was considerably lower than the costs the city engineer had estimated would be needed for the project. He estimated the cost, excluding the cost of the land, would be approximately $76,000 (Yakima Daily Republic 1935a). In fact, in anticipation of the project, Yakima sought and received from the state's federal office of the Public Works Administration (PWA) a grant of $76,889 (Yakima Daily Republic 1935b). However, because that grant was predicated on the PWA paying no more than 45 percent of the total costs, the PWA's actual payment was substantially Tess because the winning bid was substantially. less than anticipated (Yakima Daily Republic 1935c). The Maple Street Incinerator, then, represents one of the incinerators built using the "United States Standard" during the first half of the twentieth century by the Pittsburg Des Moines Steel Company. No data could be found on how many of these "United States Standard" incinerators are still standing. It is likely, however, that some (perhaps many) have been demolished particularly if they were located in heavily growing urban centers. The Maple Street Incinerator, in contrast, has had almost no alterations. Under Criterion 2, the essential aspects of integrity are location, design, materials, workmanship, and feeling. These aspects of integrity would be required to convey the architectural characteristics that were inherent in industrial properties from the 1930s. Integrity of setting and association are less important to Criterion 2 as these types of properties are generally considered without regard to their physical surroundings and are not associated with an event. In the case of the Maple Street Incinerator, the structures retains its original integrity of location, design, materials, workmanship, and feeling. Therefore, it meets Criterion 2 for listing on the Yakima Register of Historic Places. Criterion 4 states: "[The property] exemplifies or reflects special elements of Yakima's cultural, special, economic, political, aesthetic, engineering, or architectural history." The Maple Street Incinerator reflects the city's political history in a unique way. Specifically, elected officials in the mid -1930s were concerned with existing waste disposal methods and determined that it was time to turn to alternative solutions. This is discussed below, beginning with a more general history of waste disposal in the United States and elsewhere. Burning to get rid of waste is a very old technology, with the private "burn pile" being the most commonly accepted method (Pichtel 2005; Wikipedia 2010). It represented a simple and easy form of disposing of household discard, and is still practiced in some places of the world. The industrial revolution, however, which wrought changes in nearly all aspects of production and consumption, created significant changes in patterns of disposal. That revolution led to products of common and not -so- common household goods being much more readily available (Rogers 2005:31 -36). During the 181 century, these products were largely manufactured in Europe and too expensive for most people in the United States. Many Europeans, however, could afford them and because they were readily available, could replace these products if they • ' broke or fell into disrepair. Old patterns of repairing clothing when torn or worn or recycling the cloth to quilts, rugs, washcloths, etc., were gradually abandoned. Similarly, repair of tools, broken pottery, furniture, or other items was less commonly practiced; instead the item was simply replaced with a new one At the same time, with mass production goods Were becoming more plentiful.: As they became more plentiful, they became Tess expensive. More families could afford more than "one bed, a table, a few benches, and a chest or two for clothing" (Rogers 2005:32), and the need to save fat to make candles and soap less compelling. The discarded food and other items created ever greater household and municipal waste. These wastes were often taken to informal landfills outside of the city or at the edge of farmland boundaries. Often expanding populations in a city would form as 'a separate but adjacent community around these landfills. A similar process was followed in the United States although it lagged behind Europe. In the early 19` century, garbage Was, a consistent theme of annoyance in large urban centers such as New York, Chicago, and Seattle,, although it was rarely treated as a public utility. The. Civil War acted as another major catalyst, "unleash[ing] massive economic and technological transformations" in the United States, reshaping American manufacturing, and "triggering unprecedented change in the quantity and quality of the country's garbage" (Rogers 2005:48). Previously household waste in large urban centers had primarily consisted of food and other perishable materials. Swine were commonly used to not only provide food for people in the poorer neighborhoods —who still raised their own food —but also to clean up wastes by letting them feed off the piles of refuse tossed into streets and alleys. In more affluent neighborhoods, citizens paid to have wastes removed, and, disliking the hogs that ranged freely, persuaded elected officials to pass anti -hog laws. However, it was not until the 1860s, during the Civil War that hogs were actually removed. To accommodate the war effort, small cottage industries that made soap, guns, wagons, candles, and other commodities on a small scale were consolidated into facilities producing them in large 0 quantities. Mass production not only resulted in greater quantities of industrial garbage, it also lured large numbers of workers from farms or from overseas to live together in urban centers producing yet greater quantities of household garbage. By the end of the 19` century, large and small municipalities faced daunting challenges with wastes. Figure 11 illustrates the challenge faced by New York ca 1895 and the difference created that year when routine street cleaning was required. Publically- funded - removal of garbage imposed consideration of where to put it. European cities close to the sea, along with American cities of Seattle, New York, Chicago, and others, simply took barges off shore and dumped it into the oceans or lakes (Royte 2005:1 -22): In landlocked cities and towns garbage was taken to small and large landfills. Most of these were unregulated and private until the 20 century. Early in the 19 century, Europeans had a .growing sense that disease and pollution were caused by both burn piles and landfills. Thus, when cholera raged in Hamburg, Germany in the 19°' century, communities surrounding the city refused the tainted waste from their large neighbor (Pitchel 2005:37). This and similar situations elsewhere in Europe forced municipalities to seek other alternatives. Incinerators represented one of those alternatives. The first incinerators for waste were built by the Manlove, Alliott & Co. Ltd. in 1874 in England (Wikipedia 2010). In countries where land is a scarce resource, such as Japan, Denmark and Sweden, incinerators continue today as a popular form of waste management: In the United States, Allegheny, Pennsylvania installed the first municipal incinerator in 1885, followed by .. Pittsburg and Des Moines in 1887, Yonkers, New York in 1893, and Elwood, Indiana in 1893 (Pichtel. 2005). Design and operator problems plagued the earliest incinerators, but by 1910, they were generally considered a safe and responsible method of waste disposal. The peak era of incinerator construction in the United States was in the 1930s and 1940s when some 600-700 'incinerator plants were built (Pichtel 0 2005:37). In part, their popularity during these years was due to available funding from the PWA. Municipalities like Yakima, grappling with growing populations and concerned with pollution or health concerns, turned to incinerators as a viable alternative to landfills. The idea of an incinerator to dispose of garbage from homes and businesses had been broached in Yakima as early as 1910 when L. L. Linbarger submitted a proposal to the City Council (Yakima Daily. Republic 1910). The timing of his proposal was, in part, a reflection of a continuing problem in the valley with Typhoid Fever; 43 cases were reported in Yakima by July 1910 (Martin et al. 1985:70). Most of the patients lived near and used the water main that flowed through the Cascade Lumber Mill but had earlier . been a dump and a dairy. Under Linbarger's proposal, he would build and operate the incinerator, city - owned wagons and horses would collect the garbage and take it to his incinerator, and the city would fund his plant through fees levied on residents and businesses; At the time, costs to build such a plant were estimated to be approximately $4000 to $5000 (Yakima Daily Republic 1910). While the City Council at that time expressed their belief that incinerators would eventually be needed in Yakima, they declined to approve the proposal for several reasons. First, they did not wish to take on the burden of garbage collection, a burden that Linbarger refused. In 1910, the primary dump was located on private land north of the west end of the bridge leading to Terrace Heights (see Figure 3). Individuals and businesses took their waste to that facility and paid their own fees. The City did not wish to shoulder those costs. Second, they expressed concern that the City would eventually have to take over such an incineration plant and by then it "will be appraised at a good deal more than the city will care to pay for it" (Yakima Daily Republic 1910). Another possible reason to refuse the proposal was that some businesses were concerned that stories about typhoid in Yakima would discourage people from moving here (Martin et al. 1985:71). Nonetheless, business and civic groups did form a Sanitary League to assist in public sanitation and a health officer hired by the city in 1911 (Martin et al. 1985:70). By 1935, the City Council was of a different mind, especially Mayor Harry C. Temple. The Yakima Daily Republic (1935a) described the dump as follows: "The garbage dump now is and has been for many years infested with rats, serves as a feeding ground ow swine, adds materially to stream pollution of the Yakima river, is unsightly and a menace to public health, the three commissioners contend." A series of other articles in the Yakima Daily Republic between mid- October and mid - December of 1935 illustrate a number of quick steps taken by the Council to move forward with an ordinance for garbage collection and disposal, making such collection and disposal a public utility, contracting for construction of an incinerator, and assessment of a fee for collection and disposal. The ordinance was modeled after one passed by the City of Tacoma in 1929 (Yakima Daily Republic 1935a). A month after passing the ordinance, the Council received notice that the PWA had approved its $76,889 request to help fund a "garbage and refuse incinerator" (Yakima Daily Republic 1935b), and prior to December the City closed on a 10 -acre tract at Maple and Fair avenues (see Figure 3) where the incinerator would be constructed (Yakima Daily Republic 1935b). In early December, bids were received for the incinerator's construction on the lot purchased (Yakima Daily Republic 1935d) and later that month, the contract was signed and an assessed monthly fee of 50 cents for each household was passed by the Council (Yakima Daily Republic 1935c). The City Council's quick action was in part fueled by the availability of New Deal funding under the PWA. In addition to their acquisition of funding for the incinerator, the Council sought and received federal funding of $116,270 toward construction of the City's first sewage disposal plant and sewer system in the fall of 1935 (Yakima Daily Republic 1935e). Those funds also came with a commitment by the local WPA office to furnish ca. 350 men to work on the sewer project. The incinerator, however, seems to have been a particular interest of then Mayor Temple, and his fellow councilmen lent support to his program moving swiftly through the steps needed to realize its completion. Speaking to the Rotary Club on December 19, 1935, Mayor Temple's remarks were quoted stating his overall goal: With the installation of the incinerator, the present city dump [known as the Valley Junk Company], which has been an eyesore and health menace for many years, will be completely eradicated. It is the intention of the commission [City Council] to clean up this imminent danger to the entire city and its adjacent territory (Yakima Daily Republic 1935c). The landfill of the Valley Junk Company (see Figure 3) was situated adjacent to the Yakima River at that time, but located in the County and outside the City's jurisdiction. Therefore, as part of his plan, Mayor Temple had, earlier in December, sent a formal letter to the County Board of Commissioners requesting the removal of the dump (Yakima Daily Republic 19350. He told reporters that his office had been besieged with requests for the dump to be removed once news was out that the incinerator would be built. In the letter, he stated that while the dump was on private land, the County's Health Board had the authority to abate it as a nuisance, and he urged that this be done. Mayor Temple's vision and purpose for the ordinance, public utility, and incinerator were expressed at length at the Rotary luncheon: The question of sewage disposal and cleaning up stream pollution is not a new subject, as it has been tossed into the lap of every mayor of Yakima by residents of this city and lower valley communities since the practice of emptying raw sewage into the Yakima River was started. The present program, now a realization, was' started last May when I threw down the gauntlet and publicly stated that this city commission would take the lead in cleaning up the disgraceful condition existing in the valley. This statement was made in a conference called by myself and attended by officials of all communities in the Yakima River drainage area, (as quoted in the Yakima Daily Republic 1935c). In his address, then, the Mayor informed the Rotary and, through the newspaper, the citizenry that he had felt an obligation to resolve an issue that had been under discussion nearly since the town had been formed when it moved north from Yakima City (now Union Gap). Like other municipalities in the United States and elsewhere, Yakima grappled with how and where to dispose of its increasing garbage. Prior to 1936, when the incinerator was completed, businesses and citizens either disposed of these wastes through burn piles or discard on their own property or they took the materials to a privately owned dump adjacent to the Yakima River and the west side of the bridge to Terrace Heights. In. 1935, the Mayor concluded that was no longer a viable option for a city of some 30,000 people (Yakima Daily Republic 1935c). Rather, he and his Council found that the situation would require establishment of a public utility and construction of a facility that could manage the City's ever - increasing garbage. The Maple Street Incinerator, therefore; exemplifies Yakima's political history. While it no longer operates as an incinerator, the structure was built to resolve a local problem that affected all residents and the political solution was to establish a public utility with a monthly assessment, a process that continues to the present day. As noted under Criterion 2, the incinerator also retains its integrity of location, design, materials, workmanship, and feeling. These are also the most important aspects of integrity for Criterion 4. Therefore, the Maple Street Incinerator meets Criterion 4 for listing on the Yakima Register of Historic Places. 7. Additional Documentation. Figure 1. Location of the Maple Street Incinerator within the City of Yakima and Kiwanis Park (Yakima East 7.5 min. USGS Topographic Map). • • ./' GEOLOU1L.AL aurcvn,i ' 120 '30' g2ow,.,E. • ''93 a94 _ 27'30" •95 T30.. \ ..: .,. • .:.� _'� � � j 7 r . ' 1 '- � . , iii t i ' 1` -t t , t, '�:" =' �= �:bCy'¢•:. ' 1' -- } i �! \. `r+ --i`. '., 'i' yam s:.:., ly I . )r :, t ✓ ': 1- I � \ A • .F - `t L 1 e _ i . L„,,,.. , „ ,..._____, , -.1' r . �� • ' ' J w �_ \t � I ; Tra, Perk �j,� `'a c c • � y _ ��� ~ - , \ . • o 1 - ; 'l i. 1 • i: °.mss. �. , ' ,, t , i `°Y'. ' ■ 1, '"I • ,1 ...,, 1 I,.—v, \ \ • i r" ; . - \ .. I I 1 ..: ' • : -;' 7. . 11 \ a••'""_••;. ' \ 1" / ..� "---'•-•-'-'....,''s L\ ��. Radio TV; ''3- ' I ' -max i Cco1er' o ff ,, '•.. ;; . �� \�a _ roan_• _I - i J. i :: , • Incinerator j� .c v f : \ �--�•- 4' _ ; ` .ter - Tank ° a� V • •, \ Park � te .7•u`I:;t•� 1 ) k_/. t o H 'limy' , — �11 '9 ` .i ' • •- ,, \ i. i� • ' (l, �� --\,- ' v --,....r , F.z7, .1 Z di . 'dm.. ,..1 ,:l i.•' N . ',..---..7.- i i . . \ Atm 1 n0 C• I r • .. , ike $....:z.... \.\.„,.\ 0 e — r- \ ., it .� :' .� r state • , t . !SPORTSMEN 1 .. CCC ]]]��\ , diti ; �, n rxroun i Fo ut -Z ‘c;•:..4m,te,. — „r ill . F• i ? p� (� a n ? 7.-,. \ _ ' - ; STATE PARK c, P ar 5162' e :s, . : .. I: • /. ..:a .. \\,, ) _ L. i _i 1 q : 35 \ L ,oc ' t.. '• = • �'. aa6 c It:F • � ~6 ` a I • d � °ti T2ikr I I . • . v • �de fferson S";1i i.' . : • if' _ � r : i•. =; I. • . .. g Y17 .na k . , .r. ' 'I •• • :..",. w• `se 4 4 . a" a •• _: - -: � aFilf:.IFIr ' :' 1 sl - o l \ • • I r,,P ._Z li.�+',•i T+.k•l\T trl ... ` I ' , • � I: n it ': I '' .. o • -%: ' t \ \ ,r` — ':t - ^` -� ; �_ • • • II .. . . . . . . . . Figure 2; Scale drawing (plan view) of Maple Street Incinerator. ' I I 1 v� I Yi i1 _ ...! .. .• , . . . ..„. • . ,- .- . ,• . ...... ., , • :• I . Sr i .. ,:' .:_._„,......, . . . • •. . , ,. .... . . 6 i ,..• . - 1 .: \.- $fdia_ - - - tfi ..tl :. ::.... : j i 1 • � - 1 , . . ! - . • { :; I . . .. : ` : 6 - ' ..: ; . . - j 4.. /7. ir; 1 . . • . . • . . • • . . ... ,,. . • . . . • . • . . . . . . • • . • Figure 3. Pre 1940 Kroll map of Yakima showing approximate locations of Valley Junk Company Dump and the Maple Street Incinerator (courtesy Yakima Valley Museum). • • • • , &utde 1lirap f • �� i I `o o yr MA .-,;, ,; 4,,r. ,.",_...,WASH 0 N GT® N � ,A ' . .��• �; • • �, rr /.l I• 1'n * ti/:"'Nbra./A!Nia.W Fl • \ yo ' KROLL MAP COMPANY, INC. • f 1 `�' Serino. U y, n ; , •y. /•.' • . SCALP Location of Valley ■ U -°�r ; � t > `r `vim.... Dump Co. Dump , 0:-... ' . . *' ' .t .,,, ...,■:,., 1 II i . - 0 1 \ ):: 1/4 4 - . ; ... ',, , ,'... :i .__ J, , • ; 4' y . � ,.. 'T i. \ uilrtT ` , • t ,,,,,'1 , , 'all ' 7 µ loo 7 / ; t, b \,t ` I... r] "° I Mi - -- p p _a. s� /� `1 5 . r. . �. ,.. t + s . l_ I t � i f. ' I . N a - _ t1 ... - 1 • `, -: ' ' ` v ,. ` `: ` > s e t .� \,.' t� k lI`� Approx. location of 1 , , , p `, , l ' ` ,. .. 1, i a — ^ 1 Yak Incinerator . \ u a po,; r ',.„,...\ t Y -� P ' for "" „,,„,.„..., ,„.....„,,.rz_...s., k c',`” : 5, .... , i ` , \ . \ . .} � II l no 1—,...i r_ 1 + r S Y �o n s g s ..... n/ 6 C L ?wo.n' roo0 1 North � ;‘ . Va.. � ` ' = rec i4W1 y k . WASHINGTON STATP , • • Z • • il. • . . . • • . . . .. • .. . . • • • Figure 4. Photograph looking north up the southern ramp with the incinerator at the upper part of the ramp; note orange tile roof, chimney on the west side, and orange -red brick used in the construction (photograph courtesy of J. Wilde). . •_ ili .1 -- ! "� • it 7- ' 10 r 1e' , � • 4 • r. e.. ,,fir . . a � -� 'r a 011, ` 4 A =fig /' Ali - l ••.. 1f • ." Figure 5. Photograph of the roof parapet details: a) looking south at the rear facade with parapets on both east and west facades; SW J b) looking southwest at the structure with parapet on eastern wall. Figure 6. Looking northwest at the eastern facade of the incinerator. „ . . • 1 .: � - . .�. R °' SSA, . 3.. • ` 3 ,y t4;;; , w. % , % "."44411111111111i0 . Figure 7. Brick window detailing on the incinerator. ,_Y _ r -2: -- - 11 _ ___ L - r- - -=-_ : 1- '; • L _c_71--- 1• ` �� -1 - J 11111111111111•1111 - - dy IMINI MIMI • I i Figure 8. The chimney for the Maple Street Incinerator. qyi f,l,rip,.. -----.„....................„.„........... , . -;. .. r • an • ■ of , ' ¢• II { � 11 k 11 ■ ■ Figure 9. Plaque on the west side of the Maple Street Incinerator. `i ,t \ . • . A'titiA■ . VE RtIr Ckethial Nl't SE lici*i , i 4. 4 1 x 4t � ' ,_ t , (O t +t' l;s • . . •1+t.ka\A t L= UtLCEt,S ' • �� . .Y" 1 Figure 10. Advertisement in The American City magazine for incinerators built by the Pittsburg Des Moines Steel Company using the "United States Standard." Note the similarity of the building with the Maple Street Incinerator. I .. ,.. u.... MUNICIPAL GARBAGE DISPOSAL Itiht4a the pra41-e..n4 tt:+3u+tri..o Y‘hr: 1k,.1Ir.r .ri tt■ tanitart. ntic vat tut■th• of tudn% 1w4. iur rz,141 /41■te anal 4.dttrlc.% p.rlona. a natt•t,%ct..rt a ttcthnd o1 •t iCtpal ata.4- and also becauK al ttt. pk.o.• %ttrh d4.ptwi the% 4ln.t..c thr MC, srv6ir,nKUrn1 upt•curanea "I litted Stales. SIaur.lard lttetn• erutwr. II tunt c..nnniu t% n:113% a %L W." liecru it .• tttr •tnc 1:4 h.ge' di.powI %% 1tn4 that utttt ineinrraan hail apart %unloa t17%. alcrti%c and catrcnnI% nariic• printiptt -.. and do: un. tttcincratar uncuelled in di %p.Mint; re law char. til.n smoke ii :�tncri4an munici actari•uuof lads uttin! mount' nil i IN. pditil• hu%•c nod rulucal. %%rite inr And At {art Ow nt. tk rn rC.i• in.fnt:notion. %'c %hall hr I tlrntial maw. and e�mtnrunitic,, to t %on all the information lam what tltl:p rrtpa.t a gfCthad of is rd :1114t %%itltt.ttt dtotrt;c. UM. iGtrltragr dwtwnatl thti I....k 14+ tin "l'ade'd tit,afc4 St.tuttard' !Wino. l.nt lat.'s ha%c the: lxst rarharte alur a% thy ant' and mill tatida■ d• *pae►a1 t>!.te'n union %.nt hate' tor) job. Ili `! 'aired Stair, Standard." Pittsburgh -Den Moines I Steel Company HI Neville Ittand, P;tt.outrh. 1`. t.65 11u4...., le.a.lnet Flidp , PO.* Yell CI) I1 -. W—, L.1... ..... , t 1...,- 9.. t,.... .4 .. .4.1..1. I Figure 11. New York's Fifth Street before and after the initiation of routine street cleaning, ca. 1895. From Rogers 2005:59, original at Museum of the City of New York. The Jacob A. Riffs Collection. ` 3 tom* a? i 3. v a � , a :1:7'‘. ; ,: ✓ �` , , v V CcF7lJ ._ . . • A Re . V . ,' M . , , _ • I A �' ^'' 11 -icy s C •Yi . r �i� x �A R k f :� �K' fi � M , - c iii 41 w S Y ., v , 44:'_ . 'A.0 .. . .. ; :•:«1 • 8.. Major Bibliographical References. American Journal of Health 1928 Directory of Exhibits. American Journal of Health XX,VIII:3 Appleby, J. E. n.d. Family Album. Data on file with Vernon Appleby, ca. 1938 -1939. Yakima, Washington. Egan, Timothy . 2006 The Worst Hard Times, The Untold Story of Those Who Survived the Great American Dust Bowl. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston. Federal Trade Commission 2005 Pitt -Des Moines, Inc. Briefing on Complaint Counsel's Motion for Clarification: Number . 9300, BRMFS1 57421v4. On file at the Federal Trade Commission, Washington D.C. Historic Pittsburg Image Collection 2010 Digital Research Library, University of Pittsburg. Accessed July 19, 2010 at http: / /digital.library.pitt.edu /images /pittsburgh /rust.html. Martin, George M., Paul Schafer, and William E.Scofield 1985 Yakima A Centennial Reflection 1885 - 1985. Yakima Centennial Commission, Yakima. Pichtel, John 2005 Waste Management Practices: Municipal, Hazardous, and Industrial. Taylor & Francis Group, 0 New York. Pittsburg Des Moines Steel n.d. Municipal Garbage Disposal. The American City ca. 1928, p. 47. Rogers, Heather 2005 Gone Tomorrow, The Hidden Life of Garbage. The New Press, New York. Royte, Elizabeth 2005 Garbage Land: On the Secret Trail of Trash. Little, Brown and Company, New York. Rust, Ellsworth M. 1940 The S. Murray Rust Family of Virginia — Ancestral Family Tree. Accessed on July 19, 2010 at http: / /forwardturn.orq/ Historical %2QOverview %20S. Murray %20Rusts /o20Family.pdf. Wikipedia 2010 Incineration. Accessed on June 9, 2010 at http: / /en.wikipedia.orq /wiki /Incineration. . WPA (Works Progress Administration) Archive 1935 Project Files, Docket Number Wash. 1252, Applicant Yakima, Loan, Grant $19,330.78. Project Type: Incinerator. Microfile of the Federal Worksp Agency Public Works Administration Project Files, National Archives and Records Administration, Washington D. C. Yakima Daily Republic 1910 Incinerator May Be Built by City. Yakima Daily Republic April 13, 1910. 0 1935a . City Plans Shift in Garbage Work. Yakima Daily Republic, October 14, 1935. 1935b Hoffman Approved Funds for Yakima Incinerator. Yakima Daily Republic, November 15, 1935. 1935c Temple Says Advance of 15 Per Cent Soon. Yakima Daily Republic, December 19, 1935. 1935d Four Firms Bid on Incinerator. Yakima Daily Republic, December 9, 1935. 1935e Sewage Disposal Plant Underway. Yakima Daily Republic, November 27, 1935. 1935f Mayor Asks for Removal of Dump. Yakima Daily Republic, December 11, 1935. 1936 Incinerator Now Ready to Operate. Yakima Daily Republic, September 10, 1936. 1937a Inspector Seeks Dry Garbage. Yakima Daily Republic, January. 30, 1037. 1937b Inspector Speaks of Incinerator at City Engineers Club. Yakima Daily Republic, April 16, 1937. 1949 Long Idle Incinerator May Cause City Headache. Yakima Daily Republic, January 26, 1949. Yakima Herald Republic 2003 Future Uncertain for Closing Incinerator, Chimney. Yakima Herald Republic, June 16, 2003. Yakima Republic 1957 Kiwanis Members Told of Yakima Park Programs. Yakima Republic, July 17, 1957. • • MAPLE STREET INCINERATOR YAKIMA REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES BACKGROUND MATERIAL • YAKIMA REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES NOMINATION FORM • Narrative Description Physical Appearance • Continuation sheet Item 5 Page 1 of 2 City of Yakima's Maple Street Incinerator is an example of 1930's era industrial style architecture built into a natural bench formation. The original ten -acre grounds include the footprint of this refuse incineration plant and towering smokestack overlooking a naturally fed pond to the east, and wrapped to the west with non - native evergreen trees approximately 74 years old Within six years of its construction, the practice of garbage incineration was discontinued. For a sustained period, the plant was used for storage. During this time most incineration equipment was removed. Today the exterior structure and smokestack of the Maple Street Incinerator maintain 95% of original integrity. The grounds to the west of the plant were converted into a skateboard park in July 2008; reducing the physical setting to 75% of its original integrity. The main plant is a two level American bond patterned red brick building. A 100 foot high concrete smokestack is attached at foundation of the west wall. Along the north side of the smokestack U- shaped hand and foot rails are imbedded in the concrete, providing ladder access to the top. The top area of the stack displays a linear design encircling the tower. The pattern is of engraved bands above and below equilateral triangles imprinted in the concrete. This design is more than decorative; it denotes the logo for Rust Engineering, as cast on the metal door affixed to the base of the smokestack. (Exhibit , Item ). Rust Engineering of Pittsburgh, PA, subcontracted the design and construction of this smokestack under general contractor Pittsburgh -Des Moines Steel Corp. Wide bands of brickwork in relief set out along the vertical center, edges, and corners of the building outline the east face of the building. Brickwork in relief emphasizes the roofline in the same manner, with three courses of detailing around the gable and the wide horizontal brick header above two large sets of windows. Multi -paned rectangular windows throughout the building are utilitarian steel -frame awning style. The second and third rows of windows tilt on pivots to allow natural airflow. The front or east face of the building has the largest surface of windows, with two twenty paned sections adjacent to one another (with a total of forty glass panes) on either side of the protruding center column brickwork for a total of eighty glass panes on the upper level On the lower level of the east face of the building, around the brickwork columns on the north and south ends are two windows that are presently boarded up. The width of the area matches that of the upper floor windows above them, but they are four rather than five rows high due to the closeness to the foundation of the walls and floor. These windows are otherwise of the same'design and materials, having only sixteen glass panes. On the north and south faces of the upper level, each section of windows contains four panes across and five rows down, for a total of twenty glass panes. Approximately 25% of the glazing is missing. The Maple Street Incinerator faces east, with approximately 75% of the lower level built into a natural bench . formation. Viewing the plant from the east shows the formality of its architecture to best advantage. Both upper and lower levels are visible at once; flanked by the upper level ramps on the north and south, while the 4110 dense green backdrop of mature evergreen trees contrasts the slender silhouette of the tapering white smokestack. YAKIMA REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES NOMINATION FORM Narrative Description • Physical Appearance Continuation sheet _ Item 5 • Page 2 of 2 Little remains of the incinerator equipment. It is fortunate to know that the Pitt - DesMoines Steel Company exclusively built designer Edgar Boyd Kay's patented "smokeless incinerator ". Copies of E. B. Kay's patent applications contain mechanical drawings and detailed information about his original designs and later improvements, plus commentary on the processing involved. (Exhibits Items ) To envision the plant in operation it helps to understand the design of the facility, and materials used Municipal trucks drove along a ramp to reach the upper level and entered the facility through a large metal overhead door. The truck bed raised to dump the cargo, drove through the building, exited a second overhead door, and left via the other ramp. High interior_ceilings and exterior tile roof profile the upper level. Two prominent cylindrical metal vents sit upright along the ridge of the refractory tile roof, between the buildings east and west facing gables. The main floor is divided into two chambers: the first for drying and the second for burning. A set of three rectangular patterns on the floor are cemented in where the charging holes with removable grates or covers [no longer installed] were installed on the upper floor called the charging floor[ceiling of the lower chamber]. The lower level chamber was for debris remaining after incineration. This was deposited until it could be transferred out of the main plant, possibly into the pond on the grounds. Industrial sized double doors slid open on the : left side of the lower east face to permit a truck to back up for loading from or onto the floor. A second set of double doors located on the right end of the lower east face lead into the plants 8' X 9' office on the upper floor in the NW corner and bathroom facilities (8'X8'9 ") on the upper floor in the NE corner. Two pulleys, visible on the stoking floor ceiling, and supported by steel I -beams operated the doors to the dampers. At the completion of construction of the incinerator in 1936, the City of Yakima was given a bronze plaque. The plaque was discovered in 2007 stored on a shelf in the warehouse of Yakima Public Works. The plaque is about 2' X 2.5' and bears the words: CITY OF YAKIMA MAPLE STREET INCINERATOR Erected A. D. 1936 Harry C Temple -Mayor Ray Washburn- Commissioner Finance • Geo W. Clark- Commissioner Public Works • Pittsburgh -Des Moines Steel Co. General Contractor It is unclear if this plaque was ever mounted to the building. • YAAIP9A REGwS T ER OF FI4STORIC PLACES NOMINATION FORM S City of Yakima Maple Street Incinerator and Grounds • Continuation sheet: Significance _ Item 6 Page 1 of 11 City of Yakima's Maple Street Incinerator and Grounds located at the corner of Maple Street and Fair Avenue is an industrial structure and physical setting that is significantly associated with events in history, local and national architecture, economic depression and recovery, and cultural heritage of the Yakima community. This • _ complex was constructed outside the city boundaries, on 10 -acres purchased for this specific project by the City . • of Yakima, in 1936 at the height of the Great Depression using President Franklin Delano Roosevelt's New Deal Federal Emergency Relief Administration programs to fund materials and manpower. The main building, its adjacent 100 -foot smokestack, and the landscaping are now 74 years old, retain 95% of exterior integrity, • and meet eligibility requirements for listing on Yakima Register of Historic Places in the following categories: 0 _) Is associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of nattiiona:, state, and llo�cd T; history. Simmary: In the mid 1930s, significant population growth in the City of Yakima required better refuse disposal to protect citizens and surface water from pollution. The Great Depression was in full force. Money for infrastructure repair and expansion was scarce for municipalities. The Great Depression and . Dustbowl sent destitute families to Yakima in search of work. Small homes and infrastructure were needed to house the struggling newcomers and families arriving in Yakima. Jobs were needed to . .support destitute families. FDR's Neiv Deal programs, PWA and WPA, gave Yakima the financial backing for infrastructure projects to employ men on the relief roles. The Yakima Maple Street Incinerator is a monument to the New Deal: a standing example of the rhythm and line of industrial architecture from. the 1930's the men taken off the relief rolls who built it and the families who survived the extreme financial and social upheaval of that time. In 1910 census data, the City of Yakima had a population of 14,082. In 1920, the figure had grown to 18,539. By the decade after World War I, Yakima had established itself as the largest city in central Washington. Agriculture and associated warehouses and canneries were the principle industry. The 1930 census reported the city of Yakima population at 22,100. Another 5,000 people were densely settled in unincorporated areas, making a metropolitan area of approximately 30;000. • Yakima's population and economic growth was counter balanced by the need to improve the method of garbage disposal. Yakima was not alone in practicing open dumping at designated sites on the. Yakima River. • This • unsightly, unsanitary method of disposal, despite the resultant pollution of streams and unpleasant air qualit was an accepted municipal practice nationwide. `ale City USA, Stories of Early Wenatchee, Bruce Mitchell of The Wenatchee World, copyright 1992, Chapter III Sanitation: "There's another dead horse in town and • no place to past it ", The Wenatchee World reported on December 24, 1909', pgs 72 -75, Wenatchee Valley Museum & Cultural 127 South Mission, Wenatchee 988011 Local leaders could' no longer ignore this problem. . On the national level, there was a larger problem. The peace and prosperity of the decade following victory in World War I had been shattered at home in October 1929 when the stock market crashed. Banks and small failed; factories closed. One fourth of all workers were unemployed. An estimated. 12 to 15 million S usinesses eople were unemployed at the height of The Great Depression. Foreclosures on homes, businesses, family • farms and farmland became commonplace throughout the nation. [The World Book Encyclopedia: 1988 Edirtion, Copyright 1987, U.S.A., World Rook Jaye. J • • ;°A °LIMA REGIS d ERc OF HISTORIC P .ACES NIOMINATIDN FORM City of Yakima Maple Street Incinerator and Grounds . . Continuation sheet: Significance Item 6 Page 2 of 11 This period was marked by a struggle for life itself in America's midsection. Years of poor farming practices on grasslands, combined with dramatic climatic changes, created a No Man's .Land known as the Dust Bowl. Farming families and communities from the Dakota's to the Texas, Oklahoma, and New Mexico panhandle saw once productive land turn fallow, their fortunes and health destroyed, as topsoil blew away in gigantic dust storms around them. • Transition from the decade of the "Roaring Twenties" to the "Dirty Thirties" was a financial and emotional roller coaster ride. During the Great Depression, Americans had lost more than their fortunes and property. They lost hope, and were losing faith in our government. In 1932, President Herbert Hoover's opponent, Franklin Delano Roosevelt, successfully campaigned on the promise.of "a new deal for the American people ". • After his inauguration as President in March 1933, Franklin Delano Roosevelt called Congress into a special session known as The Hundred Days. Legislation enacted during that period reformed financial institutions and business practices. Programs were created to help the needy get back to work. Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) provided housing, . training, and jobs in conservation and reforestation for needy young men across the nation. The Federal Emergency Relief Assistance (FERA) provided the states money for the needy. Home Owners Loan Corporation (HOLC) gave low interest loans to those struggling to pay mortgages. Public Works Administration (PWA) provided created large numbers of jobs for people: building new roads, irrigation c s, schools, parks, courthouses, bridges, etc. During The Second Hundred Days, Congress approved the Progress Administration (WPA) providing employment to those on relief rolls building public facilities. • "Nationwide, the.1930's was the first decade in United States history when the number of young children declined. Never before had the birthrate, at less than 20 children per thousand women of childbearing age been so low." (The Worst Hard Time (The Untold Story of Those Who ,Survived the Great American Dust Bowl), Houghton .Mifflin Company Boston New York Tim Egan, pg 1691 Yet during this same period, the City of Yakima experienced such tremendous growth in school enrollment it became necessary to expand building capacity, in particular in the area surrounding the Yakima Maple Street Incinerator. • One result of Dust Bowl conditions was mass migration of thousands of destitute farm families to productive - agricultural areas with better climate. The fruit orchard country of Washington State was one such destination, adding a new dimension to the increasing population of Yakima and outlying regions. Included in this exodus were a large number of German tenant farmers that had immigrated to Arkansas, Missouri, and Oklahoma from Russian steppe to escape political oppression under Stalin. {Op. Cit. pg. 165) • In the 1930's the City of Yakima saw large truck farms located around (the incinerator) and to the south of the State Fairgrounds divided into residential lots, and developed into neighborhoods for a population displaced by depression economics and climatic conditions of the Dust Bowl. New residential areas required infrastructure: roads, streets and curbs, sewer and water service, irrigation lines, and larger schools and playgrounds. Recollections of two principals of elementary schools during this period in Yakima history, demonstrate changes in the social and cultural environment. Their writings offer a glimpse into life in Yakima in the l {Derr Yesterdays: A History of the Yakima Public Schools and PT'A's: 1885 —1956, sponsored by State Li e PTA. 's, two copies bound in1956, Yakima Valley Regional Library, ary, Yakima WA, in the Reference (non circulating) Section, P-g370•9797 0.1 • • YAKIMA REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES NOMINATION FORM City of Yakima • 0 Maple Street Incinerator and Grounds., Continuation sheet: Significance Item 6 Page 3 of 11 The original Adams Elementary was located on Adams Street between South 7 and South 8 Streets, about five blocks from the, incinerator site. Miss L. Maud Bowman, principal of Adams Elementary is upbeat writing of necessary expansions of playground space, and her appreciation for the safety of a new fence built around that playground. The students and their parents demonstrate pride in their school by twice winning district wide gardening competition, planting street trees along South Eighth Street, and families donating lilacs and other plants to beautify the grounds. In . her description of the building expansion Miss L. Maud Bowman mentions new restrooms are equipped w' th baths, and goes on to say that the office routinely schedules baths for children for 20 minutes out of the school ' day. .She explains that it is not because their homes do not have appropriate facilities, but that many of these houses are so small that there is no privacy with so many people sharing the space. • Jefferson Elementary School was two blocks south of the State Fairgrounds at Fair Avenue and E, Viola. According to Principal Ruth Childs, a family could buy a small home for as little as "five dollars down and five dollars a month ". She tells of a family living in wood framed house with a dirt floor and cardboard walls who had to live in their car after a hard rain until they had gleaned enough new boxes from behind the stores to rebuild their home. Expansion projects at Jefferson Elementary, building an auditorium, and new wings of classrooms, also had restrooms complete with `shower baths'. • Ruth Childs mentions the classrooms overcrowded with children from incoming destitute families,. and i `ungraded' classrooms of boys. Ages and scholastic abilities in these classrooms varied and depended upon ndividual experience. She details efforts of mothers who volunteered to prepare school lunches, organize clothing drives, knit mittens for the needy. Miss Childs solicited donations from the community businesses to assist in these. efforts. Yakima's education community experience was not unique. In researching the Depression era for his book The Worst Hard Time , Tim Egan found this was the first time our nations schools found it necessary to prepare food for their students. Many children experienced gaps in their education due to severe economic or climatic conditions, changing the profile of students sharing the same classroom. The Federal government was often behind the financing of school expansions, playground enlargement and improvements, and landscaping. New Deal programs catalogued for Yakima County point to many examples of PWA and WPA projects such as these, and in the Naches area several Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)_ projects .building campgrounds, logging roads, etc, [MSS -316 Washington State Library Maunuscript #316, WIlA doc IS-11, "A Re epot. on Community Progress" by Don Abel (not dated), pgs 272 to 285, copy mailed from OAIIP on September 12; 2008 [available online g washstatelibrary] } • Parents of these schoolchildren were often working around the neighborhood on WPA projects building streets and curbs, digging and laying irrigation lines, sewer lines or water lines, or in the construction of public buildings. These were common men struggling in uncommon times. One such parent was J. E. Appleby, father of three young boys, who moved his family from S. Dakota to Washington State in 1935. By 1936 the Appleby family was living just outside the city limits of Yakima, with school age children enrolled in Adams. Federal projects funded by PWA & WPA provided Mr. A leb eady work, took him off the relief rolls, and stabilized his uprooted, destitute.family. [Exhibit , Item y Profile of .1: E. Appleby: S. Dakota Exoduster' to 1936 Yakima ditch digger] • • • YAKIMA REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES NOMINATION FORM. C • ity of Yakima • Maple Street Incinerator and Grounds Continuation sheet: Significance Item 6 Page 4 of 11 III . Another example: Calmer Carl Gordon was born in Colfax, Whitman County in the Territory of Washington in 1885. Raised in a farming family, married and father of a growing family, C. C. Gordon struggled to find steady work to sustain them. In 1936 the WPA work relief program provided Mr. Gordon a job in the construction of the incinerator, and later at the Yakima Air Port (1942). {Exhibit , Item , Reflection on Conversations with Phillis (Gordon) Haywood: A Daughter of the Great Depression, An Oral History} Small scale vernacular housing of the Great Depression era surrounds the Maple Street Incinerator site. The neighborhoods around Jefferson and Adams Elementary reflect the desperate.times .described in the later . writings of Miss Bowman and Miss Childs. Today the housing stock remains viable as affordable first homes for families just starting out. The neighborhood fabric stands intact as it was built, with the exception of the • demolition of several blocks of housing stock removed to make way for the expansion of Kiwanis Park .south of Maple Street. City of Yakima Maple Street Incinerator and Grounds was built using both PWA and WPA programs. As a public facility serving a most basic municipal function, its construction signaled that Yakima was stepping up to a higher, more 'Modern' standard and away from the unsightly, unsanitary, and polluting practices of the past. Its closure in 1942 was signalled by article published on November 20, 1941 in theYakima Daily Republic . entitled "CityTransforms Hay Baler Into Machine To Salvage Paper At Its Dump Grounds ". The city was cooperating with the national defense program of paper consumption. WWII was raging in Europe, and paper . reclamation was only one of many items that were now being separated out for resale value. • On April 23,1942 the Yakima Daily News announced on its front page, "Incinerator Will Close On M Action Will Help In Paper Salvage Underway Here ". Other, reasons stated were "(1) the incinerator nee general overhaul, and, (2) a large amount of paper..: could be could be saved. Two incinerator employees will be released by the shut down.... Grounds about the incinerator have been so well maintained the place ranks as a small park for the neighborhood." Though this New Deal (PWA, WPA) project was only in operation from 1936 to 1942 - it stands today as a reminder of the hard times. hardworking Americans endured. This visible landmark is a monument to the New Deal and to President Franklin Delano Roosevelt, who had the compassion, commitment, and courage to deliver • on his pledge of "a new deal for the American people ". (2) Embodies the distinctive architectural characteristics of a type, period, style, or method of design or construction, or represents a significant and distinguishable entity whose components *may lack individual distinction. Summary: Yakima Mapie Street Incinerator and Grounds embodies the original intent and character of • a Work Projects Administration funded industrial complex. Incineration of municipal refuse had a short -lived life in American cities. Many similar complexes have disappeared from other USA cities. The function of the Maple Street Incinerator was utilitarian. The architecture was intended to appeal to . the human perspective from the street. The building is modestly embellished red brick, with a massing of daylight glass and a toweringArt Deco smoke stack.. The smokestack is a highly visible icon in Fast Yakima. The project was designed to utilize the existing topography and included a landscaping scheme to lower odors in the surrounding residential area and to use existing natural on -site pond. Substantial buildings of this style or era are rare in Yakima. • . • Pittsburgh -Des Moines was early in the ranks of national engineering firms that used a business mo of subcontracting with specialty firms to produce uniform quality built-for-the-site industrial and municipal structures. Rust Engineering was a Pittsburgh, PA firm who specialized in the design and • • • • • Y.` K!MA REGISTER OF '- BSTORIC DLACES NOMINATION FORFt • City of Yakima Maple Street Incinerator and Grounds . Continuation sheet: Significance __ — Item 6 __ _ Page 5 of 11 • In post World War I era, as in earlier times, garbage disposal was a municipal problem throughout the nation. Landfills were not yet a viable alternative because of the costs involved. Illegal dumping along the Yakima River was already a problem, as was collecting refuse fees from households outside the city limits. . Franklin Delano Roosevelt's New Deal program PWA offered to finance 45% of construction costs for municipal projects. The federal government provided WPA funding for labor as well, thus reducing the number of workers on relief rolls. . The City of Yakima applied to Federal Emergency Administration of Public Works grant to construct municipal garbage and refuse incinerator in the fall of 1935. On May 5, 1935 the city was notified by E. R. Hoffman, State Director (Washington), that "construction contracts in the amount of $39,900 have been awarded for this project and work was started on April 14` 1936 ". The Yakima Daily Republic on October 11, 1935 described the City dump as follows: "The garbage dump now • • is and has been for many years infested with rats, serves as a feeding ground of swine, adds materially to • stream pollution of the Yakima river, is unsightly and a menace to public health, the three commissioners contend" The article announced city plans for a garbage incinerator, estimated to cost $70,000, to be built at - the site of the present dump. Residents would be charged monthly for removal of home refuse, with the money collected being used to repay the Utility Bonds the City issued to pay the 55% of the cost of the incinerator. . When the bids were opened in December, 1935, Pittsburgh-Des .Moines Steel Corporation was awarded the contract for building the municipal incinerator. This decision was based two factors: theirs was the lowest of four bids, and the city officials had toured incinerator plants in Tacoma, Washington built by this company. • The Pittsburgh -Des Moines Steel was founded in 1892 designing municipal water systems and elevated tanks. It is highly probable that two of Yakima's oldest fruit canneries are still reliant upon early model water towers designed and built by this same company. [Exhibit Item ' early PDM prototypical water tower, pg _, Towering. Over America: An illustrated History of Pitt -Des Moines, Inc. , Jim Foster, Rich Lundgren, Copyright 1992, on File at the Library of Congress, International Standard Book number 0- 89865- 837 -3/ By 1.934, this company had become an internationally recognized corporation having constructed the Naval . Airplane Base at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. By 1935, they "had elevated tanks in every state and territory in the Union; and on every continent, including 35 foreign countries. By 1936, they had built the tallest radio towers in the world, including eight of them in France more than 820 feet tall ". • Pittsburgh -Des Moines Steel Corp. (PDM) moved into the incinerator market by negotiating an agreement of exclusivity with a noted designer of. incinerator, Edgar Boyd Kay. Kay's patented `smokeless incinerator' consisted of drying chamber and a combustion chamber with the material to be incinerated progressing by means of moving grates from one chamber to the other. This process achieved a more - complete incineration with less smoke and ash. {Exhibit _!kin : Photograph of PDM incinerator, pg, Op. Cit.] In all, during a 35 -year period between 1924, and 1958, more than 60 of these facilities were built. Capacities range from 6 tons per day to more than 800 tons per day. Clarence Todd, who had just completed work on the large sea plane base in Hawaii, was placed in charge of the new incinerator department... As business expanded, • YAKIMA REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES NOMINATION FORM City of Yakima Maple Street Incinerator and Grounds • • ill Continuation sheet Significance Item 6 Page 6 of 11 John Jackson was named... Todd's assistant in the new department. Jackson assisted Todd in both the sales and construction of incinerators, and eventually became the supervisor of sales and construction... Years later A.J. (Tony) Franco became head of the incinerator department..." (Op. cit. pg. J Pittsburgh -Des Moines became a leader in this industry. Ironically, the PDM incinerator operated within acceptable standards as set by most environmentalists. But other types were woefully inefficient, pollution - spitting machines. Despite the clean- burning operation of the PDM incinerator, this mode of garbage disposal fell from favor right along with thesmoke- belchers. By 1960, the industry had all but ceased to exist. Accordingly, PDM closed down its incinerator operations. Pitt -Des Moines Steel Company as general contractor built their Edgar Kay designed building to house the drying and incinerating plant, but subcontracted the design of the 100 foot smokestack to another Pittsburgh engineering firm specializing in this type of structure. The triangular symbol inscribed around the top of the smokestack is the Rust Engineering Company logo. Their name and triangular logo appear on the iron door at the base of the smokestack. (Exhibit : Rust Engineering l ogo on headquarters, engineers in office, twin 200 ft smokestacks) • 1 Exemplifies or reflects special elements of Yakima's etdturali, special, economic, political, aesthetic, engineering, or architectural history. Summary: 'Handling refuse disposal is a meter of the advance or retreat of civilization. The incinerator complex resolved a social and health issue with Yakima's previous refuse disposal system, dumping on the river - hank. The incinerator holds a place in the history of how Yakima moved forward to become a modern city. Yakima Maple Street Incinerator and Grounds is a still- standing visible example of New Deal era industrial architecture. In Yakima, PWA/WPA financed irrigation, public water and sewer systems, roads, bridges, streets and gutters, expanded playgrounds and school buildings, and "men on relief" built and installed these projects at this critical period of time .throughout Yakima County and the nation. All these were improvements appreciated in their day, hut over time collective memory faded, schools were replaced and modern infrastructure takes their place. The Maple Street Incinerator remains a landmark of its time surrounded by the legacy of trees . from that era. The building and grounds hold a place in the hearts many who find beauty and history in the architecture. Residents of Yakima who needed a financial lifeline built the Maple Street Incinerator, landscaped its grounds, and worked there. They associate the incinerator and smokestack with their relatives' inherent hard-working character, and struggles during hard times. Their children and grandchildren • are proud of their . family's association with it. The Maple Street Incinerator and it 's grounds are the genesis of the City of Yakima's Kiwanis Park, which is now a 25 acre+ park complex. • On August 26, 1935 the City of Yakima's Mayor A. C. Temple sent a grant application to Federal Emergency Administration of Public Works asking for assistance in financing the building of a garbage and refuse incinerator complex of 90 tons rated capacity. Justification for this assistance was as follows: "The proposed project is a public works project that is socially desirable, can be started promptly, is situated in an area wh employable men are on relief and from an engineering standpoint, is technically sound." In this application, City Engineer C. E. "Crownover estimated that Works Progress Administration would • employ local citizens on relief rolls for site preparation, plant construction, and landscaping the grounds: He YA:‹fikliA REGISTER OF "- PLACES NOMINATION! FORM • City of Yakima Maple Street Incinerator and Grounds . . • Continuation sheet: Significance Item 6 _ Page 7 of 11 • estimated sk labor would consist of an average daily number of 31 men working as Masons (3), Carpenters (7), Cement Workers (4), Plasterers (3), Iron Workers (2) Electricians (2), Painters (3), other trades (6), and Foreman (2). . Three days later he amended this estimate reflecting 69 men working on the construction portion. An additional team of clerical and professional service providers brought the estimated total to 107 people employed on this project. The City of Yakima received proportionate reimbursement for the time certain regular employees spent on correspondence, accounting, engineering, testing, and oversight of this project. (Exhibit item 1 (EXHJ'BAT COPY OF PAY SCALE) Under `General Description of Proposed Plant', City Engineer C. E. Crownover wrote: "There are several • manufacturers of incineration equipment, differing to a considerable extent in type but all of which follow a • high standard and produce satisfactory results. Most of the equipment, or essential parts of it, are covered by patents. Each requires a particular layout and arrangement of equipment with reference to the housing" "It is therefore not practicable to submit a definite plan where, as in this case, it is proposed to take competitive • bids. We are, however, attaching a blue print which will indicate in a general way the arrangement and type of construction desired." A set of prototypical blueprints were included with the grant application. (Exhibit 410 :Copy of Proto?vpicc d .hkmeprints signed by C E. Crownover, City Engineer). Although ten acres of land were purchased expressly from Edith Taylor for the purpose of building this plant, when the bill itemizing costs incurred by the City of Yakima were submitted for reimbursement, the PWA officials only authorized 50% of the land acquisition. The City justified the purchase of such a large site stating that it was the intent of city engineers that should greater capacity be required in the future additional facilities could be built on the remainder of the property. • On October 16, 1935 a letter from (Sgd.) Horatio B. Hackett, United States of America Federal Emergency Administrator of Public Works, was sent to City of Yakima informing them that State File No. Wash. 1252 had been approved in the amount of 45 percent of the cost of the Project upon completion, as determined by (his agency), but not to exceed, in any event, the sum of $38,600. The City agreed to this offer November 4, 1935. Calls for bids were published in the papers and on the dates as follows: Yakima Daily Republic on November. 18` and November 23, 1935; and the Pacific Builder and Engineer on November 23 and November 30, 1935. Bids were opened December 9, 1935. Tabulation of bids submitted as follows: Pittsburgh -Des Moines Steel Corp. $39,900.00 (a) . Decarie Incinerator Corp. 58,900.00 Nye Odorless Incinerator Co. 46,500.00 C. C. Moore, Engineers X75 900.00 • • Certified by A. B. Collins, Acting City Engineer . \ a) Awarded to low Bidder ward approved by State Director, PWA, January 31, 1936 The construction of the Yakima Municipal Incinerator and Grounds began in April 1936, under PDM representative A.J. Franco as contractor. • Pittsburgh -Des Moines subcontracted the construction of the • • • • "A MA a `GIS T ER OF - !STOIRIC PLACES NOMINATION FORM City of Yakima Maple Street Incinerator and Grounds • Continuation sheet: Significance — Item 6 -- • Page 8 of 11 • smokestack to another Pittsburgh based company, Rust Engineering. PDM subcontracted with a Yakima firm. . Leichnitz and Johnson Engineering, for the design and installation of the hot water and piping system. Local businesses supplied materials. The building was well underway in May, and completed by July 1936. Before being put into service, and prior to reimbursement of City expenses, the Federal officials required that the plant must meet a standard of burning 90 tons of refuse a day. • The first six tests failed to reach the required standard. A.J. Franco, .PDM construction contractor, admitted to lacking experience in firing up'and running the incinerator. His supervisor, John E. Jackson came to Yakima in • order to solve the problem. After studying the situation, Jackson cited factors contributing to these failures included the number of cans in the refuse, and quantity of high moisture content garbage related to the fruit industry. Jackson told Yakima City Commissioners that in order to burn efficiently, it would be necessary to separate the cans from the refuse, and to require customers to wrap wet garbage in paper. Legislation was required. Yakima City Commissioners enacted the first Garbage Utility Ordinance, and sent officers door to door to distribute information on the garbage requirements and fees for service. Outside contracts • W • ork divisions Pay scales • Confidential files • The City of Yakima collected, fees, for service from households and businesses within city limits. Those residing outside city limits practiced the same method of disposal, without fees or regulation. Beyond water and air quality, there was the issue of aesthetics Legislation required: formation of a utility, passing of an ordinance requiring customers to separate and wrap wet garbage, information distributed door -to -door • • • • • • • YAKIMA REGISTER OF HIS T ORIC PLACES NOMINATION FORM City of Yakima Maple Street Incinerator and Grounds . 4 ., Continuation sheet: 'Significance Item 6 Page 9 of 11 [5) Is associated with the lives of persons significant in national, state, or Iocal history. -. Summary: Yakima Maple Street Incinerator, from its conception as the 'modern solution to the city 's sanitary garbage disposal problem to its design, construction, short -lived operation, and closure in 1942, has been, associated with the lives of persons significant in national, state, and local history. National figures include President Franklin Delano Roosevelt, the "smokeless incinerator "designer Edgar Boyd Kay, the Pittsburgh Des Moines Steel Company representatives A.J. Franco and John E. Jackson. Regional and state figures included Sargent' Horatio B. Hoffman, as well as legal and clerical office staff and field personnel of the New Deal Programs. • They provided the necessary paper ,trail leading to funding, know how, and manpower for cons'truction-of the incinerator. plant and grounds. Local officials involved in the development history of Yakima Maple Street Incinerator included Yakima . Mayor A.C. Temple, . Commissioners George W. Clark and Ray Washburn. City engineers C.E. •Crownover and A.C. Collins wrote the grant application and provided the drawings, and P. V. Tozier provided supervision of construction, testing, and operation. . Local businessmen included: Gerhardt Leichnitz, owner of Leichnitz Engineering Plumbing and Heating, was a local subcontractor to the project. Other local businesses profited by providing most everything from construction materials (Yakima Cement), to office supplies (Yakima Bindery), and food and lodging 10 out of town contractors and officials (Commercial Hotel). . • Local citizen's included: Two elementary school principals, Misses Ruth Childs and L. Maud Bowman, witnessed first hand the social, educational, and physical changes in their schools and neighborhoods closest to Yakima Maple Street Incinerator •during the era of its construction. Their written recollections, and those memories shared by relatives of Joseph E. Appleby and Calmer C. Gordon, bring a human perspective to life in Yakima during the 1930's. . The names of the hundreds of WPA workers who built the incinerator, planted the grounds, dug the water, sewer, and irrigation lines, set the curbs, and built the streets, schools, parks and pools • • tie ecessary to bring Yakima into a more Modern' age, are buried in a forgotten file gathering dust somewhere. All around Yakima much of their work still stands, testament to their tenacity during desperate times.. The Yakima Maple Street Incinerator and Grounds is a visible marker of the legacy of . the generation who did not need a handout, only a hand up. • Also noteworthy in local history of the Yakima Maple Street Incinerator and Grounds is a group common citizens, who in 1949 organized a meeting to discuss with Yakima Mayor Buck the idea of developing the abandoned incinerator 's 10 acre site into a neighborhood park for local children and • families., Their actions reflected sentiments expressed in 1915, when the City approached local businessman W. L. Steinweg about the possibility of purchasing his privately owned .Sumach Park for a public park serving neighborhood youth and families: Though the idea had strong public support, the City turned down Steinweg's price as too expensive. • . Mayor Buck then worked with a citizen commission to designate the Yakima Maple Street Incinerator - and Grounds the, first City park outside the city limits, to be managed by the Metropolitan Park District. The next four decades saw the management and ownership of the park shift between the City, the Metropolitan Park District, back to the City Parks & Recreation department. • • YAKIMA REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES NOMINATION FORM City of Yakima Maple Street Incinerator and Grounds Continuation sheet: Significance Item 6 Page 10 of 11 IP Within the past fifteen years, W. L. Steinweg's dream for a public park on Yakima's southeast side has been realized. The most recent chapter in its history: Yakima Maple Street Incinerator site is now located in the 25 acre Kiwanis Park at Maple Street and Fair Avenue ... Yakima Maple Incinerator and Grounds is associated with the life of one person significant in national history, President Franklin Delano Roosevelt, the only man elected to four terms as the President of the United States of America. President Franklin Delano Roosevelt (FDR) served from January 1932 to April 1945. FDR had a New Deal to give jobless, destitute citizens a financial helping hand -up during the Great Depression. Roosevelt's first Administration (1933 -1937) began in the midst of The Great Depression, and in The First - Hundred Days following his inauguration, his cabinet embarked upon a course of New Deal .programs. Yakima Municipal Incinerator and Grounds is the product of two of these: Works Progress Administration and Public Works Administration. These programs brought municipal utilities and services into the 'Modern' age while employing'local citizens who would otherwise be on relief rolls. During FDR's Second Administration (1937 - 1941), the U. S. Supreme Court declared several New Deal measures unconstitutional. Despite the unfavorable legal decision, FDR had won the hearts of millions of citizens through social programs that had helped restore personal dignity to a destitute population. One such program was the Civilian Conservation Corps. FDR's CCC program important in the Yakima area and the nation. This program took unskilled, unemployed young men away from their cities and towns acro the nation and taught them forestry and firefighting skill in remote areas. CCC members lived, ate, trained,. ed, socialized, and slept in group settings, often in, the campgrounds that they built. All but $5 of their wages were sent home to help support their families. This program taught participants a trade, good work ethics, to take responsibility for themselves, and how to resolve interpersonal problems. This experience built a large contingent of self - reliant young men across America who understood how to take orders and work as a team. America went to war during Roosevelt's third Administration (1941 - 1945) on December 7, 1941 when the Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor. • Many former CCC participants enlisted in our armed forces, and came with an understanding of how to live in group settings and work as a team to get that job done. Roosevelt's fourth term was cut short by his death on April 1,. Communities around the nation have recognized WPA projects from stone walls to schools and prisons as valued historic assets and have taken steps to preserve those assets in memory of the FDR and the New Deal. • • YA` IMA REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES NOMINA1lOhB FORM 40 City of Yakima • Maple Street Incinerator and Grounds Continuation sheet_ Significance Item 6 Page 11 of 11 . • • At the end of the December 19, 1935 Yakima Daily Republic front page article announcing the purchase of ten acres of land at the corner of Maple street. and Fair avenue, cost $4,000, for the City's garbage incineration plant, is a small article entitled "Dependents of CCC Boys Benefit By $240,000,000- Robert Fechner Reports on Spread of payments to Members of Federal Camps ". According to Mr. Fechner CCC boys allocated the money to dependents when they enrolled. The workers were paid $30 a month, with most of them allotting $25 to their families, thus receiving only $S per month spending money. Fall and winter 1935 saw The Yakima Daily Republic featuring New Deal projects planned or in operation in the Yakima area. On October 11, 1935 the YDR announced "City Plans Garbage Incinerator ". Sharing space under that headline was an article announcing the Army officials had suddenly decided to close the CCC - reservoir snag clearing camps at Clear and Kachess lakes earlier than the Yakima reclamation project superintendent expected. "The camps originally contained 200 youths apiece, but there are now about 91 at . Clear lake camp and 110 at Kachess because part of the men completed their enlistments and went home..." { "CCC Camps At Lakes To Quit Work Oct. 15 ", pg. 1, column 3, Yakima Daily Republic, Oct. 11,19331 0. • • • • I YAKIMA REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES NOMINATION•FORM • Continuation sheet Item? — - -- — - -- Page 1 of 8 • .ibl ography United States Department of the Interior Geological Survey Department of Archaeology and Historic Preservation, 1063 S. Capitol Way, Suite 106, Olympia WA, Yakima County, Department of Assessor Website http://wWw.yakimacounty.us/aSsessor/proninfo/asr info.asp Yakima Washington Land Information Portal http://www.valcimap.com/serviet/com.esri.esrimap.Esrimap? name =... • City of Yakima, Public Works Division, Parks & Recreation Washington, D.C. National Archives and Records Administration, microfilm publication of Federal Works Agency. Public Works Administration Project File Docket Number Wash. 1252, Yakima Incinerator United States Patents Office Yakima Morning Republic articles relating to W.L. Steinweg's park June 2, 1908 to'July 13, 1908 • Yakima Daily Republic articles relating to Sumach Park November 5, 1915 to December 10, 1915 Yakima Daily Republic articles related to Incinerator dating from October 11, 1935 to January 9, 1956 Yakima Herald Republic articles related to Incinerator to June 16,2003 to 2010 Polk Directories for Yakima: 1923,1924, 1935, 1936, 1940 Yakima Valley Regional Library, Yakima downtown branch Our Yesterdays: A History of the Yakima Washington Public Schools and P.T.A.'s: 1885 -1956, sponsored by State Life P.T.A.'s, two copies of this book were typed and bound in 1956, Yakima Valley Regional Library Yakima WA, in the Reference (non - circulating) Section, R q370.9797 0. Apple City USA, Stories of Early Wenatchee, Bruce Mitchell of The Wenatchee World, copyright 1992,Chapter XII Sanitation: " `There's another dead horse in town and no place to put it', The Wenatchee Daily World reported on December 24, 1909 : ", pgs. 72 -75. Wenatchee Valley Museum & Cultural Center, 127 South Mission, Wenatchee, WA 98801 The World Book Encyclopedia: 1988 Edition, Copyright 1987, U.S.A., World Book Inc. The Bicentennial History of Pittsburgh and Allegheny County: Library of American Lives, Charles A. Locke, LL.B., Supervising Editor, Biographical, George Swetnam, B.A., B.D., M.Th., Ph.D. Historical Record Association, Pittsburgh, PA,' Towering Over America: An Illustrated History of Pitt-Des Moines, Inc., Jim Foster; Rich Lundgren, Copyright 1992, on file at the Library of Congress, International Standard Book Number 0- 89865 -837 -3 Carnegie Library of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Department, 4400 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 • Pitt -Des Moines Corporation Records, (1893 - 2000), Historical Society of Western Pennsylvania Archives, MSS 4341, 14 boxes ( boxes 1 -14); 7 linear feet, Carnegie Library of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Department, 4400 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 . • • The New York Times, Published April 21, 1931, Copyright, Edgar Boyd Kay Dead, Former Dean of Engineering at the University of Alabama, Washington, April 20 (AP). • Rensselaer'Polytechnic Institute, Research. Libraries, Institute Archives and Special Collections, Folsom Library, 110 8th St., Troy, NY 12180 -3590 USA History of Alabama and Dictionary of Alabama Biography, Thomas McAdory Owen Marie, pgs. 955 & 956.W Kay, Edgar Boyd. • • • YAKIMA REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES NOMINATION FORM • Continuation sheet Item7 Page 2 of 8 A Promising Field: Engineering at Alabama, 1837 — 1987, Robert J. Norwell, The University of Alabama Press, Tuscaloosa and London, 1990. 1883 Corolla:University of Alabama Yearbook, University of Alabama Library, Archives and Special Collections. The Worst Hard Time (The Untold Story of Those Who Survived the Great American Dust Bowl), Houghton Mifflin Company Boston New York Timothy Egan . • Documentation Table of Contents . • Letters: Russell Holter, Project Compliance Reviewer, State of Washington Department of Archeology & Historic Preservation, May 23, 2007 letter to Ms. Marguerite Austin. of IACOR, Log: 052307 -05 -IACOR Property: Upper Kiwanis Park Development, Re: Determined Eligible • • Exhibit Item • • File: • Washington, D.C. National Archives and Records Administration, rnicrofilm publication of Federal Works Agency Public Works Administration Project File Docket Number Wash. 1252, Yakima Incinerator (print copy of entire file available for inspection upon request) Exhibit Item • • ederal Works Agency, Public Works Administration , Project Files, Docket Number Wash. 1252, Applicant Yakima, Loan Grant $19,330.78, Project Type Incinerator Exhibit Item MSS -316 Washington State Library Manuscript #3 16, WPA doc IS -11, "A report on Community Progress" by Don Abel (not dated), pgs.272 to 285, copy mailed from OAHP on Sept.12, 2008 [available online @wash.state.library] Exhibit Item Drawings: . Public Works Administration Grant Application,City of Yakima: Proposed Garbage & Rubbish Destructor, Capacity 90 -tons in 24 Hours, August 1935, C. E. Crownover City Engineer: (1) Longitudinal Section, (2)Front Elevation, (3)Side Elevation, (4)Chimney Extension, (5) Charging Floor, (6) Stoking Floor Plan Exhibit Items Public Works Administration Grant Application, City of Yakima: Incinerator Site Elevations, two sets: • (1) Blueprints and (2) Black on White Exhibit Items Photegraphs: City of Yakima Maple Street Incinerator Plaque, City of Yakima employee Randy Murphy emailed photocopy • to Gerald and Betty Gaudette on July 8, 2007. • Exhibit Item •ty of Yakima Maple Street Incinerator photographs, Connie Little • Exhibit Item Smokestack Iron Door with Rust Engineering Triangular Logo, Connie Little, .Exhibit Item • • VAKIFtciA REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES NOMINATION FORM • Continuation sheet Item? -- -- — Page3of8 __ID . • Three photographs: (A) The Rust Engineering Company signage with Triangle Logo on building in Pittsburgh, (B)Twin Two- Hundred Foot Smokestacks, (C) Rust Engineering Dept. early 1900's, Historic Pittsburgh Image Collections, University of Pittsburgh's Historic Pittsburgh Image Collections Digital Research Library. Exhibit Item_ City of Yakima Maple Street Incinerator — interior and exterior Photographs taken by Randy Murphy 2009 • Exhibit Item_ Picture of early Pitt -Des Moines Incinerator plant in Beaver Falls, Pennsylvania, & text regarding A.J. Franco, head of incinerator department, final paragraph, Towering Over America, Exhibit Item Portraits: • William H. Jackson, 1868 - 1939, founder of Pitt -Des Moines Towering Over America, An Illustrated History of Pitt -Des Moines, Inc. ,pg.69. Exhibit . Item_ John E. Jackson, date unknown, Towering Over America , pg. 32 Exhibit Item John E. Jackson date unknown, The Bicentennial History of Pittsburgh and Allegheny County Library of American Lives, pg. 456, with text regarding his career with Pitt-Des Moines pg 455 -458 • Exhibit Item • Edgar Boyd Kay about 1883, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York Exhibit Item Edgar Boyd Kay, University of Alabama 1903 - 1912, Professor of Civil Engineering and Dean of Engineering Faculty {A Promising Field • Engineering at Alabama, Robert J. Norrell, The University of Alabama Press, .Tuscaloosa and London, 1990, pg 62 — 73 `This Symbol of Modernism'.] • Exhibit Item Edgar Boyd Kay, photograph and students' cartoons featuring Kay, 1903 Corolla,University of Alabama annual Exhibit Item_ Joe Appleby about 1938 — 1939, from son Vernon Appleby's family album Exhibit Item_ Ruth Childs, Principal Jefferson Elementary, Connie Little Exhibit Item • United States Patents: Applications and Mechanical Drawings E. B. Kay (deceased), Furnace, Patented June 30 1933, Application filed September 19, 1930, Serial No. • 483,071 Exhibit • Item • E. B. Kay (deceased), Furnace, Patented Aug. 4, 1931, Application filed Sept. 1, 1928, Serial No.303,534 • Exhibit Item E. B. Kay, Incinerator, Patented Jan. 29, l 929, Application filed June 10, 1924, Serial No.719,144 • Exhibit . Item E. B. Kay, Incinerator, Patented April 7, 1925, Application filed May 23, 1924, Serial No. 715,458 Exhibit Item 0 • • , . , • • . . . , . • • • ¥ANIMA REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES NOMINATION FORM Continuation sheet Item? Page 4 of 8 I D Obituaries: . . • Edgar Boyd Kay Dead, The New York Times Published: April 21, 1931 Exhibit Item_ Edgar Boyd Kay Dead, Washington, D. C. Star Published: April 21, 1931 Exhibit Item_ Joseph E. `Joe' Appleby, Yakima Herald Republic, March 12, 1984, pg 9A • Exhibit . , Item Phillis Eloma Haywood, Yakima Herald - Republic, July 28,2009 Exhibit Item_ Mary H. Gordon, Yakima Herald- Republic, February 15, 1984 Exhibit Item Ph©tne ®pied Official Form: • • . Calmer Carl Gordon's Federal Draft Registraion D.S.S. Form 1 (Revised- 4 -1 -42) Exhibit. Item Gerhardt W. Leichnitz United States Federal Census - .Ancestry Library (Ancestry .com) for years 1910[a], 1920[b], 1930[c], Polk Directory Notes local Plumbing engineering contractors Maple Street Incinerator[d] Exhibit. Item Periodicals . Yakima Morning Herald - June 27, 1908, pg. 1, " Steinweg's Canoe, Bank President Gets First in North Yakima" � (Will Use Craft on Lagoon Near Yakima River, in Property Recently Purchased.) Exhibit Item akima Morning Herald - July 3, 1908, pg. 1 & 2, "Beautiful Park Being Fixed by W.L. Steinweg, Y g, Five Acres is Being Transformed Now" (Banker Is Arranging Immense and Attractive Garden Spot Near City.) Exhibit Item Yakima Morning Herald - July 13, 1908, pg. ?, "Enjoy Sumach Park, Many People Find the New Pleasure Grounds In Good Condition." . Exhibit Item Yakima Daily Republic - September 7, 1915 pg. 2, "Good Sport and Speech At labor Day Picnic at Sumach Park" Exhibit Item Yakima Daily Republic - November 5, 1915, pgs. 1 &2, "Sumach Park Can Be Purchased For $25,000" • Exhibit Item Yakima Daily Republic - November 6, 1915, pgs. 1 & 7, `Business.Men Are.Anxious To See City Buy Park" . Exhibit Item Yakima Daily Republic - November 9, 1915, pg 3, "Business Men Urge City Officials to Accept Steinweg's Offer" Exhibit Item Yakima Daily Republic - November 9, 1915, pg 5, "Labor Council too Talk Park Plans Tomorrow" Exhibit Item Yakima Daily Republic - Nov. 11, 1915, pg 8, "Labor Men Wish City to Purchase Sumach Park" Exhibit Item kima Daily Republic - Dec. 10, 1915, pg 1, "Decline to Accept Owner's Value of Sumach Park" . Exhibit • Item YAKIMA REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES NOMINATION! FORM Continuation sheet _ _ Item? Page 5 of 8 Yakima Daily Republic - Oct. 11, 1935, pg 1 & 5, col. 2, "City Plans Garbage Incinerator" • Exhibit Item A_ Yakima Daily Republic - Oct. 11, 1935, pg. l col.3, "CCC Camps At Lake To Quit Work Oct. 15" Exhibit Item B Yakima Daily Republic - October 14, 1935, pg 2, "City Plans Shift In Garbage Work" (Tacoma Gives Aid) Superintendent of the Tacoma garbage dept. , at the request of Mayor George A. Smitley, turns over data and the ordinance passed in 1929 when garbage collection became a public utility in Tacoma) [Ordinance making collection public utility and fixing fees to be passed[`The City has made application to have a survey made with persons supplied through the local WPA office. This survey will include the number of homes and business houses in the city, the % of persons who are receiving fee garbage service and are. not property owners, and vacant property. '} Exhibit Item Yakima Daily Republic - November 15, 1935, pg 1, "Hoffman Approves Funds for Incinerator" • Exhibit Item Yakima Daily Republic - November 27, 1935, pg 2, "City to Open Bids Upon Incinerator On Dec. 9 (inspection of Tacoma Garbage incinerator & collection and billing info.) Exhibit Item_ 1 of 3 Yakima Daily Republic - November 27, 1935, pg 2, "Sewage Disposal Plant Underway "{Local WPA to furnish 350 men for huge project} federal $116,270, city $141,840 revenue bonds,complete July1,1936 Charles E. Crownover now 'former city engineer., P. V. Tozier will assist working out details in new dept. statistical work • Exhibit . Item 2 of 3 Yakima Daily Republic - November 27, 1935, pg 2, "Get Final Approval On Four County Road Jobs "[WPA, including Tieton Drivel Exhibit Item 3 of 3 Yakima Daily Republic - December 9, 1935, pg 1 &2, "Four Firms Bid On Incinerator" . [`City Pays $4,000 for Taylor Tract at Maple and Fair Avenues to Be Site'} (Pitt -Des Moines Steel Co. lowest of 4 bids, plant to consume 90 tons in 24 hr period) Exhibit Item Yakima Daily Republic - December 11, 1935, pg ?, "Mayor Asks For Removal Of Dump" [Mayor's letter "The City has formally adopted plans and specifications for the installation of incineration and sewage disposal plants. '} Exhibit Item • Yakima Daily Republic - December 19, 1935, pg 1 & 11, "City Will Boost Water Charges Exhibit Item _A_ "Dependents of CCC Boys Benefit By $240,000,000" Exhibit Item B Yakima Daily Republic - February 29, 1936, pg 2, "Incinerator Plans Arrive " - Chimney to Be 100 Feet High and Insured for 100 -mile Gale Exhibit Item Yakima Daily Republic - March 28, 1936, pg 1, "City Will Start Laying Concrete" • [City Engineer Arthur B. Collins... expects the Pittsburgh -Des Moines Co. to send a representative here in the next few days with plans and specifications for the garbage incinerator. WPA crews: Barge Street sewer system & sewer line in vicinity of Pleasant Avenue, 60 men assigned to each project. Commissioner George W Clark has started annual cleanup of city parks with the aid of 10 WPA workers first step, raking leaves from the central parking strip on Naches avenue. The $11,000 program will seed Washington Park with grass, develop a triangular tract at- Summitview and North eleventh avenues into a beauty spot, and placing new grass on Triangle park on West Yakima avenue.] Exhibit Item • YAKIMA REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES NOMINATION FORM Continuation sheet _ Item7__ Page 6 of 8 Yakima Daily Republic - April 4, 1936, pg ?, "Franco Arrives To Take Charge Incinerator Job" Exhibit Item Yakima Daily Republic - June 17, 1936, pg 3, "City Incinerator Plant 75 Per Cent Completed" Exhibit Item Yakima Daily Republic ? July 8, 1936, pg ?, "City's Garbage Incineration Plant Expected to Be Completed in Two Weeks" (Unsightly garbage dump south of the west approach to the Terrace Heights Bridge will have WPA crews remove the present garbage to the incinerator, after which this location will be used for disposal of automobile bodies and parts, and refuse which cannot be burned) Exhibit Item Yakima Daily Republic - July 21,1935, pg ?, "City Starts Firing For Its Garbage Incinerator Exhibit Item ,Yakima Daily Republic - July 28, 1936, pg ?, "Federal Survey Reveals Diversity of WPA's Jobs ", Washington (UP), { "Of the 3,000,000 individuals working on works progress administration projects last fall, 2,250,00 were unskilled The other 23 per cent were divided into 82 different classifications.] Exhibit Item Yakima Daily Republic- August 1, 1936, pg 2, "City Incinerator Undergoing Test" Exhibit Item Yakima Daily Republic - August 3, 1936, pg 2, "Beer Cans Remain Chief Problem at Incinerator" Exhibit Item Yakima Daily Republic - August 15,1936, pg 2, "City Officials Go On Tour" - Washburn and Tozier Study eration Wenatchee Garbage Plant - { Wenatchee incinerator in operation almost a year handicapped in 'rning garbage by the large number of tin cans. Cans also clog the and have to.be scooped out to �a�. permit the rest of the garbage to burn. Otherwise plant operates successfully.} Exhibit Item Yakima Daily Republic - August 19, 1936, pg 2, "Commissioners To Plan For Incinerator Test" Exhibit Item Yakima Daily Republic - August 25, 1936, pg 2, "Incinerator To Undergo Test Tomorrow Morning" (City Engineer Arthur B. Collins and City Sanitation Inspector P. V. Tozier inspected the Salem incinerator plant. In operation since 1927, this plant experienced considerable problems at first Salem has a city ordinance requiring separate containers tin cans and unburnable trash. Garbage is collected by a contractor at 75 cents per month, with 20 per cent of households on the scheduled route.) Exhibit Item Yakima Daily Republic - August 26, 1936, pg 2, "Incinerator Test Not Satisfactory" 1 - Check Under Direction of A . Franco Will Be Completed This Afternoon" Exhibit Item Yakima Daily Republic - August 27, 1936 "Firing Tests At City's Incinerator Continued - Jackson Asks Commissioners for Ordinance Requiring wrapping of Garbage ", pg 1 & 2 Exhibit . Item Yakima Daily Republic - September 9, 1936, pg 2, "Commissioners To Hold Incinerator Discussion" Exhibit Item Yakima Daily Republic - September 10, 1936, pg 1 & 2, "Incinerator Now Ready to Operate" - . Exhibit Item et kima Daily Republic - January 13, 1938, pg ?, "City's Equipment Ready to Start Activity For Spring" - ck's Busy at Present on Washington Park and Incinerator Landscaping Work Exhibit Item • YAKIMA REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES NOMINATION FORM Continuation sheet Item? Page 7 of 8 - -- -- -- - - - Yakima a Daily Republic November 20, 1941, pg. 1, "City Transforms Hay Baler Into Machine To Salvage Paper At Its Dump Grounds" Exhibit Item Yakima Daily Republic - April 23, 1942, pg 1, "Incinerator Will Close On May 1" Exhibit Item Yakima Daily Republic - January 26, 1949, pg 1 &8, "Long Idle Incinerator May Cause City Headache" " Exhibit Item Yakima Daily Republic - March 8, 1949, pg 1& 17, "Group Boosts Park Proposal ", (Citizens invite Mayor 1V K. Buck to meeting about turning incinerator grounds into park for S.E. & vicinity) Exhibit Item Yakima Daily Republic - October 9, 1952, pg. ?, "Kiwanis Club Assures Park "[a] Exhibit Item Yakima Daily Republic - October 9, 1952, pg. ?, City, Club Working Out Park DetaiIs[b] Exhibit Item Yakima Daily Republic - October 17, 1952, pg. ?, Announcements: Kiwanis Club Rummage Sale to Benefit Sumach Park & Playground[c] Exhibit Item Yakima Daily Republic - December 15, 1952, pg. ?, Club Acquires Site for Park, w /photo[a] Exhibit Item Yakima Daily Republic - December 17, 1952, pg. ?, (clipping, no headline) Kiwanis /Sumach[b] • Exhibit Item Yakima Daily Republic - January 9, 1956, pg. ?, Kiwanis Park Joined to City[c] Exhibit Item Yakima Herald - Republic - June 16, 2003, pg B 1, Landmark or Eyesore? Exhibit Item , Yakima Herald Republic - May 9, 2011 p y 2011, pg. 1, "Blight or Historical Site?" Exhibit Item • Yakima Maple Street Incinerator and Kiwanis Park Real Estate Information • Legal Documents: Ordinance No. B -1403 - City of Yakima adopted October 20, 1952 (establishing "Kiwanis Park ", transferring the property to the Metropolitan Park District of Yakima for use as a public park and playground) ( pages) Exhibit Item_ March 1, 1954 Lease - City of Yakima as Lessor, and Metropolitan Park District of Yakima as Lessee, sign a five year lease of the Maple Street Incinerator from March 1, 1954 to February 28, 1959. (2 pages) Exhibit Item Resolution C -1106- City of Yakima resolution to execute and deliver a quit claim deed (to Kiwanis Park) in the form agreed to, a copy thereof being attached, to the five year lease agreement with Metropolitan Park District (3 pages) Exhibit Item_ December 12, 1955 - Quit Claim Deed City of Yakima conveys and quitclaims to Metropolitan Park District Parcels A through Parcels K, including Kiwanis Park, with the express condition that the premises shall be perpetually used for public park and playground purposes only, and that in the event of abandonment of such use, the title to immediately revert to the City . Exhibit Item_ • December 12, 1955 - Ordinance No. B -1792 - City of Yakima Mayor and City Clerk authorized to convey (a list of) city parks (including Kiwanis) to the Metropolitan Park District Exhibit Item YAKIMA REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES NOMINATION FORM Continuation sheet Item? Page 8 of 8 ar el M a c Map of Range 19 Township 13 Section 20 NW 1/4, Showing division of Kiwanis Park divided into lots A, B, & C Exhibit Item • Subdivision Map of Range 19 Township 13 Section 20 NW 1/4, Showing Kiwanis Park surrounded by named Subdivisions and most parcels carrying the name of the property owner at the time of the maps' production Exhibit Item • Aerial Photograph Circa 1965 ( ?) of Range 19 Township 13 Section 20.NW 1/4, Showing Kiwanis Park and the Yakima River separated by the beginning Freeway development, Lynn Buchanan, pilot /photographer Exhibit Item Aerial Photograph Circa 2010 of Range 19 Township 13 Section 20 NW 1 /4,.Showing Kiwanis Park, ballfield development, Freeway, Walmart, Greenway, and Yakima River, Lynn Buchanan', pilot, photographer Exhibit • Item 1908 Parcel Map of The City of North Yakima Washington — Compiled by J.O. Greenway, Civil Engineer, 207 Miller Building, North Yakima, Washington, Publishing Co. Exhibit Item • Oral History: _Profile ofJ. E. Appleby: S. Dakota 'Exoduster' to Yakima 1936 WPA Ditch Digger Exhibit Item d eflection on Conversations with Phillis Gordon ( ) Haywood: Child of the Great Depression Exhibit . Item • :. • • • • • • 'YAKIMA IREGi S ER OF HISTORIC ?LAC C P',..A,..ES NOMY _IalATl!ON FORM Reflection on Conversations with Phillis (Gordon) Haywood: A Daughter of the Great Depression An Oral History Item number • Page 1 of .. 3 • Phillis (Gordon) Haywood's Memories of the Yakima Maple Street Incinerator and Grounds In the summer of 1996, a Catholic volunteer youth group, Young Neighbors in Action, was resetting the front porch posts on the historic Ida Powell house in Southeast Yakima. As they worked, a car pulled to the curb, parking in front of the house. An older woman got out, and introduced herself as Phillis Haywood. She thanked them for working on 'her house', saying that as a child she lived across Union Street from the now historic home. She was so pleased 'her house' was being set straight that she went home to get a picture from her family album to share with the volunteers... • Phillis Haywood did return, not with one picture but with two. The first was of herself as a five year old in 1936, with a salad -bowl haircut , wearing a cotton dress and sturdy oxford shoes. She is facing . . • south, looking down Union Street with her hand over her heart. The front porch and yard of the Ida Powell house provides the background. The second photograph was of her twin brother, Phillip Gordon. He is standing barefoot and barechested in the.same spot wearing a pair.of overalls with one shoulder strap unbuckled, dangling a small, naked babydoll by its foot. Again, Ida Powell's house and grounds provide the backdrop. Phillis explained that the photographs were taken when her family lived at 207 S. 8th St. She and • Phillip loved the house across the street, and always imagined that Ida Powell house and grounds wa, • their home. The children had asked for their pictures be taken in front of it. • • The home they had rented at 207 S. 8th Street was demolished in the late sixties or early seventies. When asked if she had any pictures of that home, she said she did not know of any, but she supposed it might also have been considered historic. Speaking about other historic properties in the neighborhood, Phillis mentioned she had long wanted to see the Maple Street Incinerator recognized as having historic significance. She said the incinerator was one of her favorite buildings. • it reminded her of her father, Calmer Carl Gordon, because he had worked at the incinerator when they lived at 207 S. 8th Street. She had memories.of. him leaving for work, walking•down Spruce Street every morning carrying a tin lunch pail. Her mother often would pack a picnic basket and walk the children down to eat their lunch with him on the grounds. Phillis said she thought about those times everytime she drove past the incinerator and Kiwanis Park. She loved the building because of those memories: Living on S. 17th Street just below Viola, Phillis travelled Fair Avenue into town often, and • always admired the smokestack and brick building, playground and landscaping as she passed back and forth. . Years later when Kiwanis Park improvements were uder discussion, there was consideration of demolition of the Maple Street Incinerator. Phillis-Haywood called to share her disgust with that concept. She was offended at the thought of its demolition, and thought it should be recognized,for it • history and the times. She was unable to make a public. statement,, but wanted her opinion known. •- [Author 's note: When research on the Maple Street Incinerator got underway, I ca /led Phillis hoping to get more detailed information about her father and the work he did at the Maple Street Incinerator., Our conversations were brief due to timing or health issues. Phillis Eloma Maywood passed away peacefully on July 2.1,' 2009. J • • • • • g'Alfllh!tiA 'REGISTER 0=i HISTORIC- PL NOMINATION FORM ACES NOMINATION ,_ ORM Reflection on Conversations with Phillis (Gordon) Haywood: A Daughter of the Great Depression Continuation sheet Item number - Page 2 of 3 • Phillis Haywoods interest in historic structures and love for the past provided for our research project the clue to the identity of a WPAemployee at the Maple Street Incinerator that has surfaced to date. Somewhere a long forgotten file exists holding names of all WPA employees who -built the Maple Street Incinerator or landscaped the grounds. Following the thread of five year old Phillis Eloma (Gordon) Haywood's memories and information provided in her obituary, and researching public records with the assistance ofYakima Valley Geneological Society librarians, we have found some of following information on Phillis Haywoods' father. Fu blic Records Profile of Calmer Carl Gordon • Calmer Carl Gordon was born August 6, 1885 in Colfax, Whitman County in Washington Territory. Calmer C. Gordon died in Seattle, Washington on September 28, 1949. • His father and brother Merrit (21) in the 1910 Census worked as hired hands on a farm in the South Precinct of Whitman County in the state of Washington... Calmer's name was not found in the 1910 Census. Calmer Gordon married Mary Harison June 27, 1918 in Colfax. (Mary H.Gordon obit.) • The 1920 Census finds brothers Calmer Gordon (35) and Merrit Gordon (30) living in Kennewick, Benton County , Washington. The brothers are living as neighbors, each with his wife and daughter. They are both working in the Produce Store Retail/Wholesale Warehouse. Merrit is a salesman , and Calmer is a laborer. Yakima Polk directories provide several addresses for Calmer C. Gordon from 1931 through the early 1940's. Most of these are in Southeast Yakima: 10 S. Naches (1931), none found (1934), S 14th St • RD1 (1935), 207 S. 8th St, (1936), E. Beech extended RD1 (1938), E. Beech near S. 13th St RD1 (1939),.15 S. 4th Ave (1940), 1114 S. 7th St (1942). • With the start of World War II, December 1942, all men born on or after April 28,1877 and on or before February 16, 1 897 were required to register with the federal government. On his registration card, Calmer Carl Gordon listed his place of residence as: Route 1, Culman Park , Yakima, Wash , and • his mailing address as the same. Under Employer's Name and Address C.C. Gordon wrote: WPA Air Port. , and Place of Employment or Business: Yakima Yakima Wash. There is no date on D.S.S.Form 1 (Revised 4- 1 -42). It is likely that Calmer Carl Gordon filled this registration card out sometime in 1943, . - There is a gap occuring in Polk information between 1943 through 1947 on the Calmer C. Gordon family. .Mary Gordon appears in 1947 and again in 1949 as a maintenance woman for the Larson Building, residing at '1425 S.8th St. 'Information from Mary H. Gordon's obituary (YHR 15 Feb 1984) refers to her as "ferrttierlS7" f 5f 506 , Pair Avenue ". • 40. . • • • • • • • • YAKIIY.,A REGISTER OF HISTO RC PLACES NOr DIATION FORM Reflection on Conversations with Phillis (Gordon) Haywood: A Daughter of the Great Depression • Continuation sheet Item number Page 3 of 3 • . Comments and Reflections on Relevence The profile of WPA worker Calmer Carl Gordon is significant in its representation of the hundreds of common citizens living in Yakima and the state of Was hington during the Great .Depression. A common man with no discernable profession, coming from a farming background in Colfax, Calmer worked as a laborer in the produce industry in Kennewick in 1920 supporting his family of three. Then came the crash of the stockmarket in 1929, changing life in the U.S. as citizens knew it. Around 1931, Calmer Carl Gordon has relocated his family to Yakima and is the manager of Honeyed • Products . The family has grown from three members to five with the birth of twins Phills and Phillip. • The Polk Directory records demonstrate a series of at least seven moves between this first address at 10 S. Naches, and the last Yakima address in 1942. Looking only at this statistical data in relation to the era of the Great Depression, it appears that the Gordon family is struggling to maintain a stable roof over a growing family. The pattern of bank failure, loss of fortunes and property, unemployment, food lines, and despair were endemic for this era. Yet Phillis Haywoods' memories of the time spent at 207 S. 8th Street were good. She and her brother fantasized that the large house on a one acre lot was theirs, and they imagined themselves to doing all • kinds of things there. She remembers her dad working regularly, and the family picnics joining him lunch. �. The records show that the Yakima Maple Street Incinerator was built in a few months in the summer of 1936. It was a time the family could feel proud: they were not on government Relief. Calmer Carl .Gordon was a working man again; able to support his family. Phillis remembers him working there for several years, as a garbage man. Looking at the variety of addresses for the family in the Polk directories, most of them would have been within walking distance to the incinerator. The Yakima Maple Street Incinerator was officially closed on May 1, 1942. In the announcement in the April 23, 1942 article about its closure, it is stated that at least two employees will be "let go ". Calmer Carl Gordon's residential address on the 1942 registration form is not found in the Polk directory. He gives his age as 56 years, and his employer as WPA, and work address at the Air Port. It appears that Calmer C. Gordon may have been on of the two incinerator employees to have lost his job when the City closed the facility. Calmer Carl Gordon died in Seattle, Washington seven years later. In.1949, his age would-have been about 63. Phillis and Phillip would have lost their father when they were around 18 years old. Phillis attached good memories in hard times to the place her father helped to build, and the grounds, and later played on the equipment installed in Kiwanis Park. Mary Gordon's last known address, 506 Fair Ave, catty -corner across from the playground and incinerator at Kiwanis Park, was demolished. The Maple Street Incinerator, its smokestack , mature landscape, and the park that developed around • became a monument to the ability of common men to prevail in hard times, and a government progra that gave struggling citizens a hand up. • Author: Maud Scott, SENIC Research Team member • P lk Directory Notes local Plpn ling engineering contractors 4110 • Ter Maple Street iincinerator 1923 C Gerhardt Leichnitz [Hurley & Leichnitz] Sunnyside Roomer 1924 -1925 '" Gerhardt W Leichnitz and Elsie M [Leichnitz &Hurley]• 209 N 21st Ave Yakima, WA 1926 -1929 Gerhardt W Leichnitz ,Treasurer and Manager of Fuel Oil Heating and Lighting Co., and Elsie M [Hurley & Leichnitz] 313 N Naches . 1930 7 1940 Gerhardt W Leichnitz and Elsie M 2506 W Chestnut RD2 1931 -1933 Leichnitz Engineering No partner [Plumbing and Heating] 117 or 14EASt Relatives • Alfred R and Gertrude Leichnitz, Welder 1931 1302 S 16th Ave Robert L Leichnitz, Helper 1931, Clerk 1934, Mechanic 1935, Serviceman 1936, Steam fitter 1940 2506 WChestnut RD2 Richard.A Leichnitz Student [son ?] 1935 2506 W Chestnut RD2 • 1936 Gerhardt W Leichnitz [Leichnitz and Johnson Engineering, Listing under Plumbers: Steam and Gas Fitters] and Elsie M 2506 W Chestnut PARTNER I 1924 -1928 Hurley, James A [Pres /Sec Leichnitz and Hurley, Fuel Oil, Heat and Power] and Margaret A 205 Margadella Apartments, N 4th St and Yakima Ave 1929 808 S 18th Ave • PARTNER II •- 1936 Raymond and Florence E Johnson 508 N Naches • 1940 •. 41 S 9th Ave . • •- • • • 1910 United States Federal Census = AncestryLibrary.com Page 1 of 2 e• • • • 1 Iurnc Search Charts and Forms • 1f1 All 1.910 United States Federal Census Results • • • Page Tools • 1.910 United States Federal. Census !' Report Image 'Problem' • Name: gacharct W r_eichrefiP.t — ..._.. l.t View printer- friendly, • [Gerhardt gar L &pchrnitz ,EGsichard 1 Lelohrakl! • Age in 1910: 27 i • Estimated Birth 1883 . _ • Year: • • �...: View or BirLhplace: Germany image Relation to Head Lodger View bl of House: form • Father's Birth Germany • Place: • Mother's Birth Germany • Place: • • Home in 1910: Toppenish, Yakima, Washington Marital Status: Single • Race: White Gender: Male • Year of 1884 • immigration: • Neighbors: View others on page • Household Name Age Members Nicholas T Stent 55 Benjamine J Cale 41 James Balch 42 Thomas Meagher 40 Gerhardt W Leichnik 27 • Albert A Kern 22 • Source Citation: Year: 1910; Census Place: Toppenish, Yakima, Washingtc Roll: T624 Page: 159; Enumeration District: 0295; Image: 887; FHL. Number: 1375688. Sosirce Information: Ancestry.com. 19.10 united States Federal Census r, a! linej, Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.corn Operations Inc, 2006: Original data: Thirteenth Census of the United States, 1910 (NARA rnicrofilr • • 1920 United States Federal Census - AncestryLibrary.com Page 1 of 2 a:7 C2S1 11(qnc Search Charts and Forms )11 All 1920 United States Federal Census Results Page Tools • 1920 United States Federal Census • Report Image Problem • Name: Gerhard W Lb View printer-friendly 17,:Gfs".rhref w Lech . I Horne in 1920: Sunnyside, Yakima, i I • • Washington Age: 35 • Estimated Birth abt 1885 Lk view of Y.ear: . image Birthplace: Germany View bl • Relation to Head Self (Head) form of House: [Head] • Spouse's Name: Elsi M Leichnitz • Father's Birth Germany • Place: Mother's Birth Germany Place: Marital Status: Married • • Race: White • Male • Home owned: Own • Year of 1885 immigration: Able to read: Yes • Able to Write: Yes Neiohbors: View others on page • • Household Name Age • Members: Gerhard W Leichnitz 35 . Elsi M Leichnitz 34 Robert W Leichnitz 6 • Richard A Leichnitz 2 • Robert Liebig 65 s.Durce CitatiOn: Year: 1920;Census Plate: Sunnyside, Yakima, Washingto Roll: /625 1945; Page: 179; Enumeration District: 205; Image: 999. • Source Information: • Leichnitz - 1930 United States Federal Census - AncestryLibrary.com Page 1 of 2 1110 Home Search .Charts and Forms /\:111 ' 93O -Li L.) ?c7 b a r dr 7 r „ „ Matches 1-4 of Sorted By Retevance "Leichnitz" tE2c : — 1 "• 17 .:CV''" : 71.P fResicsrce:, "Washington, c rf n USA" View Elsie M Gearhart East Summitview, a Record Leichnitz •W Yakima, or Start a new search Washington View Gearhart Elsie M East Summitview, a - e 7 . -- 70 1, .A. 1 by Record W Yakima, Ce Leichnitz Washington • View Robert Gearhart East Summitview, a Record W W, Yakima, Leichnitz Elsie M Washington Ycli brqw , View Richard Gearhart East Summitview, a th eSu'U1 Record F W, Yakima, re ill Leichnitz Elsie M Washington Browse Individual Results per page: 50 1-4 of 4 Records O1 . U.;777., .5 FEDERAL CE: Containing records for approximately 123 4110 • • • - _l• - .(. ` : >'.�.. .:, 9'".?.'.:;C71�' .ro., f`'1`i� —,• .:.rrp...; :.•�,, , r� 0 rii ' �L ��' K � s t r X ' { ;', Fg "'" .y1 ilk ' ,. - t ~ . r + — ` �i 1 �. ( , � rte. �l _ I��, . �. s S� • S ' ',t l7 w } t : r Tn r.:„. �_ } a : ' <,..._ • • . • - ) •^r t .K. +� ?. • 1 .. t . r 1 � V �� z�:+ la t ' • • - •- l�/ 1�, (ttl � \ • �y l � �l lJl , 'l /1 • ; I' { j j .y,r MII'r (VlA •' Nell +i l.�+t.•� _� ./ • }x '• • i ` t et, • w. ' 'n. y + r .'.-r . ` "'.!I 1. i " . ) 'I 1!!M®BTAr3 AunA � � i 'u • - > ,'_ i ' t- :`0thr. Aprl) 'Q^-- (Ar.),Tm_ • r ' • `" t l (,c.....;', �. " rt 4 1F iY, r t tr. '- • reienre of 20 hentngeN .bell L , I F {� I ll , � I 1. ] ,, y r t r :voiq�l fe elntnnot svhleft rw a, ( 1° • , 1 . j .'t '* r �\ry At " ` •' •b efhrnma w ere nnbd Ro $�nvo r 4 � e E�,1 ' ii .1• `` a y ' rt i3r191nh �nM la •_ti " ,' w ry .',......0,.,.„ t t . Ll ' - 3 •r'1 . ' I ^� olr N,ind'eaa TO mid an stilt, Pin- i ,.. `; r "'') ) +. msis•e, etvn ordered.ttadny by Rho • '? t • '., -- �J f ; }( - _ t " r � e - CdOarrlaaa In RBelr •exend eanclli• :l+tf C7FEFt c�hct ?. B& •M ro ._ te erg h :..,, �� , , , . lielw•e ("Ay n �)Ctt9tQfka (31 ' ; ' A 'c;m..' ( P,k,. • :emir- - - - . ;;ii," g �+ ?rl� w �It3 ®ntrs>4ats Lyndon, 'April 23-- (• • t. : 1t •' / n 'II C r't7 .R lior g e 0teehhelm, Sweden, April as their .weather -lntt erupted • objectives in the Rhin.,lan va in• ' , � ° .�& �8�'r, r I : (EJ1 ° )— ° wo+vncen o£ twmborr Q � ''m t 77 �+��� "wpP1 ever Coprnharon shortly ministry announced today. t ti? P ri fler midnight In the tint nt- Germane Admit Cosunitlea A; t k' x' T , The Yakimr municipal f!erbage inch on tho• Danish croltnl elnce Four' of the attacking airc mi r � + 4 • incinerator will be shut down nbouj wl t4 . W . 1 7 ''. c. - " y. 7890, rind teero mot by • are missing, it said. Map. 1, the cFty cpmrrllsalon' dis Held- nlrcrnft .tiro which sent 50 The raids followed the two-1 „ l } ,.; ,�:2 clos hia,aftei-rtoon. Officials said p2rooroc to hoapltnin, It w en ro ' smash on Boulogne by commar ° ew N,r i " iahe w•n :would ;r early yesterday and the spirt' iFF I t „ tflnilely . o 't continue In- ortesi her teeny. attack marked England's ccicl F` "Y t r '„ • i - 1'wo ,reasons tie b^hind the de- 'i•BCTl3.". 3L.a,"Au6 7PotaT lion of the day of her patron sa o I ,, 0 t . eision to halt inClnrr for 'o rrfr _ • wenobing'tonrtpril- 3 - $t; - Geo rge; - -- ---• -- _. ° + ., f ` v H lions, the commission int`jlcattd. — %t medium nl od lUnitod 6lntea A Berlin radio broadcast q1 y nt v t hThey are: 1] 1 the incinerator needs rnrrrhnnt vanel Ink bsen tor- ing DNB said British planes str generaI n p2dord off the Atfentle count, at western and southwestern ( , k t ' g amount ti ►n envy nnnouncod talny but many last 111, g • ` :' otrrN.ise is A,�a po l g damagin t put Into nn er eE a d a rt den tai areas and Bht cousin civil r ' d)are ' estro ed when mount of paper which could. the incinerator is under Its } t_i D ' own power. 1 <0 other casualties. It said five rate "y ‘ I , �- operated. • - information war. given out here. were'ahot down. ''.`!;',":7-1l• � ° r 't dr t "' Garbage can • r satisfacto - 1) be ' Irlag Continues .. andlcd at the city dump. There is � ^A1ftT OILiAS1' Neavy guns on• the Eng'' r s k no reason why • r ... • hunglrinc, F ri) S3 IAIP , �:,1 � Y great supplies t of p ( ) — nr coast—emplaced both ��, .. "; +t pa s ou be burned when they • Hasa troopo drIvtnr up the counter German long range ar + r "z = 115 w H it „• _ ' p could be Of 1S 1�1ld commission - alwern river enll2 In oaalona lery and challenge German sl y Uv 4 _ '' r 4 r: ers said: fav `not ued the ^sty - town ping— boomed- ncrosa Dover •sti :ar`• a -"' will be'released by the shut -down . ?..oiknw' 9rom Chine" defend about midnight and continued l' -- k'r During 1947, the incinerator or on duoad °Y evonla�, n Chl- ing at frequent intervals for air handled 4564- truckloads of gar- :J12n R m n n r'ny roerntolque n 30 minutes. 4 bage, while the city dump was ._ nounctd tent ht. Anti- aircraft and aerial r -: • .... • . f • ' . ceiving 11,110 truckloads of other chine gun firing sounded brit r" of this picture. But, regardicsa'of Its "reveal= debris. The city's annual ijeport ` -_ ,•�-, along the Thames estuary ea mg center's medical facilities. Wit he'slty fora indicates that 2078 dead thrimgls 1 \ !�°�,��'`°� �''�j iU," this morning and a few nazi pia pedals a foot-drill while 'he work•'... a- soll4ier's were cremated at the incinerator '''``It,''= '0.1 1 �" '" Pt'c, g I a� r�l; �.� ✓ t fit, ov er a southern En land..' -by ready - to - assist : - Republic- Photc. - during the s. _, t` co as t al arca last night. but s__, C Year.' The e r a ports indicated that there was - strayed 56.980 Cubic a of ref F bomb f �. - r n use •in 3941 o rations: Grvttntf� ) 11) bomb damage in either incident •• to • " 3 4''1 -- II r t .9111 a boutt" the incinerator'have bt+en ro J • J + i � t ' _ L ' y � -, -r _ • l' ' yt well plrtnted rind maintained the �'` 1. lace ranks n small ra , 4 3—(AP/—A rti � � ricf f A b or hnod park f ©r •tit s` - 1C� F AG+g t t —(A it •�.:' J; I, , � " i 11 b , � f�F2;hj �-.�i . AA��QfiI� plan s : r }.. ' ., � Sx. %• �3 D�i4 £4 New York; April 23 (AP)— " "' - +R"'•'' �'rii�tiuti _ 4 the closing executive session of Spokane -f. ar ana s 'noon- con mu . i six .annua conv on, . its pilot. +; GS( 70i1t }t iGD fi? t"a t 1ir7r �Jld; 'A,r'o~l,�. t heir series of . rrtcial Y vv. ita 13r programs American Newspaper Publisht Cormellly c oma '�• y Sheriff T :xo1: , r�tme ., r' . peviue,. April 23 — (Ap) - nttle Ne- association today adapted a re: " .: ..W„ Clark said Pvt. 1Nil- �°` j' at :their meeting. lotion to Predde t Ramey. n ' oreead Saauirc: d the place of the 1 g • g • '' :"t]eIF':: 1 ricultur!tl lima. Mitehe fort Case war s edgin our it t .• 1 1, Gtpt. Joe . advise &IL?+•ti' na ct 3Eilts 7 Negro tract i1( the present world swervin support s d ; . com miLteY of t he slate George Peters stint+, g pport to.our.commat ` 'detenat'cotiricil w111' consider pro " "1Patrleh were injured test s n ht, 'at' Weed half, he er in chief in this hour of Flatlet /erns pertaining . to. agricultural night when an Automobile driven t °Jil,.anake n similar address to the crisis and 'our wiYlingness as in I Hirsch, production -in ttrnt! of war In .en by Michell hit a truck driven by members of his own race. viduals to share in all respon • st Eck, was de- all -day' conference' at the sha J nY Crrrol1 Su a bout h1 1f • '1 �Cial:d � i$ l er enc es a to a large irritposedhich American the,endnth age burned ar motion received' here by J. Vin- wi b o commerce' Saturday, rotor - ix f mile no rth of here. ,i. ell's h extent responsible for the conflict victory shall be achieved and fr ,__ �_ fe, r, .fo 'er Annrnrtn ..Lt • •till prove mo K: fir, 7.43)71cj ,t`1 .,Jt> I aft t•:, to tint* t iCrr;•, 7.1`0 nnnr•urn'Rnrnt < ^,d A }i �n r,r lnrm} Ihnn to ti 1'nklmn 'and dti'clla �i'aD.i High 511. ccf P : nt'IC co ^ct crmtrd YZn-r ;nc to rrtmrtn rs ac - ■ meirw7ht lr.. n Sth our a t i a { 'z•:.rr 1 -`10.1 -; frays tie 'tio+- the dl nuratnren the Freer-71 .7m.. ti't . . „, any co me :school football tc'+mn. Zdnying .^itr9 2!cet Styr• 6••.^� ^•� 0 ^9;eirnmitm has art)uirreed to ^F- t enemy outpmtn.4lrtr 1Pnditlorti1 Z7u.rtkn!iclkC�lc �'ctr+�al,.m. &: r . and tit :rrmr!i cr•r- day Innthnll i onnl . 4hUcti to ncorc' •ac " c't4rhen =Ariel• 9t' go* o ;'t,r- Etrtt r4rrstn of Nit ler In rc•vr.mr °ItGt+tl.y r.' r i acne tekrn IdurinC t , a goi R{tinrtrr, shire I.•t0:1,1,,•, `.,f '1he.i„y ®I kytflltt ryrtE''„0!o.N., -)r„4 (torn ht, iN "tn- • morn 1s• wan 7$ ldelecnt.• r 1 na nrpr+c.•. The tits,.- I rndrd With' \S'nllr. '�1l'nlln hnvina _ R' { t *•t ^te)., [�nrrn1 o Prom-, 'IN.!' ( "tort ,• •nr , v fn situ- ter deli on Ynkirnc nc yard ' Afnrn, thy, to p^nnttt,nc C.rrntn - ' Ulhrr of s I rcng1 h. Zinc. A ctto d of abrnit 15C0 I / ' , ,'j'' "'" (7,454e..1, 4 i t t melt } - (rash wulhnnf� cn.' t rtt! 'soft h s�t • 'Wide Aurhinleek cheered the playa. Judging by; ;Ihe. m ' s' ldt nl for pmtiatOR� of Gcrtrutn e r n . Sir Alan Gordon the first quarter, Vt'nlla �l'alln has l,�F>' $$ 1 �? ""'? Ih ^'nvmirtur tlerta rrtnnulaclu o j, �i71 , it'e MR Cif.' a bell- the stronger Buenos A.1 result then. ' mitre south of M sstul SI mtcgic ap- _ Aires N. 2 � fl;>Pt_ A Y a reports IiOJi! troo r Ire � Argentine I.lnt� it poet' towards Fr.trtcr th nd F r soloed positions F' ntJne im • � S! 'K ��r Arge tlon authorities • is bring reviewed .and roads u the alts ant,+sr. t ` ( Ill ., :�..J;f Ar tem arrested eight Attpan2 c t- for economic assistance all plsna ten \I p core -6 :Re?..•r tempting to "enter nee to French oACOw radio s ends on the battle a 26 . pelt r r Amminn ille- North Afncn are suspend Akron 21; Carroll •, °2. Y , t .'?otetlaa ire 1`dLslDnes prof . I1 ' Brown 7; Rufpers foes. At WAS VIZ II ''c+ they ,ne a rcmnlns to sera to what o • from Erna il. further extent littler er .g ^odll Attempt f j' �, � es ^�ge�T1 to take over sove 1 i 1- r f t� t .. •• • Iy department o[ pry �, t ' J 1 i + . . � t f. r +,1{ � � I ^! r 1 ti hospital today g day A n •`�r Iti" a ` ,, � -' I , " 7 11 \l', 4�i D �CIY. Nov. �4�� ; '] 1 "*'^t gn iinent of Son. ;t q� • 41 , . ; . `'t . ' i,Mi , , ,, N er • d e l gen :n l Al ckntthree vIcinily. As ati of:.Yakimr., is ith the co - ti b $'when the entire city con. rims, stovepipes. tmbrokeq,dl es, n c by the is morn`n g. a 6- born al defense pivgrtvn of paper con- So " fast this month, Yakima has mistake. pottery, The utensil thrown out by tonight. ncc boy servation. past of delegate s. Robert Denslow. Out" at the •darn ahlOPeen 34 •� .grounds of holed abolished- A permac r a irl,. wei din p grounds near paper• Sanitatio .n divialrin -off . Db ou wonder whets that good g g the Terrace . Heights bridge, estimate the lnonthly•totals of •re- ca rving knl c •tsappe j + -- -" you lot general JL Jif will ru i i untie; born to there's a machlno":thdt looks like a clniincE;• thi n. a psis n c on, p, 'ern Ogden. Rube Goldberg cartoon- lnventdon. a ed_nnc,.whlte.garba a up by the You threw ft Into the gar. n mi n nd prison camp, stets were born bage.trucY,s will bale bucket under the sink?: cotnthtittde 1n s But it works It life "es an. average nearly 30 toms: • •- . Qkeh --the, chances are s chlr a ungstcrs 6 pounds, old ,faihioned :hay. baler: Then the Pap.r is not • the only .material one of the sharp-eyed good tent • �Yronr9t,i s made 4r. and Mrs: Rich• city - department.:ot sanitation" ob- :salvaged by the city' after.. rest- Snagged eyed :attendnnta: Gefs made. he Yakima county ttalr►ed' 11, made.some structural re, `dente 'lheve thrown.. It away, for thegsanitation.,�truck s bble tivlien 'o E4ench We ®t Africa t t --pound. 1 -ounce visions and it to work baling cnllec ss•.- rubblsh. Ilia city load.at "the dump , • - ' . its to . . • Dakar la`altuated. 1 \lrs. Jim Gibson, Paper lam • hospital. Bity:..aviy •should the rlty o e p is a very ordeslyTfic The paper_sa rd6e newest 1'' of the months a o a e g tythien "g that comes =.in 15 c les•^,1 salvage angle+ ;: �� . �SY•h de► ► 7d 0CV the:.cit r ; t r R 1 per =k g b4tclLies3 . glad rutd dumP!'d In , rxrte#r! aite>;s It`s:j�so new' o ' • ' afternoon in St. T'i is *+ri eY, in;it. "r'st )p3per The r 411 ls'aorted snd r s >lt ; o gaye I tcogin,: 14 . • 20 . offal. 'They 'were hnn Ch. • netltro.•=r' va ge- ttau'ket .of ra+ociia value" 1s s r Will ba ely, eattata «oy .l ety .i.yq, '. Fa $nom ttdll ; be �tbftrloyt9 ns 5 pounds 10 value 7CrjtQ, the se sale ;prior" fa flu tle,i�stws ." t'r � "'rrD 't irl, tcho'tti'et hod hA w. � lt fs 1 t will` � � 1CFV r n B ft stilly , hlgls loup .to justif in : mol ah>!aa np colectlon ac creasing costs of ttl ' p I w ag e ounces, born' to 'Aldt dieldtltiln ' Hhlix4r b y t J I n their used 'cunttlleQi^n tootle =dlte!.- cegc ibf anon, afxoiti ng to:iffArlgor *I,r 0 � :r :!-fill of. Tieto r, ,p^ ,.r- i . • ' r '1 > r cr "e "df tpftG R11 . 1:' Pi !hc 1 I til c , g t r • Aw.i., " Yom,. z... • Y",,; ` 'ril,!l , '• #"fi<,.R,' -,4. •..1: ,W, g ,,; tttt ?k$ yw>7 " • Q . • /...c /, Da 1 //. ,u.'% ; h a. r A)O 1 Pfif�✓ 1 b --r� 0 .4 .9 -.1 i ' . ti n .. �:... > . 0 19 , . , • . REGISTRATION CAP.0—(Nfee Ite!t1 eft: enr Ant Awl `,% Ztri gi! rt ieferv, teAvmy Z6, h747) ...-....-- -,-,_......-,......:.........:.-..z.,__,....= - ------ o er rili:kil vi..3)tui7: , ,. :1 fm.5,,,q ' . i v el. 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A ' „f.:ot ...^1 g, :Jo% ,o• , A 0 i . ,,, , • - ,, , s. ,e;.,:, . 4 f .AZi f .#7,7 ,... „6 2 1 40 . ' i %Y..- ......•414 "I' le)--*Per_r. ....'• - ' ' '' ''' , . f .............. ,, „ • , '. 4, ' (Ittiff4K 4 ;. (l.....erp (Pa Tattsgro. e• ow al* - .. • III Yakima Herald- Republic: Tuesday, July 28, 2009 Ph,?Ths Do = 723Wnoe 4 ., „.., ,4‘,. ,• . ';'' ' • Langevin- Mussetter Funeral Home YAKIMA - Phillis Eloma Haywood, 78, of Yakima, passed away peacefully on Friday, July 24, 2009. She was born on January 1, 1931, along with her twin brother, Phillip, to C.C. and Mary (Harrison) Gordon in Yakima. She married Richard R. Haywood on August 13, 1949. Together they raised three sons, Bill, Dan, and Don. She took great pride and pleasure in her family, canning and baking bread along with other goodies on a weekly basis. She even made the family's soap every year. This fireball of a woman confirmed that dynamite really does come in small packages. Along with being a devoted wife and mother, she spent most of her Life in the Yakima area working in the hops and as a packer for George Joseph. She is lovingly survived by her husband of almost sixty years, Richard Haywood, and their sons: Bill and his wife Meg Haywood and their children Cody, Katie, Stephanie and Eric; Dan and his wife Cari Haywood and their children Uriah, Bethany, Sammy and Chelsea; Don and his wife Janice Haywood and their children Andrea (Matt), Levi. Sean, Amanda (Barry) and Alex; and I ten great - grandchildren. She is also survived by her twin brother Phillip and his wife Betty Gordon. Two sisters: Bobbie Schireman and Cody Emerson. Many special nieces and nephews including Patricia Gordon and Harry Butler. The family would like to extend a very special Thank You to all of Mom's caregivers at Willow Springs Care, Dennis McCoullough at Quality Care, Dr. Wayne, Dr. Kershner, Julie Logan, Lynn and Ellan at Yakima Regional Hospital. We would also like to thank Sue and everyone at Chesterly Meadows for the care Mom had the short time she was there. Words cannot express our gratitude!! Graveside services will be held Wednesday, July 28, 2009 10:00 a.m. at Holy Rosary Cemetery, Moxee. Langevin- Mussetter Funeral Home is entrusted with the arrangements. el II/ Yakima Herald- Republic: Sunday, July 26, 2009 Phi lis E. Fzyv✓ood Phillis Eloma Haywood, 78, of Yakima died Friday in Willow Springs. Born in Yakima, Mrs. Haywood was a homemaker and worked in the hop fields and as a packer. Survivors include her husband, Richard Haywood; three sons, Bill Haywood, Dan Haywood and Don Haywood; a twin brother, Phillip Gordon; two sisters, Bobbie Schireman and Cody Emmerson; 13 grandchildren and 10 great - grandchildren. A graveside service will be at 10 a.m. Wednesday at Holy Rosary Cemetery. Arrangements are by Langevin - Mussetter Funeral Home. • • • GORDON, Mary H YAKIMA HERALD Mary H. Gordon REPUBLIC (Keith& Keith Funeral Rome) 15 Feb 1984 Mary H. Gordon, 93, formerly of 506 Fair Ave., Yakima, died Monday in Central Convalescent Nursing Home. She was born Jan. 11, 1891, in Mondota, Mo., to William Henry and Annie Rankin (Spinal) Harrison..She was rais- ed and educated in . Missouri and later moved to Washington. On June 27, 1918 she married Calmer C. Gordon in Col - fax. She later worked for. Del Monte Cannery. She was also a cook and did janitorial work in the Larson Building until her retirement. She was homemaker and a Christian Scientist. • She is survived by three daughters, Mrs. Richard (Phillis) Haywood of Yakima, Mrs. Bobbie Sleeter of Walla Walla, and Mrs. B'ob ( Cleora) Emerson of Seattle; one son, Phillip Gordon of Canterbury, Conn.; 21 grand - . hildren, several great - grandchildren and great- great- ;randchildrPn Pnd PISA SPVPral nieces and nenhews. • • • • Yakima Maple Street Incinerator Nomination SENIC Research Team: Javier Gutierrez, research of local newspaper articles 1900 's to present • Rosemary Small, HP and Technical assistance, internet research • Maud Scott, team leader, correspondent, author, research PWA Docket File, Pittsburgh Des - Moines Steel Co., Rust Engineering Co. Contributors: Betty Gaudette, City correspondence, contacts, local history, printing costs Connie Little, photographs of incinerator, history of YSD schools, funded copies Freya Burgstaller Buccelli, funded National Archives microfilm of-PWA Docket - • • File 1252, former Yakima Historic Preservation Commissioner Randy Murphy,. City Parks employee, incinerator tour guide provided photos Vernon Brown, City Parks employee, incinerator enthusiast, 'guardian' of the knowledge of where the bronze plaque was stored Virgil Appleby, son of J.E. & Tillie Appleby, personal interview about his parents early years in Yakima, picture Lynn Buchanan, former City Councilman, provided arieal photographs of Yakima River, Kiwanis Park, and incinerator site • Phillis Eloma (Gordon) Haywood,a childhood witness to the construction and operation of the incinerator facility, the planting of the site, and later installation of original playground equipment • • • • • • • • • • • • • 1 i 61 %nc YAKIMA?:::E r p t S ( Tr I-971C PLACES ONIAATIO7 ti ti shee / 2 /‘e de 7 P/edi 40-iff- p-74 r;:j //0 4:a( - /2/e/wee-2- i%t7ez-fkr, di&za/t S. , igffm S iLezw_ zAm' zb r t_ • YAKIMA REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES NOMINATION FORM Exoduster J.E Appleby Continuation sheet Item number Page 1 of 2 Profile of J.E. Appleby: S. Dakota ` Exoduster' to Yakima 1936 WPA ditch digger Virgil Appleby is the oldest of three sons of Tillie and J.E. Appleby, a couple who for approximately 60 years resided in southeast Yakima, Washington. These are notes by Maud Scott, Union Street, Yakima, WA. They were my neighbors at 304 South 8 Street for many years. The conversations took place over the phone in July and September of 2008. The impetus for my call was the appearance of Virgil's father's name in a 1949 Yakima Herald Republic article about a group of citizens meeting with the mayor to discuss turning the ten -acre site of Yakima's 1936 municipal incinerator into a neighborhood park for residents of southeast Yakima. While Virgil had no recollection of the meeting described in the 1949 article, he was not surprised to learn that his father was there. Virgil and his brothers attended Adams Elementary and Washington Junior High School, in Yakima. His parents were involved in anything that had to do with the kids or school. Life before coming to Yakima had not been easy for the Appleby family. The couple had started out in Marshall County, South Dakota. Virgil was born in 1927 in South Dakota, where he lived until around the age of eight. The Great Depression had begun, and the farming life for his family was soon over. Both sets of his grandparents lost their farms. Tillie's family had been jewelry people in Switzerland, but were farmers in Britton, South Dakota. Her father was a successful cattle farmer with a large ranch. Virgil remembers his grandfather was an accomplished yodeler. Tillie was an, accomplished pianist, and often played in traveling dance bands. The Great Depression era saw Tillie's father raise one last large herd of cattle, and sell them at a good price. He put all his money in the bank that day, and on that same day lost it all when the bank failed. Not long afterward, her father was killed by a tornado during a dust storm. Tillie feared banks for the rest ocher life. J.E. Appleby's father was a farmer raising milk cows and chickens. Joe was well acquainted with raising stock and produce. His family also lost everything during the Great Depression. By then, Joe and Tillie were married with children of their own, Virgil remembers going with his mother to put his dad on the train to look for work out of state. His father left South Dakota on the promise of a job driving truck for a bakery in California, but when Joe Appleby got there he decided not to stay. He traveled up to Washington State by train, and found a job in Kent near Seattle. He liked the area so much that he decided to move the family out. He went back to Britton and packed up Tillie, her mother, "Sis ", the kids, and loaded everything they owned into a 1933 car and started out. Virgil says now it is kind of comical to think of that trip. He remembers the car's wheels had wooden spokes. He feels lucky he was just old enough to have real memories of the experience. He remembers the family looking like something out of the Grapes of Wrath in the car loaded with all their worldly possessions,' and laughs when he recalls they traveled with a wire cage on top of the car filled with live chickens. Virgil remembers when they got hungry, they would just stop by the side of the road, kill a chicken, and cook it for dinner. "That was how we made it out, otherwise I don't know what we would have eaten ", he says. Not everyone enjoyed the trip. Virgil said his grandma "Sis" had never been out of the flat lands of the Dakotas, and was terrified when they had to drive through the Rockies. He remembers Sis panicking when she looked out the window and saw how the land fell away from the road as they climbed over the mountains, and then throwing herself on the floorboards crying and begging his father to turn around and go back. YAKIMA REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES NOMINATION FORM Exoduster J.E Appleby Continuation sheet Item number Page 2 of 2 But Joe Appleby did not turn back. The Dust Bowl had taken everything. In Kent, the family found a small piece of land where Joe could raise chickens and cucumbers. Virgil remembers they were lucky to get much for a basket of cucumbers, or eggs, but it was something they could do to bring in a little money. Virgil was nine years old when the family moved to Yakima, to a small home at 5 Sumac Lane. The year was 1936. J.E. Appleby's first job in Yakima was digging ditches for the WPA. The federal government was helping the City of Yakima put in sewer and water lines for all the small new homes being built on the outskirts of southeast Yakima. The Yakima Municipal Incinerator and Grounds were also under construction. Joe Appleby watched it being built as he worked in the neighborhood growing up around it, but he never actually worked at that site. As the oldest of three sons, Virgil always felt his Dad expected a little more from him. He was to set a good example for his younger brothers. He felt that as a result, when he failed, his Dad was harder on him. Virgil seldom had the opportunity to remain after school for extra curricular activities. Joe had work for him at home. Virgil came to understand his father's methods. He says if there was one thing Joe Appleby taught us boys it • was that a man has to go out and work hard to get paid. J.E. Appleby taught by example. He remembers his Dad tried, his hand at all kinds of things in order to provide for his family. Sometimes efforts were successful, other times they were not. He mentions everything from raising chickens (Joe once raised ten thousand chickens in wire cages that never touched the ground), to raising rabbits (two large outdoor pens were filled with rabbits who escaped into the neighbors yards causing pandemonium), and finally to real estate in retirement. Every summer Virgil and his brothers picked hops for the money to buy school clothes. One time Joe Appleby arranged to tear down some old buildings for the materials. After school Virgil had to pull and straighten all the nails, sort and stack the wood. Then Joe built sturdy 12 x 24foot cabins for resale, and somehow arranged to move them to the buyer's property. He was not the best carpenter, but he enjoyed building the cabins, and they sold. Around 1945, J.E. (Joe) and Tillie Appleby had another idea. They opened a small grocery and a Signal Service gas station out on Old Gun Club Road on Terrace Heights Way. This station had glass topped gas pumps, where Joe and his boys would pump gas and service the customers cars. Tillie ran the store. When Dept. of Transportation put the freeway through in the mid- sixties, WA DOT bought them out by eminent domain. Tillie told me that the price they were given seemed like a fortune. It was with that money they purchased their new home at the corner of E. Spruce and S. 8 Street, on property that included a neighborhood grocery store that had belonged to the La Chance family. The couple lived right behind the little store, which Tillie delighted in running. Joe Appleby bought small houses to remodel for resale on contracts. Virgil is proud to know that when his parents were alive they took good care of their family, and were always willing to help others in need. About the Depression years, he says that, "those were hard times, but in many ways, it was a better time, because people were better then ". Joe and Tillie Appleby were honest, hardworking people, and a well- respected couple in both the neighborhood and throughout the Yakima community. They succeeded in life, and financially could have afforded to live in any neighborhood in town, but southeast Yakima was their home. Author: Maud Scott, using notes from telephone interviews with Virgil Appleby of Spanaway, WA • YAKIMA REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES NOMINATION FORM Reflection on Conversations with Phillis (Gordon) Haywood: A Daughter of the Great Depression An Oral History Item number Page 1 of 3 • Phillis (Gordon) Haywood's Memories of the Yakima Maple Street Incinerator and Grounds In the summer of 1996, a Catholic volunteer youth group, Young Neighbors in Action, was resetting the front porch posts on the historic Ida Powell house in Southeast Yakima. As they worked, a car pulled to the curb, parking in front of the house. An older woman got out, and introduced herself as Phillis Haywood. She thanked them for working on 'her house', saying that as a child she lived across Union Street from the now historic home. She was so pleased 'her house' was being set straight that she went home to get a picture from her family album to share with the volunteers... Phillis Haywood did return, not with one picture but with two. The first was of herself as a five year old in 1936, with a salad -bowl haircut , wearing a cotton dress and sturdy oxford shoes. She is facing south, looking down Union Street with her hand over her heart. The front porch and yard of the Ida Powell house provides the background. • The second photograph was of her twin brother, Phillip Gordon. He is standing barefoot and barechested in the same spot wearing a pair of overalls with one shoulder strap unbuckled, dangling a small, naked babydoll by its foot. Again, Ida Powell's house and grounds provide the backdrop. Phillis explained that the photographs were taken when her family lived at 207 S. 8th St. She and Phillip loved the house across the street, and always imagined that Ida Powell house and grounds was their home. The children had asked for their pictures be taken in front of it. The home they had rented at 207 S. 8th Street was demolished in the late sixties or early seventies. When asked if she had any pictures of that home, she said she did not know of any, but she supposed it might also have been considered historic. Speaking about other historic properties in the neighborhood, Phillis mentioned she had long wanted to see the Maple Street Incinerator recognized as having historic significance. She said the incinerator was one of her favorite buildings. It reminded her of her father, Calmer Carl Gordon, because he had worked at the' incinerator when they lived at 207 S. 8th Street. She had memories of him leaving for work, walking down Spruce Street every morning carrying a tin lunch pail. Her mother often would pack a picnic basket and walk the children down to eat their lunch with him on the grounds. Phillis said she thought about those times everytime she drove past the incinerator and Kiwanis Park. She loved the building because of those memories. Living on S. 17th Street just below Viola, Phillis travelled Fair Avenue into town often, and always admired the smokestack and brick building; playground and landscaping as she passed back and forth. Years later when Kiwanis Park improvements were uder discussion, there was consideration of demolition of the Maple Street Incinerator. Phillis Haywood called to share her disgust with that concept. She was offended at the thought of its demolition, and thought it should be recognized for its history and the times. She was unable to make a public statement, but wanted, her opinion known. [Author 's note: When hen research on the Maple Street Incinerator got underway, I called Phillis hoping to get more detailed in formation about her father and the work he did at the Street Incinerator. Our conversations were brie /due to timing or health issues. Phillis Floma Maywood passed away peace /idly on July 24, 2009. I YAKIMA REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES NOMINATION FORM Reflection on Conversations with Phillis (Gordon) Haywood: A Daughter of the Great Depression An Oral History Continuation sheet Item number Page 2 of 3 Phillis Haywoods interest in historic structures and love for the past provided for our research project the only clue to the identity of a WPA employee at the Maple Street Incinerator that has surfaced to date. Somewhere a long forgotten file exists holding names of all WPA employees who built the Maple Street Incinerator or landscaped the grounds. Following the thread of five year old Phillis Eloma (Gordon) Haywood's memories and information provided in her obituary, and researching public records with the assistance ofYakima Valley Geneological Society librarians, we have found some of following information on Phillis Haywoods' father. Public Records Profile of Calmer Carl Gordon Calmer Carl Gordon was born August 6, 1885 in Colfax, Whitman County in Washington Territory. Calmer C. Gordon died in Seattle, Washington on September 28, 1949. His father and brother Merrit (21) in the 1910 Census worked as hired hands on a farm in the South Precinct of Whitman County in the state of Washington.. Calmer's name was not found in the 1910 Census. Calmer Gordon married Mary Harison June 27, 1918 in Colfax. (Mary H.Gordon obit.) The 1920 Census finds brothers Calmer Gordon (35) and Merrit Gordon (30) living in Kennewick, Benton County , Washington. The brothers are living as neighbors, each with his wife and daughter. They are both working in the Produce Store Retail/Wholesale Warehouse. Merrit is a salesman , and Calmer is a laborer. Yakima Polk directories provide several addresses for Calmer C. Gordon from 1931 through the early 1940's. Most of these are in Southeast Yakima: 10 S. Naches (1931), none found (1934), S 14th St RD1 (1935), 207 S. 8th St. (1936), E. Beech extended RD1 (1938), E. Beech near S. 13th St RD1 (1939), 15 S. 4th Ave (1940), 1114 S. 7th St (1942). With the start of World War II, December 1942, all men born on or after April 28,1877 and on or before February 16, 1897 were required to register with the federal government. On his registration card, Calmer Carl Gordon listed his place of residence as: Route 1, Culman Park , Yakima, Wash , and his mailing address as the same. Under Employer's Name and Address C.C. Gordon wrote: WPA Air Port , and Place of Employment or Business: Yakima Yakima Wash. There is no date on D.S.S.Form 1 (Revised 4- 1 -42). It is likely that Calmer Carl Gordon filled this registration card out sometime in 1943. There is a gap occuring in Polk information between 1943 through 1947 on the Calmer C. Gordon family. Mary Gordon appears in 1947 and again in 1949 as a maintenance woman for the Larson Building, residing at 1425 S.8th St. Information from Mary H. Gordon's obituary (YHR 15 Feb 1984) refers to her as "formerly of 506 Fair Avenue ". YAKIMA REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES NOMINATION FORM Reflection on Conversations with Phillis (Gordon) Haywood: A Daughter of the Great Depression An Oral History Continuation sheet Item number Page 3 of 3 Comments and Reflections on Relevence The profile of WPA worker Calmer Carl Gordon is significant in its representation of the hundreds of common citizens living in Yakima and the state of Was hington during the Great Depression. A , common man with no discernable profession, coming from a farming background in Colfax, Calmer worked as a laborer in the produce industry in Kennewick in 1920 supporting his family of three. Then came the crash of the stockmarket in 1929, changing life in the U.S. as citizens knew it. Around 1931, Calmer Carl Gordon has relocated his family to Yakima and is the manager of Honeyed Products . The family has grown from three members to five with the birth of twins Phillis and Phillip. The Polk Directory records demonstrate a series of at least seven moves between this first address at 10 S. Naches, and the last Yakima address in 1942. Looking only at this statistical data in relation to the era of the Great Depression, it appears that the Gordon family is struggling to maintain a stable roof over a growing family. The pattern of bank failure, loss of fortunes and property, unemployment, food lines, and despair were endemic for this era. Yet Phillis Haywoods' memories of the time spent at 207 S. 8th Street were good. She and her brother fantasized that the large house on a one acre lot was theirs, and they imagined themselves to doing all kinds of things there. She remembers her dad working regularly, and the family picnics joining him for lunch. The records show that the Yakima Maple Street Incinerator was built in a few months in the summer of 1936. It was a time the family could feel proud: they were not on government Relief. Calmer Carl Gordon was a working man again, able to support his family. Phillis remembers him working there for several years, as a garbage man. Looking at the variety of addresses for the family in the Polk directories, most of them would have been within walking distance to the incinerator. The Yakima Maple Street Incinerator was officially closed on May 1, 1942. In the announcement in the April 23, 1942 article about its closure, it is stated that at least two employees will be "let go ". Calmer Carl Gordon's residential address on the 1942 registration form is not found in the Polk directory. He gives his age as 56 years, and his employer as WPA, and work address at the Air Port. It appears that Calmer C. Gordon may have been one of the two incinerator employees to have lost his job when the City closed the facility. Calmer Carl Gordon died in Seattle, Washington seven years later. In 1949, his age would have been about 63. Phillis and Phillip would have lost their father when they were around 18 years old. Phillis attached good memories in hard times to the place her father helped to build, and the grounds, and later played on the equipment installed in Kiwanis Park. Mary Gordon's last known address, 506 Fair Ave, catty- corner across from the playground and incinerator at Kiwanis Park, was demolished. The Maple Street Incinerator, its smokestack , mature landscape, and the park that developed around it became a monument to the ability of common men to prevail in hard times, and a government program that gave struggling citizens a hand up. Author: Maud Scott, SENIC Research Team member