Loading...
HomeMy WebLinkAbout01/15/2013 07 Voter Proposition for Five Council Member Affirmative Vote to Approve New Councilmanic Tax Measures"v .T BUSINESS OF THE CITY COUNCIL YAKIMA, WASHINGTON AGENDA STATEMENT Item No. For Meeting of: January 15, 2013 ITEM TITLE: Resolution approving Proposition to amend Article VII, Section 2 of the City of Yakima Charter requiring affirmative vote of at least five City Council members to approve any new councilmanic tax, and authorizing submission of Proposition for vote of the people on special election on April 23, 2013. SUBMITTED BY: Jeff Cutter, City Attorney CONTACT Mark Kunkler, Senior Assistant City Attorney /575 -6030 PERSON /TELEPHONE: SUMMARY EXPLANATION: Article VII of the City of Yakima Charter grants taxing authority to the City Council. The Resolution presents a Proposition, subject to approval of the voters within the City, to amend Article VII, Section 2 of the Charter to require, after August 1, 2013, the affirmative vote of at least five members of the City Council to enact any new councilmanic tax. "New councilmanic tax" means a tax for which the City Council has the authority to levy but has not levied, or is granted to the City Council by the state legislature after August 1, 2013. The term "new councilmanic tax" excludes fees, rates and charges, special assessments, taxes imposed by the City Council on or before August 1, 2013, and taxes imposed by the City Council on or before August 1, 2013 which are subject to renewal or reauthorization, such as the general property tax levy and the excess property tax levy. The Resolution, if approved, authorizes submission of the Proposition to the voters at a special election to be held April 23, 2013. Resolution X Contract: Contract Term: Insurance Required? No Funding Source: APPROVED FOR SUBMITTAL: Ordinance Other (specify) Mail to: Amount: Expiration Date: Phone: City Manager STAFF RECOMMENDATION: For Council consideration, discussion and action. BOARD /COMMISSION RECOMMENDATION: The City Council had preliminary discussion of the issue at its meeting on December 11, 2012, and requested proposed legislation for further discussion and consideration. ATTACHMENTS: Click to download 1-:71 Memo - Charter Amendment Procedures Dec 21 2012 ❑ Resolution- Charter Amendment - Ballot Proposition -Super Maiority- 12 -17 -12 ID Exhibit A- Charter Amendment - Ballot Proposition -Super Maiority- 12 -17 -12 171 City of Yakima Councilmanic Taxes Schedule Dec 21 2012 CITY OF YAKIMA LEGAL DEPARTMENT 200 Souffi Third Street, Yakima, Washington 98901 R9FS -6M Fax (509)5/56160 MEMORANDUM January 4, 2013 TO: Tony O'Rourke, City Manager FROM: Mark Kunkler, Senior Assistant City Attorney SUBJECT, Charter Amendment — Supermajority —Tax Increase At the Council meeting on December 11, 2012 the City Council asked that discussion be scheduled to consider a proposed amendment to the Charter of the City of Yakima. The proposed amendment would be to require that no tax increase or new tax could be enacted without the affirmative vote of at least five members of the City Council. This memorandum identifies issues associated with the proposed amendment. Included with this memorandum is a chart applicable "councilmanic taxes," as well as a document showing other taxes and revenues. A. Enactments by Other Jurisdictions. Pierce County. On November 6, 2012, voters in Pierce County approved an amendment to the Pierce County Charter requiring a supermajority affirmative vote by two- thirds of the council to approve any "new councilmanic tax." The text of the amendment provided that the County Council shall have the power: ... Subject to the limitations provided by law, to levy taxes appropriate revenue, and adopt budgets for the County, provided that after January 1, 2013, any new Councilmanic tax may be levied or increased only by a minimum of two- thirds affirmative vote of the Council. For purposes of this •subsection, "new Councilmanic tax" means a tax for which the Council has the. authority to levy but has not, such as the mental health tax (RCW 82.14.460), or is granted to the Memorandum to City Manager January 4, 2013 Page 2 Council by the State Legislature after January 1, 2013, and which excludes fees, rates and charges, special assessments, taxes imposed by the Council on or after January 1, 2013, and taxes imposed by the Council on or after January 1, 2013 which are subject to renewal or reauthorization, such as the general Property tax levy and the excess property tax levy. (Amended language shown underlined.) 2. City of Spokane On December 17, 2012, the City of Spokane passed an ordinance and resolution prese .,nting a proposed charter amendment for voter approval in February 2013. The proposed charter amendment would require supermajority approval of new councilmanic taxes and tax increases and reads as follows: After March 1, 2013, a new councilmanic tax may be levied and an existing councilmanic tax increased only by a majority plus one vote of the city council. For purposes of this section, "new councilmanic tax" means a tax for which the city council has the authority to levy but has not or is granted to the city council after March 1, 2013. A councilmanic tax does not include fees, rates and charges, or special assessments. This section does not apply to existing councilmanic taxes levied by the city council as of March 1, 2013 or any renewal or reauthorization of those taxes that does not increase the tax rate. The primary difference between Pierce County's enactment and the proposed Spokane Charier amendment is found in the last sentence of the Spokane version. For Spokane, any increase to the "tax rate" in existing councilmanic taxes, and any "renewal or reauthorization of such taxes, including the general property tax levy and excess tax levy, would require approval by a supermajority of the City Council. B. Options — Discussion. Under state law, the general property tax levy may be increased by one percent or by the amount of the "implicit price deflator," whichever is less. For all practical purposes, the lesser amount to date has been the one percent. Thus, the City Council may approve a general property tax levy equal to 101 % of the highest levy occurring after 1986. RCW 84.55.005(2)(c), as modified by Chapter 1, Laws of 2007, special session. The "one percent" refers to an increase in the total dollar amount of the levy, not an increase in the "levy rate. "' Under state law, an affirmative vote of a supermajority of ' "The levy rate may increase as a result of a levy increase, but it may also decrease, despite the levy increase, because of an increase in the assessed value of property in the city .." A Revenue Guide for Memorandum to City Manager January 4, 2013 Page 3 the city council is already required if the city council desires to levy a general property tax in the amount of 101% of the existing levy upon a finding of "substantial need." RCW 84.55.0101. Under the Spokane model, if the assessed valuation of property falls and the total dollar amount of the general property tax levy remains the same, the individual "levy rate" will increase for each taxpayer. Thus, in order to levy a general property tax for the new budget year, the charter amendment may require a supermajority council vote — even though the total dollar amount of the tax levy remains unchanged. It is unclear from the Spokane language whether or not the "supermajority" vote would be required even when the total tax levy remains unchanged. Another concern under the Spokane model is the excess tax levy. Excess tax levies are enacted each year, in addition to the general property tax levy, to defray principal and interest falling due under outstanding bond indebtedness. General Obligation Bonds (G.O. Bonds) are backed by the "full faith and credit" of the city and are already approved by the vote of the electorate. As noted above, if the city's assessed valuation falls, the "levy rate" for individual property owners may increase. If "tax rate" in the Spokane language is construed to mean "levy rate," this may require a supermajority vote of council to approve an excess tax levy — even though the electorate has already approved the bond issue (and repayment). C. Recommended Language. In consideration of the above, the following language is recommended for Council consideration. This language is based on the Pierce County model, and proposes an amendment to Section 2, Article VII of the Yakima City Charter to read as follows: ARTICLE VII SECTION 2. The City Council shall have power and authority to assess, levy and collect taxes upon all the real and personal property (not exempt from taxation) within the City for the corporate uses and purposes thereof and provide for the payment of the debts and expenses of the City, provided that after August 1, 2013, any new councilmanic tax may be levied or increased only by a Cities and Towns, Municipal Research & Services Center (2009), page 2, footnote 9. The "levy rate" is the tax rate paid by the property owner expressed as a dollar amount "per thousand dollars of assessed valuation (AV)" of the property. For most cities, the maximum "levy rate" is $3.375 per thousand dollars of assessed valuation, but can be increased for certain purposes. For example, if the city has a Firemen's Pension Fund, it can levy an additional $0.225, for maximum of $3 60 per thousand dollars of assessed valuation. Memorandum to City Manager January 4, 2013 Page 4 minimum affirmative vote of five members of the City Council. For purposes of this section, "new councilmanic tax" means a tax for which the City Council has the authority to levy but has not levied, or for which authority is granted to the City Council by the state legislature after August 1, 2013. The term "new councilmanic tax" excludes fees, rates and charges, special assessments, taxes imposed by the City Council on or before August 1, 2013, and taxes imposed by the City Council on or before August 1, 2013 which are subject to renewal or reauthorization, such as the general property tax levy and the excess property tax levy pursuant to Section 3 below. As discussed above, state law already requires the affirmative vote of at least five Council members to approve a general property tax levy equal to 101% of the previous levy amount. The language also exempts reauthorization of the excess tax levy in an amount necessary to defray principal and interest payments coming due for bond indebtedness and any local improvement district assessment guaranty fund.2 D. Charter Amendment Procedure. Article XIII of the Yakima Charter provides: This charter may be amended in the manner provided by the laws of the State of Washington. Special elections for amending this charter may be called by the City Council or shall be called upon petition of qualified voters of the City of a number not less than fifteen percent of the total number of votes cast at the last 2 The proposed amendment also leaves unchanged Section 3, Article VII of the Yakima City Charter, which reads. SECTION 3 The aggregate of all the property taxes levied or appropriated for City purposes including funds for the parks and playgrounds, police and firemen's relief shall be taken and apportioned by the City Council from the current expense fund which for any one year shall not exceed the statutory limits established by State law on each dollar of assessed valuation of the property within the City except as follows. (a) The levies for redemption of and interest on the bonded debt of the City heretofore or hereafter authorized in the manner provided by law; (b) The levy for local improvement district assessment guaranty fund as required by law; (c) Such other levies as may have been heretofore or which may hereafter is required by general law. Thus, the provisions of Section 3 serve to clarify the scope of the amendment to Section 2, Article VII of the Charter. Memorandum to City Manager January 4, 2013 Page 5 preceding general state election and otherwise as set forth in State law. RCW 35.22.130, discussing the "requisites of petitions" for amendment, includes the following provision: ...This and RCW 35.22.120 do not deprive city councils of the right to submit proposed charter amendments but affords a concurrent and additional method of submission. Article 11, Section 10 of the Washington State Constitution provides in part: Such charter may be amended by proposals therefor submitted by the legislative authority of such city to the electors thereof at any general election after notice of said submission published as above specified, and ratified by a majority of the qualified electors voting thereon. In submitting any such charter, or amendment thereto, any alternate article or proposition may be presented for the choice of the voters, and may be voted on separately without prejudice to others. (Emphasis added.) Thus, amendments may be proposed by the City Council. The language in the above - quoted portion regarding submission of an amendment "at any general election" has been held to include both general elections and special elections. The proposed amendment can be presented to the City Council in the form of a Resolution containing the approved text of the amendment and a proposed ballot title The proposed amendment, as approved by the City Council, would then be presented to the County Auditor for scheduling on the appointed special election ballot. The proposed amendment is subject to the following publication requirements set forth in Article XI Section 10 (Amendment 40) of the State Constitution. . Said proposed charter shall be published in the daily newspaper of largest general circulation published in the area to be incorporated as a first class city under the charter or, if no daily newspaper is published therein, then in the newspaper having the largest general circulation within such area at least once each week for four weeks next preceding the day of submitting the same to the electors for their approval, as above provided..:. (Emphasis added ).3 3 The last Charter Amendment consisted of extensive revisions to virtually every Article in the Charter. On this basis, the amendment was treated as a "revised charter." Given the extent of the changes, it was determined that the entire Charter (with amendments) should be published. The proposed amendment must also be published in both English and Spanish. The present amendment concerns only one Article i Memorandum to City Manager January 4, 2013 Page 6 A proposed Charter amendment submitted to the voters on the April 23, 2013 special election should be well within the time limits necessary to certify the final vote tabulation prior to the amendment's effective date of August 1, 2013. Consequently, the amendment would be in place prior to preparation, discussion and finalization of the 2014 Budget. and does not constitute a "revised charter." Thus, only the proposed amended section or Article need be published. RESOLUTION NO. R -2013- A RESOLUTION of the City Council of the City of Yakima, Washington, providing for the submission to the voters of the City of Yakima a Proposition on whether Article VII, Section 2 of the Charter of the City of Yakima should be amended to require the affirmative vote of at least five members of the City Council to approve all new councilmanic tax measures and increases thereto, and requesting the Yakima County Auditor to submit the Proposition to the voters on the regular municipal election to be held April 23, 2013. WHEREAS, Chapter 35.22 of the Revised Code of Washington (RCW) authorizes first class cities of the State of Washington to amend and revise their charters upon approval by a majority of the qualified voters of the city voting in a general or special election called for that purpose; and WHEREAS, Article VII, Section 2, states that the City Council shall have power and authority to assess, levy and collect taxes upon all the real and personal property (not exempt from taxation) within the City for the corporate uses and purposes thereof and provide for the payment of the debts and expenses of the City; and WHEREAS, an amendment of the charter may be initiated by the City Council through the approval of a resolution requesting that a proposition be submitted to the qualified voters in the City to decide whether the City should adopt an amendment to Article VII, Section 2, of the Charter of the City of Yakima to require the affirmative vote of at least five members of the City Council to approve all new councilmanic tax measures and increases thereto, and providing that "new councilmanic taxes" for purposes of such Article means a tax for which the City Council has the authority to levy but has not levied, or for which authority is granted to the City Council by the state legislature after August 1, 2013. The term "new councilmanic tax" excludes fees, rates and charges, special assessments, taxes imposed by the City Council on or before August 1, 2013, and taxes imposed by the City Council on or before August 1, 2013 which are subject to renewal or reauthorization, such as the general property tax levy and the excess property tax levy; and WHEREAS, the City .Council desires to hold an election in the City of Yakima on the special election date of April 23, 2013, for the purpose of submitting to the qualified voters of the City the proposition of whether the City of Yakima should approve the amendment as 1 described above, all as set forth in the proposed amendment to Article VII, Section 2, of the Charter attached hereto as Exhibit "A;" and WHEREAS, the City Council finds and determines that the best interests and general welfare of the City of Yakima would be served by submitting to the qualified voters in the City the proposition of whether the City of Yakima should approve the amended Charter as set forth herein, therefore, BE IT RESOLVED BY THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF YAKIMA: 1. The proposition to be submitted at the April 23, 2013 special election shall be in the form of a ballot title as follows: PROPOSITION NO. 1 ADOPTION OF AMENDED ARTICLE VII, SECTION 2, CHARTER OF THE CITY OF YAKIMA PROPOSITION NO. 1 concerns an amendment of Article VII, Section 2, of the City of Yakima Charter. The proposed amendment states that, after August 1, 2013, any new councilmanic tax may be levied or increased only by a minimum affirmative vote of five members of the City Council. "New councilmanic tax" excludes fees, rates and charges, special assessments, taxes imposed by the City Council on or before August 1, 2013, and taxes imposed by the City Council on or before August 1, 2013 which are subject to renewal or reauthorization; all as set forth in Resolution No. 2013 -_ Should this proposition be approved? YES ........... . .... . ....... [-1 NO..... ...... ........... .L-] 2. The City Clerk is authorized and directed to file a certified copy of this resolution with the Yakima County Auditor. 3. The Yakima County Auditor is requested to call and conduct an election to be held in the City of Yakima on the special election day of April 23, 2013, for the purpose of submitting to the qualified voters of the City of Yakima the proposition set forth in Section 1 above. 2 4. Severability. If any section, sentence, clause or phrase of this resolution should be held to be invalid or unconstitutional by a court of competent jurisdiction, such invalidity or unconstitutionality shall not affect the validity or constitutionality of any other section, sentence, clause or phrase of this resolution. ADOPTED BY THE CITY COUNCIL this 15'h day of January, 2013. ATTEST- City Clerk APPROVED AS TO FORM: Jeff Cutter, City Attorney 3 , Mayor EXHIBIT "A" Only that portion of Article V11 that is proposed to be amended is shown. Remainder of text remains unchanged. Proposed changes are shown in legislative format. ARTICLE VII, SECTION 2 Section 2. The City Council shall have power and authority to assess, levy and collect taxes upon all the real and personal property (not exempt from taxation) within the City for the corporate uses and purposes thereof and provide for the payment of the debts and expenses of the City; provided that after Auqust 1, 2013, any new councilmanic tax may be levied or increased only by a minimum affirmative vote of five members of the City Council. For purposes of this section, "new councilmanic tax" means a tax for which the City Council has the authority to levy but has not levied or for which authority is granted to the City Council by the state legislature after 6ugu;3t 1, 2013. The term "new councilmanic tax" excludes fees, rates and charges, special assessments, taxes imposed by the City Council on or before Auqust 1, 2013, and taxes imposed by the City Council on or before August 1, 2013 which are subject to renewal or reauthorization, such as the general property tax levy and the excess property tax levy pursuant to Section 3 below. CITY OF YAKIMA - COUNCILMANIC TAXES Tax . Authority Passage Revenue General Property Tax RCW 84.55.0101, .120 City Council, showing of $164,000 (2013) Levy — 1 % Increase substantial need, and affirmative vote of majority plus one Retail Sales Tax Chapter 82.14 RCW Varies. City Council may adopt Current sales tax rate Chapter 3.78 YMC basic sales tax by majority vote is 8.20% (city receives subject to referendum, other specific only 0.85°/x) for total sales tax increments subject to projected $13,350,000 vote of the people (i e.,criminal (2013 budget) justice sales tax) Utility Tax RCW 35.21.870, Chapter 5.50 YMC (electricity, telephone, natural gas, steam energy) YMC 5.50.060 — water businesses, City Council, majority vote, up TOTAL. $13,897,000 to 6 %, thereafter, vote of the people. (2013 budget) Current city rate 6% (Subject to Referendum) City Council, majority vote. Water Businesses: 20% (Subject to Referendum) Chapter 7.64 YMC. City Council, majority vote. Water and Wastewater; Water and Wastewater: 20% Refuse, Stormwater Refuse. 15% Stormwater 6% Gambling Tax RCW 9.46.110 City Council, majority vote, varying $871,000 (2012) Chapter 5.49 YMC rates ranging from 2% to 20 %, depending on type of gambling. City tax rates range from 2% to 10% Real Estate Excise Tax RCW 82.46.010 City Council, majority vote, $452,000 (2012) Chapter 3.79 YMC REET 1 0.25 %; REET 2. 0.25% (capped at 0.25% for each) Admissions Tax RCW 35.21.870 City Council, majority vote, up Not adopted. (Not adopted or imposed to 5% (capped at 5 %) Estimated possible in City of Yakima) revenue $500,000 - r- ._- ....__... - -... .ter.... �... .....,,,..��.... ••... p.v..�..,r.. w...�.v..y �__ _.. .. Distributed at the Meeting I )S-L? THE SPOKESMAN-REVIEW December 1, 2012 Tax threshold starts locally Chris Cargill Can you hear us now? That's the question Washington voters are asking lawmakers following passage — for the fifth time — of a supermajority requirement to raise taxes. It's a reasonable and popular tax policy in our state, and now is the time to take it local. ;'A higher threshold to raise taxes makes increasing taxes a true last resort. Newspaper editorial boards across the state, including that of The Spokesman- Review, concluded a supermajority requirement keeps lawmakers focused on efficiencies. "It's forced lawmakers from both major political parties to fully debate the merits and compromise," proclaimed the Walla Walla Union Bulletin. The evidence is clear. In 2010, when given the chance, Washington lawmakers jumped at passing more than $6.7 billion in tax increases over 10 years after they suspended the supermajority requirement. Months later, voters repealed some of those new taxes. The supermajority requirement is popular throughout Washington. It passed in all 39 counties, even in more - liberal King County. In Spokane County, it received 70 percent support and, in the city of Spokane, it was nearly unanimous among precincts. It is unlikely that voters differentiate this policy preference between state and local. This is why citizens in Spokane should have the opportunity to adopt a higher threshold for taxes in the city. A charter change would be simple; all new taxes or tax increases in the city of Spokane would require five votes on the City Council for approval, instead of the current four. Pierce County residents just approved a charter change that did exactly that with an overwhelming 67 percent of the vote. It now takes five votes to pass a county tax increase there. Opponents will argue that a supermajority requirement to raise taxes is undemocratic. They ignore the fact there are more than 20 other supermajority provisions in the state constitution and a number of five -vote requirements in the city of Spokane. 1 of 2 12/14/2012 7:09 PM In late November, Spokane's City Council nearly adopted a 1 percent hike in property taxes just weeks after approving a generous benefit package for the city's firefighters. It failed by just one vote. One councilmember proclaimed taking the 1 percent hike was no different than what has been done in previous years. And that is exactly the problem. When governments operate on autopilot, citizens are left holding the bag. Had a five -vote requirement been in place, consensus would have been required and previous 1 percent hikes would not have passed without a larger discussion about the growing financial burden on taxpayers. In October, consensus among council members was reached and the city's hotel tax went up to pay for expansion of the Spokane Convention Center and Spokane Veterans Memorial Arena. That vote was 6 -1. As the legislature heads into its next session facing a $900 million shortfall, despite a $1.5 billion increase in tax revenue, lawmakers will be eager to hand off costs to local governments. A charter change in Spokane and other cities to require a higher threshold for tax increases will give local taxpayers the opportunity to avoid getting stuck with the bill. Voters continue to make the call. They should be given the chance to adopt the supermajority policy at the local level. Spokane and other city governments across Eastern Washington should listen to voters and adopt a reasonable supermajority tax limitation. Chris Cargill is the Eastern Washington director for Washington Policy Center, a nonprofit, nonpartisan research organization with offices in Spokane, Tri- Cities, Olympia and Seattle. Online at wvvw was .' gto , olic ofv. Get more news and information at��.cna 2 of 2 12/14/2012 7:09 PM Supermajority voting is a basic part of Washington sta... http: // crosscut. com / 2011 /05 /05 /_washinoton7le9islat... Distributed at the • Article 2, Section 12: Two- thirds vote of the legislature required to LMeeting - r- I convene a special session. • Article 2, Section 12: In the same section, a two - thirds vote of the legislature required to consider additional issues during a special session. • Article 2, Section 24: A 60 percent vote of the legislature or a 60 percent vote of the people required to approve a lottery. • Article 2, Section 36: Two- thirds vote of the legislature required to consider a newly introduced bill within ten days of final adjournment. • Article 2, Section 43: Two - thirds vote of the legislature required to amend a redistricting plan. • Article 2, Section 43: In the same section, a two- thirds •vote of the legislature required to reconvene a "redistricting commission. • Article 3, Section 12: Two - thirds vote of the legislature required to override a governor's veto. • Article 4, Section 9: Three- fourths vote of the legislature required to remove a judge, attorney general, or prosecuting attorney from office. • Article 5, Section 1: Two- thirds vote of the Senate required to convict a state elected official after impeachment. • Article 7, Section 2: Three -fifths vote of the people required to. approve a local tax levy (except for school levies). • Article 8, Section 1: Three -fifths vote of the legislature required to incur state debt. • Article 8, Section 6: Three -fifths vote of the people required to incur local district debt in excess of 1.5 percent of the local property tax base. • Article .11, Section 2: Three -fifths vote of the people required to relocate a county seat. • Article 11, Section 16: Three -fifths vote of the people required to incur city or county debt in excess of 1.5 percent of the property tax base. • Article 14, Section 2: Two - thirds vote of the people required to relocate the state capitol. • Article 23, Section 1: Two - thirds vote of the legislature required to propose amendments to the state constitution to the people. • Article 23, Section 2: Two- thirds vote of the legislature required to propose convening a state constitutional convention to the people. • Article 28, Section 1: Two - thirds vote of the legislature required to change the membership of the independent state salary commission. • Article 32, Section 1: Three -fifths vote of the legislature required to expand'the definition of an industrial development project once bonds have been issued. Several of these provisions have been part of Washington's constitution since its ratification in 1889. It is clear supermajority vote requirements are not undemocratic or even controversial in most cases. One way to resolve the ongoing debate over whether voters truly want lawmakers to be restricted by the two- thirds vote requirement for tax increases is for the legislature to refer the question to voters in the form of a constitutional amendment. Several constitutional amendments to do this were introduced this year, but they did not receive a public hearing or legislative consideration. If such an amendment were ratified by voters, we would know their four -time approval of the two - thirds requirement was not a fluke and that the -people really want a broad legislative consensus before lawmakers raise their taxes. If the amendment were rejected, lawmakers could feel free to disregard the 2 of 3 12/14/2012 7:38 PM Supdrmajority voting is a basic part of Washington sta... http: / /crosscut.com/ 2011 /05/05 /washington - legislat... restriction, as they have repeatedly done in the past, without concern about overriding the will of the people. Based on the numerous supermajority vote requirements currently in Washington's constitution, providing the voters the opportunity to consider a constitutional supermajority requirement to raise taxes would not be embracing undemocratic principles. It would simply be following the existing constitutional precedents for requiring higher vote thresholds before the government takes certain actions Jason Mercier is director of the Center for Government Reform at Washington Policy Center, a non - partisan independent policy research organization in Washington state. For more information visit washingtonpolicy.org. View this story online at: http : / /crosscut.com /20 .1/05 /05 /wrashington- legislature/ 20888/Supermajority- voting- is- basic- part -W ashington -stat/ @ 2012 Crosscut Public Media. All rights reserved. Printed on December 14, 2012 -R Y e �( 3 of 3 12/14/2012 7:38 PM