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BUSINESS OF THE CITY COUNCIL
YAKIMA, WASHINGTON
AGENDA STATEMENT
Item No. 12.B.
For Meeting of: December 10, 2019
ITEM TITLE: Martin Luther King Jr. Park Community Swimming Pool Feasibility
Study
SUBMITTED BY: Scott Schafer, Director of Public Works
Ken Wilkinson, Parks & Recreation Manager 509 576 6416
SUMMARY EXPLANATION:
During the 2019 budgeting process, Council authorized funds to create a community swimming
pool feasibility study for Martin Luther King Jr. Park. An Ad Hoc Committee was created in July
of 2017 to explore and discuss the possibility of a community swimming pool. The committee
was comprised of three City Council members, three Park& Recreation Commissioners and
three community members. Six meetings were held and a report was given to City Council in
February of 2018.
At a City Council study session on May 30, 2018, Martin Luther King Jr. Park was chosen as the
site for the proposed swimming pool. In January of 2019, Counsilman - Hunsaker was chosen as
the consulting firm to assist with the study. Three community input meetings were held in March
and two more were held in June. The information obtained from the community input meetings
was combined with the information gathered during the community wide survey process for the
2017 -2022 Comprehensive Master Plan for Yakima Parks & Recreation to create the feasibility
study.
Presentations from the consultant were given to the Parks and Recreation Commission in March,
June and in October and feedback from those meetings has been incorporated in the final report.
ITEM BUDGETED: Yes
STRATEGIC PRIORITY: Neighborhood and Community Building
APPROVED FOR SUBMITTAL BY THE CITY MANAGER
RECOMMENDATION:
ATTACHMENTS:
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Table of Contents
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 5
INTRODUCTION 9
AQUATIC TRENDS 11
SWIMMING POOL STRUCTURE, MARKINGS & FEATURES 33
SWIMMING POOL MECHANICAL 37
SUPPORT SPACES 41
NEEDS ASSESSMENT 45
MARKET OVERVIEW 46
OPTIONS FOR CONSIDERATION 55
SITE PLAN- FULL LAYOUT 61
SITE PLAN- NO SPRAYGROUND 65
OPERATIONAL ANALYSIS 69
APPENDIX A: GENERAL LIMITING CONDITIONS 81
APPENDIX B: FOOTNOTES 83
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Aquatic facilities contain complex equipment, amenities, and support spaces that require intensive
planning and extreme quality control measures. Balancing numbers in aquatic operations entails several
different areas, including basic budgeting, an equipment maintenance plan, as well as staying ahead of
the curve when it comes to the latest trends in aquatics for a new facility or renovating an existing one.
Aquatic operators who spend time analyzing and planning these three areas to manage and achieve daily
results will set the tone for their organization's future success and financial sustainability.
In 2019, Counsilman-Hunsaker was retained by the City of Yakima to develop conceptual options and
scenarios being considered by the City for Martin Luther King Jr. Park. The scope of this Outdoor Aquatic
Facility Feasibility Study is to identify the aquatic needs for the City of Yakima and to present potential
facility spaces that can meet those needs. This study is based on extensive research through the following
processes:
Needs Assessment
• Common vocabulary, vision
• Evaluate existing area providers
• Research area demographics
• Identify potential user groups
Facility Program and Space Requirements
• Develop schematic design options for programming
• Develop project cost estimates
• Identify potential partnerships
• Site requirements
Financial Performance
• Estimate revenue potential
• Estimate operating expenses
• Determine cash flow
• Sources of funding
Needs Assessment
The following are key take-aways from the community meetings:
• Liked lots of recreational components and activities
• Would like to see some teen features
• Would like to see a sprayground
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Program Requirements
Three options were developed by the consultant to meet the aquatic needs of the City of Yakima. The
concepts were ordered from smaller,to larger with differing amenities and slide packages. Options 2
and 3 were also shown with phasing options in the event funding was not available for the entire cost.
Option 1
Indoor features " :f :"'r.' ## sF..„.
• Lobby : : iiiiiir
• Offices ; ..r:::::::::.:::::::sss :
:::
• Locker rooms .-.
• Outdoor restrooms . 'f
• Classroom/party room art
• Concessions :. i A .......................
• Storage :al.µ
..........................
a. ; it
Aquatic Elements
##### #sssa....ss f' - '. »
• 2,763 sq.ft. recreation pool :;ssssssssssss:
0 4-25 Yard Lap Lanes ssssssssssssssssssssss1 ,::::. ...,,;: . ... ,, .... ::w''.
ssssssss::ssssssssssn ; ..:..., .. ...L '°.
o Crossing activity O '
men
o Waterslide r.
.......................
........................
• 3,739 sq.ft.tot pool .:.........:: .
........................
0 Tot slide
o Play structure
• 1,235 sq.ft.sprayground
Cost: $7.4 M
Option 2
Indoor features
• Lobb
::::::::::::::::::::::::::
...........................
. .
• Offices , a' #tz::'s;;>•::'
. ::........:
• Locker RoomsIS .' iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiitifititilitiiiiNialtir##########, #11119 #
• Outdoor Restrooms ""'" "'
• Classroom/party room
• Concessions
• Storage .. 1.:.x>z:::"..:
Aquatic Elements ';;;;;;""' 'xr
• 5,167 sq. ft. recreation pool444 ititi
o 4- 25 Yard Lap Lanes 211 ;M
Ills yam
o Crossing activity t?x W
o Vortex '...:x .infilig 4
o Water slides ..., .;t.': **ft.... .
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; ...o Large bowl slide B. : -•-• . t,.* :. O
• 2,139 sq. ft. tot pool '::.
o Family slide µ:x
o Play structure <: ; z"xM +
6
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• 1,235 sq. ft. sprayground
Cost: $10.4 M
Phase 1:$9.4 M
Option 3
.. ...................
.x." x1.:ix • "i `:';:uti''i'iiii'ii:iii::siiiii:siiiiiiiiiiiiiii::.:ii:iiii77-:
Indoor features
•• Lobby .,,x; F`
• Off ices r
• Locker Rooms .v..
• Outdoor Restrooms
• Classroom party room :
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• Concessions = s ""' x'
• Storage i' z
Aquatic Elements Nr " . int.mix:
• 5,642 sq.ft. recreation pool r ? ' ..
o 3 -25YardLapLanes r"' 7
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o Crossing activity ""'
o Vortex
o Water slides5. '^
o Lounge area • '`:
• 873 Sq. Ft.Teen Pool
o Bowl slide
o Rope swing
2,139 sq.ft.tot pool
family slide
Play structure
1,235 sq.ft.sprayground
Cost: $11.3 M
Phase 1: $9.8 M
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Financial Performance
The following chart provides a "recapture rate" to define the percentage of operating expenses
recuperated or recaptured by operating revenue for Option 1, Option 2, and Option 3.
Operational Summary
....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................... ..
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Option 1
Project Cost $7,390,000
Attendance 36,962
Revenue $143,817 $150,008 $158,052 $163,518 $170,999
Expense $279,924 $287,251 $294,942 $302,440 $310,376
Operating Cashflow ($136,107) ($137,243) ($136,890) ($138,922) ($139,377)
....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
hiss . . ltassssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssE :sssssssssssssssssssssssss: :ssssssssssssssssssssssslAAPAsssssssssssssssssssssssss assssssssssssssssssssss302
Capital Replacement Fund $37,000 $37,000 $37,000 $37,000 $37,000
Cash Flow ($173,107) ($174,243) ($173,890) ($175,922) ($176,377)
Option 2
Project Cost $10,350,000
Attendance 44,354
Revenue $224,196 $233,554 $245,501 $253,889 $265,114
Expense $326,742 $335,344 $344,377 $353,146 $362,455
Operating Cashflow ($102,546) ($101,790) ($98,876) ($99,257) ($97,341)
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
::::::44:to a :sssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssa::sssssssssssssssssssssssssl4t1::2ttssssssssssssssssssssssssss: 4MIsssssssssES: :ssssssssssssssssssssssssssll ::
Capital Replacement Fund $51,800 $51,800 $51,800 $51,800 $51,800
Cash Flow ($154,346) ($153,590) ($150,676) ($151,057) ($149,141)
Option 3
Project Cost $11,230,000
Attendance 51,746
Revenue $263,379 $274,478 $288,726 $298,628 $311,972
Expense $383,305 $393,343 $403,874 $414,135 $425,002
Operating Cashflow ($119,926) ($118,865) ($115,148) ($115,508) ($113,030)
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
4 :sRtt :sssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssss49Mi:ssssssssssssssssssssssssssrsr:ssssssssssssssssssssssssss :: ::sssssssssssssssssssssssss :: ::sssssssssssssssssssssssss:'felt
Capital Replacement Fund $56,200 $56,200 $56,200 $56,200 $56,200
Cash Flow ($176,126) ($175,065) ($171,348) ($171,708) ($169,230)
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INTRODUCTION
In 2019, Counsilman-Hunsaker was retained by the City of Yakima to develop conceptual options and
scenarios being considered by the City for Martin Luther King Jr. Park. The scope of this Outdoor Aquatic
Facility Feasibility Study is to identify the aquatic needs for the City of Yakima and to present potential
facility spaces that can meet those needs. This study is based on extensive research through the following
processes:
Needs Assessment
• Common vocabulary, vision
• Evaluate existing area providers
• Research area demographics
• Identify potential user groups
Facility Program and space Requirements
• Develop schematic design options for programming
• Develop project cost estimates
• Identify potential partnerships
• Site requirements
Financial Performance
• Estimate revenue potential
• Estimate operating expenses
• Determine cash flow
• Sources of funding
Future Programming
The following aquatic programs have been identified as necessary for the City of Yakima's future aquatics.
• Swim Lessons
• Water Fitness
• Lifeguard Certifications
• Birthday Parties/Private Rentals
• Recreational Swimming
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AQUATIC TRENDS
When developing tomorrow's vision for aquatic programming, it is important to understand traditional
uses and trends in aquatic programs. Trends evolve in the aquatic industry as swimming expectations
evolve. While national surveys continually rank swimming as a favorite recreational sport,today's aquatic
centers incorporate recreation swimming and wellness pools to augment revenue of competitive
swimming, thereby creating multi-generational facilities through shared expenses.
Contemporary aquatic centers are fully ADA accessible, allowing everyone to benefit from aquatic
activities.Compliance with the 2010 Standards for Accessible Design specifically states that all pools larger
than 300 linear feet of pool wall perimeter need at least two accessible means of entry, one of which
needs to be either a pool lift or a sloped entry.The secondary means of entry can be either a lift or sloped
entry, or pool access stairs, transfer system, or transfer wall. Pools with less than 300 linear feet of pool
wall perimeter need one accessible means of entry,either a pool lift or sloped entry.Spas need one entry,
which can be either a pool lift, transfer system or a transfer wall.As more athletes cross train with water
fitness components and more doctors recommend water rehabilitation for injured, overweight diabetic,
and aging patients, multi-generational aquatic centers are inclusive of the entire community.
The following describes national trends for four aquatic user groups: lessons and fitness, water wellness,
recreation, and competitive swimmers. The descriptions make evident the very different requirements
for each of these aquatic user groups when planning and designing an aquatic facility.
Lessons and Fitness Enthusiasts
Swim Lessons
According to the Centers for Disease Control, more than one in five 4,
people who die from drowning are children age 14 and younger. For _
every child who dies from drowning, another four receive •
emergency care for nonfatal submersion injuries, which can cause ==r'
brain damage that may result in long-term disabilities, including
memory problems, learning disabilities, and permanent loss of basic k
functioning.' ..
Drowning Prevention is essential for children and adults, whether living in areas with natural bodies of
water or simply being invited to pool parties. With more than one available pool in an aquatic center,
lessons can be maximized so that a large number of residents can be taught to swim. Ideally, water depth
for instruction should accommodate young participants to stand comfortably in the water. Recreation
pools easily provide this preference. Deeper competition pools offer moveable floors or other means of
altering water depth for instructional purposes.
A well-run water lesson program is essential in introducing young swimmers to safe aquatic skills that can
be used throughout their lives. By offering the community a comfortable,controlled aquatic environment,
swimming and diving lessons can become an enjoyable learning experience. There are many different
types of water safety lessons that can teach children not only how to swim and dive but how to survive in
adverse water conditions. From small watercraft instruction to learn to swim, water safety is an integral
part of any community. Many will go on to formal competitive aquatic programs in school or age-group
swimming programs.Some will excel to become state champions. Benefits such as scholarship offers may
occur when a swimmer or diver selects a college,which could lead to national-level competition.
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Entrapments
Aware of 74 cases of body entrapments, including 13 confirmed deaths Zf : y * __.c'.v ! ,s
between January 1990 and August 2004,the U.S.Consumer Product Safety . .?"..ti,w,, .'
Commission reported the deaths were the result of drowning after the . _ ':f_:t' "
body or limb was held against the drain by the suction of the circulation ,'! rt-2-
MS�
pump. The incidents occurred in both residential and public settings.2 -t ^. , _ ''_ "-M
VaPDX
Subsequently, a new federal pool and spa safety law was signed by former ti
President George W. Bush on December 19, 2007. The Virginia Graeme ' • %'+
Baker Pool and Spa Safety Act requires all public pools and spas to have safety drain covers, and in certain
circumstances, an anti-entrapment system? The goal of the law is to improve the safety of all pools and
spas by increasing the use of layers of protection and promoting uninterrupted supervision to prevent
child entrapments and drownings.
When teaching outside standard lesson, some classes mimic the natural environment through instructor
creativity(i.e., creating wave action with hands and arms to mimic river tides), while others simply require
small children to memorize what they would do in a situation where drowning is likely, and then enact
memorized skills with an instructor present.
Lifeguarding and CPR
Water rescue skills and CPR are typically taught to all lifeguards. However, ""'"" " " "" "'''"
water rescue and CPR skill education is integral to the community because a:' ? u. ". ' " "fix,
families are the true lifeguards of one another whether at the beach or a >; :' A..
backyard pool. Often, such courses are sponsored by the Red Cross, Ellis
and Associates, and other providers of safety training. :;. •'
School District Lesson Users '} , '". c4 i `
School districts are often valuable contributors to help efficiently program
aquatic facilities. Potential programming might embrace swim lessons for elementary students,
lifeguarding classes, physical education classes, therapy for high school athletes, and other joint
partnership agreements to aid in directing area children to learn to swim. Aquatic sports (diving, water
polo, synchronized swimming, underwater hockey, etc.)can contribute to the overall use of the facility as
well as fitness use by faculty, special education therapy, and recreation. In addition, an aquatic facility
may provide aquatic opportunities to pre-school children cared for by private daycare providers.
Aquatic Fitness J ;::
r.,. 3..,..._.:w.
The more often the pool can be utilized for group activities for i r, .�.•._1-7
participants and spectators, the more likely the aquatic facility will be '1�'4 .
al ���.
"alive" day in and day out. The types of activities that tend to draw a ; — •:..„ "
crowd are participatory, measurable, exciting, and often challenging — `,. i•
but not always so challenging that only the elite can participate. '
Activities can be tailored to different ages, sizes, and/or skill levels.
The industry has responded to the continued popularity of aquatic
fitness by creating a wide range of activities with related devices and equipment for a greater diversity of
water-based aqua exercise options. Aerobic dancing, walking, and running in shallow and deep-water
environments, including current channels for walking against the current, are just a few of the choices
available to people wishing to add less stressful elements of a cross-training regimen or even to use aqua
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aerobics for their entire fitness program. Additionally, businesses might sponsor or subsidize aquatic
fitness as part of their employee wellness training discipline.
Aquatic fitness also remains one of the most popular forms of exercise among senior adults. Data taken
from the National Center for Health Statistics shows lifetime expectancy is up 30 years since 1900.4 The
older adult market spans four generations from the Progressive Era 1900-1928, Depression Era 1929-
1939, WWII Era 1940-1945, and Baby Boomers 1946-1964.The older adult market can be a large, affluent
market willing to participate in water fitness, wellness programming, and other recreation opportunities.
This diverse age group from 55 to 90+ includes sub-groups of which some are still working, some have
children in college, and some are focusing on retirement, grandkids, and wellness. Consequently, seniors
can be willing,enthusiastic participants if certain requirements are met.They typically feel uncomfortable
in an environment with teens and generally respond better to strictly defined programming of well-
structured activities such as water aerobics,arthritis water exercise,water walking, physical therapy,adult
swim lessons, 'Save a Life' workshops, lap swimming, and Masters swimming.
Aquatic Exercise Trends
AquaBata Shallow
Take advantage of the latest trend in fitness to deliver the next level of training to your aquatic
programs. High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT), including the specialized Tabata format, transitions into
the water with high-powered results. Minimal choreography, maximal results —AquaBata training is the
hottest workout in the pool that attracts a younger market, including men! AquaBata....for an Aqua Body!
Aquatic Cardlo Programs
Discover the key concepts necessary to create safe, effective and enjoyable shallow water aerobic
programs. Creative sequencing, smooth transitions and movement variations will help leaders to develop
a unique style of choreography or movement progression. All aquatic professionals can benefit from this
hands-on application of the physical properties of water in various cardio class formats.
Aquatic Circuit Applications 2
Circuit training can open your pool to a wide array of training options that are time efficient and fun. Part
2 of this popular workshop offers all new ideas for creative circuit training in shallow water, along with
suggestions for deep-water formats. Explore instructor-guided and self-guided methods to provide
optimum results for your pool, your participants and your teaching personality. Innovative ideas fuse
cardio and resistance training to help participants achieve fitness goals.
Aquatic Interval Applications
Create dynamic interval formats for the pool that can be adjusted for various ages and abilities through
Work: Recovery ratios, movement tempos, exercise choices and impact options. This interactive
workshop will assist you in developing motivating aquatic interval programs to enhance training results
for participants and allow you to lead the workout safely &effectively from the pool deck.
Aquatic Kick Boxing
Explore innovative, safe and effective aquatic Kick Boxing! This program is great for group fitness
instructors, small group fitness leaders, trainers and coaches! This interactive non-stop format includes
movement modifications and adaptations for the pool. Learn basics and beyond to successfully build
techniques into programs for all ages and fitness levels. Explore the benefits of three modalities; stand-
alone training, combination programming and multi-sport fitness workout options.
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Boot Camp Deep
Take your boot camp to the deep and experience suspended training with a high intensity, non-
choreographed workout. Learn how to employ a variety of body positions (vertical, horizontal and
diagonal), as well as specific training drills that utilize the pool wall. Command attention in your deep-
water classes with challenging formats geared for advanced training. Lower intensity modifications will
be discussed.
Boot Camp Shallow
Ten-hut! Push participants past training plateaus with a platoon of shallow water training designed to
target fitness components of agility, balance, coordination and speed in addition to cardio capacity. This
no-nonsense workout formula delivers high-intensity training options, with and without equipment, to
maximize results.Training tactics may not be suitable for beginning exercisers, persons with special needs
or those unwilling to get their hair wet.
Core Training +Stretch Techniques
Dive into a pool of core training techniques that include standing, traveling and buoyant options to
develop dynamic strength for improved function. Learn options with, and without, equipment to meet a
variety of goals and successfully target all skill levels. Flow into a sampler of stretching techniques—static,
dynamic and equipment assisted options. From relaxing mind-body options for warm waters to fluid
movements for cool pools, learn how to remain flexible in all environments!
Deeper Applications 2
Dive deeper into aquatic programming applications by taking advantage of current trends in
fitness. Deeper Applications 2 offers updated information and creative new fitness formats to promote
continued progression in your deep-water classes and personal training sessions. Experience suspended
high intensity interval training (HIIT) concepts, including the Tabata protocol, which effectively target the
cardio system while challenging the core.
N20 Body Sculpting & Resistance Training
Add resistance, through the use of equipment and body positions, to create a shallow-water fitness
program that targets muscular strength & endurance, range of motion and balance skills. Learn how to
effectively integrate both impacting and grounded techniques to accommodate various fitness levels, as
well as different pool considerations, such as water depth and temperature! This high-powered workout
explores another level of training with controlled resistance.
Next Level Noodle
Take your aquatic class to the next level with creative cardio, targeted toning, and core concepts...all with
the pool noodle. Explore all impact levels (grounded, propulsion & levels I, II, Ill) and modifications for all
ability levels in this fun-focused, total body conditioning class.
PiYoChi Cardio Intervals
A motivating interval format integrates Pilates & Yoga techniques with cardio training to create mind-
body programming suitable for cooler water temperatures (83-86 F). Pilates' concepts target the
"powerhouse" muscles of the core; Yoga focuses on alignment, awareness and breath control; cardio
components burn calories and keep the participant warm. Expand group exercise and personal training
options with this functional fusion of training principles for the pool!
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Rated M for Mature
This Aquatic Aerobic & Resistance Program (AARP) is fun, targets function, and provides fundamental
exercises for the mature market. Baby Boomers and beyond want a training program that meets their
needs and interests, while accommodating special concerns, such as fear of falling. Develop purposeful
movement to achieve balance, coordination, mental awareness, posture, and range of motion needed for
active lifestyles, as well as independent living.
Successful Senior Strategies
Aquatic programming that targets the senior population spells success! From marketing and promotion
to music and motivation, every concept of program design, development and implementation must be
considered. Explore this creative collection of pool programs that are perfect for the older adult market:
Circuits with Class; Interval Integration; Water Walk 101; Strong, Stretched & Senior. Take home four
complete programs and ideas for getting started...successfully!
Upper Body, Core& More
Heat up your shallow water classes with an array of upper body and core training applications. Learn how
to apply fun, force and function to basic arm patterns building progressions for all goals and abilities. Next,
explore how to integrate unilateral and bilateral upper body moves and impact variations for core training
benefits. Finally, put it all together with and without equipment for endless combinations.
Aquatic programming accommodates beginner lessons that graduate to higher levels of intensity and skill.
The following provides a snapshot of popular aquatic fitness programs.
• Finning: This active swimming program requires training fins or flippers and utilizes fitness lap
lanes of a pool.The kicking and pulling enhances conditioning and toning.
• Scuba and Snorkeling: These lessons are growing in popularity (possibly due to the increase of
environmental professions) and typically start in swimming pools.
• Scuba Rangers: Scuba and snorkeling skills are taught to kids 8 to 12 while using underwater
flashlights, navigation compasses, and underwater photography.
• Underwater Hockey: According to USOA Underwater Hockey, "The pool should be 25-meters by
15-meters and two-meters deep all the way across, but anything will do, even slopes (just change
ends at half-time). Lead weights and three meters of rope can be used as goals, though the sound
of the puck thunking into the back of a metal goal is very satisfying and should be experienced."
• Water Polo: Dimensions of a water polo pool are not fixed and can vary between 20 by 10 and 30
by 20 meters. Minimum water depth must be at least six feet. The goals are three meters wide
and 90 centimeters high.
• Kayak Polo:This sport involves water polo being played from kayaks. According to Carolina Kayak
Polo, "It is difficult to describe the passion and excitement that is created when a kayak water
polo game is in progress. The participants—speeding the length of the pool weaving through the
opponent's lines of defense and spinning in their kayaks to receive a pass—create a fast and
thrilling event."
• Water Basketball: Ideated in 1986 by Italian teacher, Francesco Rizzuto, this sport is a mixture of
basketball and water polo. When designing a pool, full court water basketball is more challenging
when tile lines are encrypted into the floor of the pool.
• Water Volleyball: Portable and floatable aqua water volleyball sets come complete with two net
positions, two anchor bags, and a staked floating perimeter boundary.
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• Triathlons:These athletic competitions, which the contestants compete in three different events
to find the best all-around athlete, typically consist of swimming, cycling, and running.
• Kayak and Canoe Clubs: Due to the popularity of Extreme Sports, kayak and canoe clubs are
growing in popularity and use large pools for training.
Swim lessons, lap swimming, water jogging, deep-water aerobics, lifesaving instruction, diving lessons,
survival swimming, synchronized swimming, water polo, underwater hockey, and scuba instruction can
take place in a competitive/lesson/training pool, which frees up the recreation pool for swimmers who
want to use the play features. Fitness classes are usually offered in the morning, at lunchtime, and in the
early evening. Instructor information and/or training can be acquired through organizations such as the
Arthritis Foundation; American Red Cross; Aquatic Exercise Association; American Alliance for Health,
Physical Education, Recreation and Dance (AAHPERD); and United States Water Fitness.
Aquatic Physical Therapy
Aquatic therapy is rehabilitation performed in warm water and involves
physical activity of exercise and motion in the presence of a licensed 7 7 A {'
aquatic physical therapist. Warm water may increase the dynamics of
blood pressure and blood and lymph circulation as well as decreasing
swelling in skin and other tissues. Participation in an aquatic therapy
program offers improvement in:
• Overall health and fitness
• Stretching capacity
• Range of motion
• Movement capabilities
• Coordination
• Physical stamina and endurance
• Swimming skills, safety, and abilities
Though many people who use aquatic therapy are enthusiasts of meditation or massage,some are looking
for rehabilitating or improving a certain level of health. The Aquatic Exercise Association certifies
instructors to teach Arthritis Foundation Arthritis Programs. Many participants in these programs report
reduced arthritis symptoms, including increased mobility and decreased pain Living a lithe longer
and stiffness.' New studies by the Aquatic Exercise Association suggest that Life expectancy for Americans has
the management of bone density can be facilitated by water exercise.'When beeaextended by 30 years an the
pa3Tc9ntury.
moderate exercise is recommended for obese patients, the low-gravity U.S.rfeexpectancy 77:9
qualities of aquatic therapy can be very appealing to this user group. Over the 8OYxars
past several years, water exercise programs have multiplied in health clubs, s°47:3
pain clinics, and hospitals. Users include: a0--
• Injured Athletes: Athletic trainers and sports medicine physicians are 2°-
prescribing aquatic therapy as a rehabilitative/preventive fitness o
1900'0
0 4Y 0 '80 902000'04
program. SOURCES:Census Bureau: AP
Nationall Center forHealth Statislcs
• Post-Operative Patients and the Disabled: Includes patients with
physical ramifications such as spinal dysfunctions, post-operative muscle toning, injuries, and
arthritis.
• Arthritis Sufferers: The Arthritis Foundation certifies instructors to teach arthritis exercises such
as Rusty Hinges and Joint Effort.
16
16
• Aging Baby Boomers: Some 70 million strong, "boomers" invented the fitness movement and
show no sign of abandoning it as they age, especially in warm water pools.
• Obese Patients: More doctors are prescribing aquatic physical therapy for overweight issues.
• Pregnant Women: Effects of the low resistance of water exercise is soothing to this user group.
• Meditation Enthusiasts: Fans of mind and body movements enjoy immersing in warm water pools
to complete the tranquil state of meditation.
Key Components of Aquatic Therapy Centers
Aquatic physical therapy centers are growing in necessity for rejuvenation and social wellness for
rehabilitation needs and developmental disorders. Colorful environments and interactive water is a
stimulating, effective, and cathartic treatment, while specific design elements are ultimately inspired by
the rehabilitative needs of patients. Key components include:
• Warm pool water capability with fast pool turnovers.
• High-quality water chemical treatment systems, including dual sanitization methods and an
appropriately designed HVAC/DH system.
• Easy access from the parking lot to the locker rooms, pool deck, and into the pool.
• Ample space in locker rooms and wider pool deck for wheelchairs, walkers, dry and wet
equipment, and dry-side therapy.
• In-water amenities such as perimeter railings, aerobic steppers, treadmills, underwater benches,
and ramps.
• Flexible pool depths for multiple programmatic needs.
• Aesthetically pleasing and light-filled private spaces.
Recreation Swimmers
Successful aquatic centers combine creative water play areas for various
age groups in a safe, friendly atmosphere. While aquatic recreation has •
become much more age-defined, attractions have age limitations and M :-
appropriateness due to elements of thrill and capabilities. Tots enjoy
shallowpoolswithgentlewaterfeaturesand playareas tucked securelyout ?• K h «'
�'.��'�^: ":' ... rt
of the way of the more active areas. Once children grow out of the tot
stage, they enjoy romping in zero-depth recreation pools, making their 11
adventurous way across lily pad walks, and climbing on participatory play features with "just-their-size"
waterslides. Older children speed down flume and drop slides and enjoy larger water play structures.
Teens enjoy gathering spots like action islands with access to deep water pools and more adventurous
waterslides. Lazy rivers and current channels cater to most demographics while spas and lap lanes are
geared towards adults.
Recreational Aquatic National Trends by Age Group
Age Group Recreational:Aquatic:Age-Group::National::Trends
Age 0-3 Tot pool, tot slides, gentle spray features
Age 4-7 Water sprayground, zero-depth pool, participatory play features, sand play
Age 8-11 Water walks, large play structures, full-size waterslides, open water
17
17
Age 12-16 Water walks, large waterslides, open water, lazy river, gathering places, sand
volleyball, mat racer, diving boards
Age 17-22 Action island, intense waterslides, flow rider, mat racer, climbing wall, open
water, sand volleyball, drop slides, diving boards
Age 23-45 Zero-depth pool (to be w/children), open water, spa, sun deck, lap lanes, lazy
river, waterslides, diving boards
Age 46+ Spa, sun deck, lap lanes, lazy river, family-friendly waterslides
Source: Counsilman-Hunsaker
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18
Recreation Pool Features
.y ., • Leisure Pool
The free-form leisure pool provides an inviting atmosphere with
' a ' " a "" plenty of shallow water from zero-depth to four feet, allowing
�s;; ' ; .. ����r+..: - 4--,-, • ' adults and children to interact for hours of splash and play
---,--tic--f_ _. - . entertainment. With opportunity for many different sizes and
%�' ;,; .� ,r•'..p a-,r+. , ,; designs,the leisure pool is a desirable amenity for all age and skill
:` � ..�: . ;�,�� .:. levels where various attractions may be incorporated to increase
": ��.i�t.:,,.,, ':roc: the experience factor, which increases attendance,the amount of
time spent at the facility, and return visits.
• • .,*x Participatory Play Feature
. ••••• :�.'i:`n:....m:u;',MA;:if ' tom.:. .
•t ':";;>" >,: ;.,;.;�� Located within the leisure pool, play features are multi-level,
,::;: ;''";: ,aN-`„ 0..•"' ' si. interactive structures where children can scamper through
,....... .:-':. ....;fir
•"'r w:=w w.=a'% t * spraying water, climb across bridges, scurry over and under
iI ju
st-their-size 1, � tunnels, and slide down waterslides. As children
- a. .-,• *M - 'II-.:'-. =` manipulate valves and chains, they control where and when the
'..-- water sprays will occur—all within sight of parents and lifeguards.
ri
- ' Current Channel
...... "4" " A current channel is part of the leisure pool, usually 6-8 feet wide,
v
mµM.. a with water traveling at approximately two and a half miles per
i'wYw.
=`-' -.....n. hour. The channel is very popular as a water walking setting for
••'...: t fitness classes or adults seeking non-programmed exercise,
mm:T
walking with or against the current.
C:.
�} Water Vortex
. . ;::.> .` • An interesting area within a leisure pool is a vortex where water jets
• +_'_-•- -'' -r= :_e: ''..:;.... propel water in a circular motion. Children of all ages enjoy
-,`•___ " r r v2 swimmin in the swirlin water where the imagination determines
i -'.,':,-- ' A ;;;ii >.' the adventure. Depending on the size of the vortex,when the pump
--- 'E--'t for the vortex is turned off, this area can provide an instruction
ice` gia* space for lesson programming for youngsters, classes and activities.
:::: isigig Waterslides
...::::::::::::::::::::::t
a;,uuuuuuuu;;; ;;;;;tttttt >><�s»>
"'""::::s at ' ° "" The thrill of mounting the stairs to the exhilaration of sliding down
...........................:::::::::::::
jiiiii
into the water makes waterslides a desired attraction. While some
' =i ' iiir slides are straight with a steep or gentle gradient, others wind down
with sharp enclosedcurves orhigh walls the outside of th
e curves.
;g,..
f .. ..... r:"I ;.0.- .33 Slides can be a long tube or alternate between an open chute and
closed tube. Experiences can range from family-friendly to
surprisingly intense.
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19
Drop Slide
-r "'P'il 1—LatasaMainall A drop slide offers the thrill of walking up the steps of the
,,,y waterslide, hearing the excitement and splash of water sliders
y,,,a x ahead, then sliding down to the water with the bonus of dropping
1141�"kl� •• �t; $. into the pool upon exit in a short freefall.
d" - '. A,n: i,,•,: >: . :. Lap Lanes
::.. .:r. ' : `i Fitness lap swimming and water walking are important to many
... ::....u.:
•..;.,,•• : ; .... a.:w. adults and seniors. Opportunities for limited practice and training
..�u:: `... .... ; `' ''" •:- ; ' '" 4 exist in a two, three or four lane 25-yard lap pool adjacent to the
•wm... h�
1' ''"' ""`.— `vs � leisure pool. Additionally, programming can be incorporated for
'''A !" w '' :: :_- .....'' lessons and activities.
.- t Climbing Wall
• A kids' climbing wall offers the experience, physical activity, and
challenge of climbing with the water underneath to cushion the
— fall.
•
Additional Support Amenities
Community pools have bathhouses that provide lockers/
a. �' >, a.:::..:• showers/changing/restrooms for their guests. Snack/ concession
areasforthus offering
..v :, provide food hungry appetites, ff ring a day-long
" • ^ 'mm ecan increase revenueoffering�,,. -•' experience. Birthday party rooms by off
'' "'Ts sit: swim parties with games and food.
u
a .
20
20
Competitive User Groups
A competition pool must be 25 yards or 25 meters for short-course events
and 50 meters for long-course events. USA Swimming and FINA sanction .m .
short-course 25-meter as well as long-course 50-meter competitions. ........::.; '':.
Depending on the level of competition,a minimum of six lanes is required, ; _ ''
but eight lanes are expected to better allow for larger heats.While almost
all 50-meter pools have ten lanes, 1 and 10 serve as buffer lanes. National •`•"
caliber water polo matches take place in 30-meter fields of play minimum
with at least a 2-meter zone behind each goal line. High schools, USA
Swimming, the YMCA, and NCAA conduct short-course 25-yard ,a" - .
•
competitions. For high school and NCAA events, a pool must have a
minimum of six lanes, each at least seven feet wide. Several current >" :s`
standards require six feet or more of water depth beneath starting blacks.
While some shallow water is acceptable, water depths of two meters or • •
�"
more "is required" as per applicable rules. ;; ...- :,��.;,u„�,,:�,
High school and college water polo often use 25-yard
and 25-meter pools, but all high-level meets for USA
Water Polo and international events are held in 50-
meter pools. Water depth of two meters or more "is ::<�
required" as per applicable rules. Synchronized ,.i_::#:::.#:::::;r::::€:::::#:::::#:::
swimming requires a deep, 12-by-25-meter pool . :��.:ir:::�::r::r::rr:::=r
area. A minimum water depth of 2.5 meters "is 4?: :417:::::::: :::::t:::::t::::':t::::: v''
required" as per applicable rules. National and
international events are generally conducted in 50-
meter pools.
Today, nine governing bodies sanction meets and matches in their respective sports, including:
1. USA Swimming
2. National Federation of State High School Associations(NFSHSA)
3. National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA)
4. Federation International de Natation Amateur (FINA)
5. USA Water Polo
6. USA Diving
7. USA Synchronized Swimming
8. USA Masters Swimming
9. YMCA
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21
Diving
t" w . Many pool operators have decided to remove diving boards for
x .a. fear of injury to patrons. However, with proper water depth and
supervision, springboard diving is one of the safest sports in
y�,.t • , r' c„,., " existence. No catastrophic diving injuries, recreational or
competitive, have occurred in pools sanctioned by any of the main
governing bodies in competitive diving. Diving is an integral aspect
of many aquatics programs, being found in swimming lessons,
-'v'^ - --- recreational swimming, competitive swimming, and of course,
competitive diving. Diving is a very important skill to learn as a headfirst entry into water always poses a
safety risk, especially into shallow water. However, racing starts and recreational diving can be safely
performed, provided that basic precautions are taken.
Springboard Diving
• Water depth must be adequate under, in front of, and to the sides of the board. The Y-USA
guideline is to provide at least 11 feet of water depth for a one-meter board.
• A trained coach should be present for practice and competition, in addition to the lifeguards.
• When the diving facilities are in use, a lifeguard should be specifically stationed in that area to
manage the activity and to enforce the following rules:
o Only one diver is allowed on the board at a time.
o Only one bounce is allowed at the end of the board.
o Dive or jump directly ahead.
o Exit immediately at the nearest ladder after each entry.
o The hands must enter the water first on all headfirst dives.
Racing Dives/Starting Blocks
• Most authorities,Y-USA included, now require five feet of water depth for starting block usage.
• Non-springboard diving instruction, whether teaching competitive dives to new swimmers or
teaching new diving techniques to experienced swimmers, should be performed in no less than
nine feet of water.
• Starting blocks should be used only with the direct supervision of a trained coach.
• Starting blocks should be clearly marked as closed when not in use.A cone or cover is suggested
on each block to keep untrained or unsupervised users off the block.
Open Swim General Rules
• Diving from the pool deck should not be permitted in less than nine feet of water.
• "No Diving" signs as well as depth markers should be placed conspicuously at the water's edge
and at other locations in the facility. Lifeguards must strictly enforce this rule.
• Inform new users and outside groups of the diving rules before they enter the water.
22
22
High School Users
High school varsity swimming is typically well supported in most communities
across the U.S.; however, many schools lack the ideal facility for training and .x,,
competition. Because quality pool time is usually scarce in most areas, renting
pool time from other area facilities can be daunting due to various needs and
agendas, thus pool availability can diminish as facilities experience capacity. raw um:
High school competitive swimming requirements include:
• Course length of 25 yards with a minimum width of 45 feet for six 7-foot-wide lanes or 60 feet for
eight 7-foot-wide lanes
• 125 spectator seats
• Pace clocks, stretch cords, mats (for sit-ups, etc.), free weights, medicine balls, weight training
equipment, kickboards, fins, paddles, pull buoys, and goggles
USA Swimming
USA Swimming formulates rules, implements policies and procedures, sanctions national championships,
disseminates safety and sports medicine information, and selects athletes to represent the United States
in international competitions. USA Swimming has 337,084 year-round members nationwide and sanctions
more than 7,000 events each year. USA Swimming has organized regional and national competitions for
age group competitive swimming in the United States. The base for popularity is primarily a young age
group that begins around age eight and peaks at age 11 as shown in the chart below.
'.. 2055 Year-round Athlete Membership
aniptaiti
8&Uncle r 11,663 5,760 17,423 5.2% 9,050 4,281 13,331 4.0% 30,754 9.2%
9 7,687 8,052 15,739 4.7% 5,]28 5,868 11,596 3.4% 27,335 8.1%
10 7,848 12,336 20,184 6.0% 5,]64 8,868 14,632 4.3% 34,816 10.3%
4,365 16,147 23,512 7.0% 5,352 11,297 16,649 4.9% 40,161 11.9%
12 5,937 17,857 23,794 7.1% 4,563 12,506 17,069 5.1% 40,863 12.2%
13 4,219 17,778 21,997 6.5% 3,3]5 11,907 15,282 4.5% 37,279 11.0%
14 2,903 16,274 19,177 5.7% 2,585 11,810 14,395 4.3% 33,572 10.0%
15 1,779 13,535 15,314 4.5% 1,826 10,356 12,182 3.6% 27,496 8.1%
16 1,165 10,761 11,926 3.5% 1,251 8,564 9,815 2.9% 21,741 6.4%
® 709 8,646 9,355 2.8% 924 7,611 8,535 2.5% 17,890 5.3%
18 327 6,174 6,501 1.9% 544 6,218 6,]62 2.0% 13,263 3.9%
198f0ver 362 5,029 5,391 1.6% 460 6,063 6,523 1.9% 11,914 3.5%
TOTAL 51,964 138,349 190,313 56.5% 41,422 105,349 146,711 43.4% 337,084
Zones
USA Swimming has four zones subdivided into fourteen regions. The four zones are Eastern, Southern,
Central, and Western.
There shall be at least two (2) Spring and one (1) Summer Sectional meets in each Zone.
A. Summer Sectional
1. The Summer Sectional shall be a Long Course meet.
2. The Summer Sectional meet shall be no more than four (4) days long, and shall conclude
between eight (8) and twenty-two (22) days prior to the U.S. Open or Junior Nationals,
whichever comes first.
3. The Summer Sectional meet shall have at least one 18-and-under final heat per individual
event.
23
23
B. Spring Sectional
1. The Spring Sectional meet should be no more than 3 1/2days long. The dates may vary
according to the needs of each Zone.
2. The Spring Sectional meet shall have at least one 18-and-under final heat per individual
event.
There shall be not more than sixteen(16)Spring and sixteen (16)Summer meets.Sectional Championship
dates and sites shall be selected by the Sections and approved by the respective Zone Directors.
USA Swimming
Local Swirnrning Committees &Zones
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.N^.. blman 0 sta,
24
24
Competitive Events Overview
USA Swimming Competitive Events/Requirements
The following chart details the types of competitive swimming events with an approximate number of
swimmers, pool requirements for competition and warm-up space, as well as the spectator seating
requirements.
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c,xt[bP"K6 24P w=.4nlome.xxgxtre o+lart't*.0 w.
United States Masters Swimming
United States Masters Swimming (USMS) programs are open to all adult swimmers (fitness, triathlete,
competitive, non-competitive) dedicated to improving their fitness through swimming. Founded in 1970,
the non-profit corporation is organized with 450 clubs throughout the United States. Membership consists
of almost 65,000 swimmers ranging in age from 18 to over 100. Within the clubs, structured workouts
offer training assistance for specific goals for a healthy lifestyle through camaraderie. Pool and open water
races provide opportunities to compete and measure individual progress at the local,state, national, and
international levels. USMS programs also offer stroke and technique clinics, workshops, instruction, and
social functions. Competitions are organized by age groups of five-year increments (18-24, 25-29, 30-34,
35-39, etc.to 95 and over). Events include 50, 100, 200, 500, 1000 and 1650 freestyle (400, 800 and 1500
in meters); 50, 100 and 200 backstroke, breaststroke and butterfly; and 100, 200, and 400 individual
medleys. There are also freestyle and medley relays for men, women, and/or mixed teams. Open water
swims are held in most locales during the summer and can range in distance from one to ten miles.Special
events such as seeing how far you can swim in one hour are contested through the mail. USMS hosts two
national championship meets a year. A short course (25-yard pool) championship is held in May and a
long course (50-meter pool) championship is held in August. These four-day events rotate to different
locations around the country. International championships are conducted periodically by Masters Swim
organizations in countries throughout the world.'
' 25
25
Community Swim and Dive Teams
Numerous communities sponsor competitive swimming and diving teams for children and teens. The
purpose is to offer opportunity to enjoy the healthy fun of swimming; to support individual achievement
of personal bests; and to promote goal setting, life skills, and sportsmanship. Teams typically adhere to
recognized swimming rules and swim the standard strokes of swim meets but in shorter lengths.
Swimmers with limited or no competitive experience are provided stroke conditioning clinics as a
recommended alternative. Teams are usually more active in the warmer months, and not directly
associated with a national swim organization. Many swimmers who begin their competitive swimming
experience on a local swim team proceed to join nationally governed teams.
Pool Rental
Competitive swimmers, particularly members of independent swimming associations, are accustomed to
renting lane space for training as well as leasing entire facilities, either for long-term use or on a one- to
three-day basis for special events and competitions. Although there is more than one accepted way to
receive fees from swim teams, pool lane rental is usually based on cost per lane/per hour. Entire facilities
leased on a per-day basis generally have a fixed schedule of costs for such use. Long-term facility leases
are generally the product of negotiation and,accordingly, are too varied and specialized for consideration
in the context of this study.
Sustainable Construction
The United States Green Building Council has developed a rating system to qualify and quantify
sustainable design practices. Leadership in Energy & Environmental Design (LEED) uses established and
innovative practices, standards and technologies to provide a voluntary, consensus-based national
standard for green building. As a catalyst for justifiable credits to reduce environment exploitation and
occupant safety, credits add up to four levels of green award certification that can lead to tax credits:
Certified, Silver, Gold and Platinum. Credits are based on:
• Sustainable Sites
• Water Efficiency
• Energy Atmosphere
• Materials and Resources
• Indoor Environmental Quality
• Innovation and Design Process
The following U.S. Green Building Council research is helpful in understanding the costs and advantages
of designing a LEED certified building.
Cost of LEED (based on a sampling of 40 constructed buildings)
Platinum: 6.8%
Gold: 2.2%
Silver: 1.9%
Certified: 0.66%
Advantages of LEED
8- 9% decrease in operating costs
7.5% increase in building values
26
26
6.6% improvement in ROI
3.5% increase in occupancy
3% rent increase
The assumptions in this report are consistent with a silver/gold rating protocol.'
Economic Growth
Encouraging residents to use public recreation facilities requires helpfulness of the promotional materials,
perceived value against other providers, and public awareness that the facility addresses the prevailing
needs and concerns of the community. The aquatic center must be seen as integral to economic
development through:
• Real estate values and property tax
• Business attraction and retention
• Stimulating the creative economy
• Promoting tourism
According to the Importance of Quality of Life in the Location Decisions of New Economy Firms, "modern
businesses typically choose communities with cultural and recreational amenities that will attract and
retain a well-educated workforce.i9 This enlarges the tax base and stimulates the economy, which then
provides more tax revenue that parks and recreation agencies can use to enhance or expand
infrastructure, facilities, and programs. Park and recreation amenities stimulate happier and healthier
families, positive business growth and economic development opportunities, contributing to quality of
life. Creative, active people choose to live in communities with high quality amenities and experiences.
Further, championship venues bring tourism revenue to local hotels, restaurants, and retail businesses.
Bundling Amenities
Locating aquatic centers adjacent to parks, schools, businesses and transportation hubs promotes
accessibility. Bundling civic destination points can encourage customers to extend the duration of their
visit, nurture community identity, and increase operational efficiency for those agencies responsible for
park maintenance and facility security by minimizing demand on parking lots, access roads, and traffic
signals.
If the site has an existing recreation facility, utilities more than likely are already in place. Electricity,
natural gas, water and sewer services can be very expensive to introduce to a site from main trunk lines,
especially if those lines are several miles away. Because bringing utilities to the project site has no
programmatic or recreation value, the adjacency and availability of existing utilities can dramatically and
positively impact site development costs with little or no negative impact to the end user.This allows the
bulk of construction monies to be allocated for recreational improvements.
Many communities choose to co-locate outdoor and indoor facilities to share spaces without either facility
interrupting the operations of the other. For example, a separate outdoor entrance to an aquatic center
can accommodate patrons to that facility, minimizing congestion in the main building. Plans can be made
for locker rooms to support both outdoor and indoor spaces, eliminating redundancy. Physically
connecting the indoor aquatic spaces with those that are outside makes for the easy transition of patrons
from outdoor to indoor swimming -- particularly crucial in cases of inclement weather. This also helps
keep facility guests on site, thus maximizing opportunities for revenue generation.
27
27
Useful promotional tools include partnerships with local business centers, which can generate valuable
word-of-mouth appeal for the facility. As noted, an aquatic center's economic well-being often depends
on its proximity to well-traveled roads, highways and transportation hubs. Sites located in valleys or on
hillsides adjacent to major highways can be developed into exciting destination points. A site in a valley
near a main transportation artery can be oriented such that guests enter the recreation facility and
instantly gain an overview of the park. This allows guests to immediately spot their favorite destinations
and level of anticipation, yet because of enhanced transparency also provides for the safety and comfort
of different age groups.
Marketing
Many marketing efforts will focus on the sales budget,developing an easy and concise means of explaining
activities and fees to users, and creating a simple protocol for scheduling rentals and other events.
Branding refers to the summation of all the amenities—state-of-the-art facilities, attractions, and
programming—in an eye-appealing package with a competitive advantage. Strong aesthetic visuals
include a cohesive logo,website, brochures, video spots, and staff uniforms. Competitive advantages may
include cross-generational multiplicity, daily admission fees versus membership fees, cultural diversity,or
perhaps the facility is the only championship venue in the region. For a loyal customer base, a great deal
of marketing effort will be focused on customer outreach.
Customer Outreach
Marketers understand their target market—a vital investment to success—by identifying potential user
groups while developing a clear message that explains how the aquatic center can fulfill their needs.
Marketers define the identity and mission(sell the experience)by branding around the core competencies
of the facility.They continue to benchmark successful recreation providers who are meeting the needs of
a market segment and generating demand,while finding what makes it work and determining what would
make it better.Their single most important ingredient is customer relationships (getting them and gaining
their loyalty). Valuing customers and their opinions gives users a sense of ownership and pride in the
facility, a perfect combination for continued word-of-mouth promotion. Identify user groups and verify
that the message of each marketing campaign is being successfully communicated. Customers are a
source of innovative ideas, thus marketers must:
• Identify user groups and verify that the message of each marketing campaign is being successfully
communicated.
• Ask for feedback through focus groups and surveys of programs while being open to customers'
observations and suggestions to help build a network within the community.
• Evaluate customer feedback to measure how users and nonusers view the image of the facility.
Use the information to determine current levels of satisfaction, program fulfillment, and future
needs.
• Make quantitative and qualitative improvements based on data (from what makes programs and
services successful) so that services are consistently high quality to increase revenue.
• Set objectives for improvement to increase market share.
• Identify resources and means of implementation by listing key action plans and cycle times.
• Brand services with consistency; position each service to fit the market segment and promote the
experience (benefit); people buy benefits.'°
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28
Marketing Development Plan
Take time to address market conditions and challenges; define steps to solve the challenges and improve
all aspects of the event or program by using a marketing development plan. When developing a special
event or program, answer the following questions.
1. What is the current situation you are addressing?
2. What are the market conditions?
3. What are the objectives of this marketing plan?
4. What are the key elements you wish to implement?
5. What are the timelines for each element?
6. What resources will be used for this implementation? (funds, staff, external
support)
7. How will you measure the success of the plan?
Media and Community Relations
Traditional advertising such as program brochures, school flyers, visual displays, newspaper, radio, and
television can target specific campaigns. As a not-for-profit entity, various local media outlets represent a
valuable opportunity for free or low-cost publicity. Develop public relation contacts with local broadcast
and print media by submitting articles or suggesting topics on the aquatic center's activities and services,
including issues involving education and accident prevention. The use of local celebrities, such as sports
and radio personalities, can also help promote events or sponsor organizations and outreach programs to
local groups, including girl/boy scouts, hospitals, retirement communities, and corporations. Such
programs can be tailored to the needs and interests of individual groups by focusing on wellness, safety,
training, competition, or recreation. Utilize small segmented promotions to create an individualized plan
for items of user interest, special events, and fun activities.
Corporate Sponsorship and Venue Signage
Shrinking funds and tightening budgets result in seeking opportunities to subsidize expenses of
construction and operation. Marketing opportunities look to local, regional, and even national businesses
for sponsorship and advertising signage.These opportunities can range from naming the entire facility for
an individual or commercial benefactor, to naming individual rooms, benches, tiles, and so forth.
Opportunities for revenue include selling permanent and temporary venue signage.
Digital Marketing
From your website itself to your online branding assets -- digital advertising, email marketing, online
brochures, and beyond -- there's a huge spectrum of tactics and assets that fall under the umbrella of
digital marketing. And the best digital marketers have a clear picture of how each asset or tactic supports
their overarching goals.
Here's a quick rundown of some of the most common assets and tactics:
Assets
• Your website
• Blog posts
• E-books and whitepapers
• Infographics
• Interactive tools
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• Social media channels (Facebook, Linked In, Twitter, Instagram, etc.)
• Earned online coverage (PR, social media, and reviews)
• Online brochures and look books
• Branding assets (logos, fonts, etc.)
Tactics
• Search Engine Optimization (SEO)
o The process of optimizing your website to 'rank' higher in search engine results pages,
therefore increasing the amount of organic (or free) traffic that your website receives.
• Content Marketing
o The creation and promotion of content assets for generating brand awareness, traffic
growth, lead generation, or customers.
• Inbound Marketing
o Inbound marketing refers to the 'full-funnel' approach to attracting, converting, closing,
and delighting customers using online content.
• Social Media Marketing
o The practice of promoting your brand and your content on social media channels to
increase brand awareness, drive traffic, and generate leads for your business.
• Pay-Per-Click (PPC)
o A method of driving traffic to your website by paying a publisher every time your ad is
clicked. One of the most common types of PPC is Google AdWords.
• Affiliate Marketing
o A type of performance-based advertising where you receive commission for promoting
someone else's products or services on your website.
• Native Advertising
o Native advertising refers to advertisements that are primarily content-led and featured
on a platform alongside other, non-paid content. BuzzFeed sponsored posts are a good
example, but many people also consider social media advertising to be 'native' -- for
example, Facebook advertising and Instagram advertising.
• Marketing Automation
o Marketing automation refers to the software that exists with the goal of automating
marketing actions. Many marketing departments should automate repetitive tasks such
as emails, social media, and other website actions.
• Email Marketing
o Companies use email marketing as a way of communicating with their audiences. Email is
often used to promote content, discounts and events, as well as to direct people towards
the business' website.
• Online PR
o Online PR is the practice of securing earned online coverage with digital publications,
blogs, and other content-based websites. It's much like traditional PR, but in the online
space.
Unlike most offline marketing efforts, digital marketing allows marketers to see accurate results in real
time. An effective digital marketing strategy combined with the right tools and technologies allows a
business to trace all its sales back to a customer's first digital touchpoint with the business. This is called
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attribution modeling, and it identifies trends in the way people research and buy products, helping
businesses make more informed decisions about what parts of the marketing strategy deserve more
attention, and what parts of the sales cycle need refining.
Connecting the dots between marketing and sales is immensely important -- according to Aberdeen
Group, companies with strong sales and marketing alignment achieve a 20% annual growth rate,
compared to a 4% decline in revenue for companies with poor alignment. Improving the customer's
journey through the buying cycle by utilizing digital technologies can reflect positively on a business'
bottom line.
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SWIMMING POOL STRUCTURE, MARKINGS & FEATURES
Perimeter Overflow and Recirculation
There are numerous gutter configurations available. The purpose of the overflow gutter in modern
swimming pools is to receive, capture and direct the surface water to the filtration and water treatment
system, usually through a surge tank. On a gutter type pool,a surge tank serves to accept water displaced
by bathers as they enter the pool and to minimize surges and waves in a competition pool. As such,
gutters are often used on larger pools that may warrant a more sophisticated approach to swimming pool
operation.
Deck Level Gutter
The deck-level or "rim flow" perimeter overflow system features a sr..'•"
gutter lipthat is veryclose to the elevation of thepool deck. This design :: w
g 'gam .
enables even weaker swimmers to egress over the water's edge with "'z•
little effort.
The disadvantage of the deck level configuration is that the decks
around this type ofpool are usuallyquite wet. Competitive swimmers ESEETERFER war
p
may initially dislike this gutter profile because it is difficult to see aaxese
reference point above the water. A butterfly or breaststroke swimmer
.:.. f:.:
may even misjudge the actual location of the turning surface during a :: •-
race. However, it has been the experience of Counsilman-Hunsaker that
today's competitive swimmers are advanced in stroke training and the
elimination of the point of end wall reference above the water level is
not needed. At a very young age competitive swimmers are taught to
•
base distance to end walls on floor markings and overhead backstroke
pennants.
•
•
Fully Recessed Gutter
•
This design had once been preferred by many competitive swimmers • rrrr. w;wt:x...,
and coaches. Under this design scenario the pool deck cantilevers over m:r::.':.'r': '..
thegutter trough with the topof the deck beinga roximatel 12 inch
g pp Y
..................... i::::::i. ...t t,......:.
above the water. The overhangprovides the competitive swimmer with
p
ssssss:
a visual,vertical reference plane for the underwater wall. The recessed : flat
" ' "stazza
""""""'
gutter captures the wave amplitude veryeffectivelyand keeps the pool '
p p p
decks relatively dry. The disadvantage is that the high overhang makes
'd !i�'�i 'I 'd €####ssssssssssssssssssssssY�s:
�..yu
egress from the pool rather difficult and as a result some people must •-`'• ,.::: Rik ' '-=`t' ' '''''
use one of the pool ladders (recessed steps with grab rails). Some • . '`".::..:µ M :.._"
swimmers have reported difficulty in hearing an instructor or coach
because of water noise and activity noise in the pool due to the 12 inch xx;,:,,.".
"
(±) sideboard created by the deck overhang, which can create an echo , ```a 'M. .'M` "
chamber effect.
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Roll Out Gutter
The third concept is the roll - out gutter profile. This design combines the
features of the fully recessed and the deck level configurations. It consists of
a gutter lip and grate at the water level. The pool deck is approximately 4
inch —5 inch above the water surface and it forms a curb at the rear of the
gutter grate. This curb contains much of the wave action and keeps the pool hE.x.x.x.x.x.x.x.x.m
deck relatively free of water washing up and over the gutter grating.
The resulting seat condition is an ideal location for swim lessons but creates
a change of elevation not seen in the deck level resulting in less usable deck.
The lack of a cantilever overhang at the water's edge still allows swimmers to * Witte
egress easily.
Parapet(Combination Rollout/ Fully Recessed)
With roll - out gutters along the side of the competition racing pool, raised fully recessed parapets are
frequently provided at the turning ends of the racecourse. These parapets } y r
create a 5-6 inch opening between the gutter lip and the parapet overhang.
The face of the overhang provides the visual reference for the approaching
swimmer (breaststroke, backstroke and butterfly). The parapet, because of
its height,creates a raised platform above the pool deck. Starting blocks must :.;; :1,:;;;;;
be sized for this height. The parapet extends out into the usable deck area ................w
reducing the deck width and creating an obstacle on the deck.
Swimming Pool Shell Construction
Considering the Competition Pool and Therapy/Instructional Pool will be
indoor pools, it is possible the exterior pool walls will be exposed to occupied rrr,
basement level spaces. As a result, waterproofing will be critical to a
successful design solution. The shell of a pool can be constructed of cast-in-place concrete,or PVC coated
stainless steel (a Myrtha type system). The final surface in either solution may include tile.
Cast-in-place concrete remains the most common method of pool tank construction for indoor swimming
pools.The concrete work for the pool is usually included with all other concrete installed for the building.
The all stainless-steel wall pool tank, which is often a pre-engineered solution is designed and fabricated
by the manufacturer and assembled on site. After the tank is completely assembled, all piping is
connected,and it operates as a conventional pool system. Manufacturers of such systems include Myrtha,
Fluidra, and Natare.
Interior Finish
Pool finishes can vary from epoxy paint, cementitious finishes, to ceramic tile. Traditionally epoxy paint
is the preferred solution for outdoor seasonal pools due to it durability and low cost. For interior pool, a
cementitious finish (plaster) or ceramic tile are preferred. While ceramic tile is generally preferred as the
best aesthetic finish it requires a significant capital cost investment. Therefore, a combination of tile and
cementitious finishes is very common for interior pools. Ceramic tile is used for lane lines, wall targets,
depth markings, warning signage and waterline boundaries.
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Pool Markings
Pool markings are to be as per the National Federation of State High School Associations (NFSHA). Some
combination of NCAA markings may also be used. Note that in addition to the swim lanes, it is customary
to provide a buffer space between the outside lanes and pool wall.
Recessed rope anchors will be located between each racing lane. All of the above rope anchors will be
featured in a recessed configuration on the four pool walls. These rope anchors can include varying
combinations of racing lane divider lines for short course configurations.
Depth Markings
The respective depths of the pools should be marked in a manner meeting the minimum requirements of
size, shape, color contrast and interval spacing as set forth by the jurisdictional regulations. If there are
no regulatory stipulations, it is recommended that 6-inch high letters and/or numerals be considered in a
slip-resistant finish located at the deep end, the shallow end, any breaks in slope and spaced no more
than 25 feet apart around the pool perimeter.
Four-inch high,vertical pool wall depth markings at the pool perimeter aretypicallythe minimum required
by health department regulations.This should be verified with the local agency.
In Shallow areas, "No Diving" markers or symbols must be provided at the pool perimeter in the deck at
pool depths 5 feet or less. These signs should be located approximately every 25 feet as required by the
local agency.
Movable Bulkhead
The Stretch 25 Meter Pool options and the 50 Meter Pool options will "'" ..w:. ""
feature movable bulkheads across the width of the pool. The w x:::
bulkheads may range in width between 4 ft.to 6 ft.and approximately '" """" °', " ^` ; •`"' '
.. fFx:...•A <:.::... •„vnw':; '.: .w.: �ffa..A!y ....^•
xx.
5 ft. in vertical height. These bulkheads will then move horizontally ''=' i W r >;
_,a...a....
along the pool gutter. The bulkheads will feature a variable buoyancy ».:... A� Y
;r r r..
.. y;^„ .:x ir.a4r��: EE�q ....Y 'w�
Y ^
chamber(s) and ballast or trim chambers, which enables the bulkheadr,- yj
to raise off the gutter for ease of movement. • z,; It ' z:
.cn'""!& 5�;',�� tel:
The 50 Meter Pool option with two bulkheads can then be divided into
two 25 yard or 25 Meter courses, which can be horizontally translated `
,.... is
to each end wall of the pool. ""
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Provisions for Disabled Swimmers
Access for the physically disabled must be considered. In the United States pools
with more than 300 feet of perimeter must incorporate two qualified means of
access,one of which must either be a sloped entry or a compliant pool lift. Pools
with less than 300 feet of perimeter are required to incorporate only one means
of access which must either be a sloped entry or a compliant pool lift.Access must 4 4wmss 44
......
remain in place for the unassisted use of bathers. Further, if pool lifts are used,
the depth of the pool should be at least 3 feet 6 inches to a maximum of 4 feet.
Pool lifts may be either hydraulic or electrically actuated (typically with a
rechargeable battery).
It is recommended to provide anchors and water supply for future lifts. This will
minimize functional obsolescence and renovation requirements if lifts are
required in the future. Manufacturers of such systems include RehaMed, ..
Spectrum, and Aqua Creek.
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35
SWIMMING POOL MECHANICAL
Po& Filters
The selection of a filter system will be greatly influenced by the limitations created by the volume of
wastewater that can be removed from the site. If this is a problem, the construction of a detention-
holding tank is a common solution. The high-volume backwash discharge associated with high rate sand
filtration is captured in a holding tank and then slowly drained off to the sewer system at the gpm flow
rate that the sewer will accommodate.
Sand Filters
Sand pressure systems exist in two forms:
Rapid sand pressure filtration which operates at a flow rate of 3 GPM per square foot of filter area. Rapid
sand filters are generally considered obsolete in the current swimming pool industry.
High Flow (high rate) pressure filtration which operates up to a flow rate of 15 GPM per square foot of
filter area.
While many manufacturers rate their system at 20 GPM/square feet, field experience has shown that the
lower flow rate results in better water quality. As a result, most health departments require a maximum
of 15 GPM/square foot of filter area. The system will be designed to completely turn over the respective
pool volume as per code.
Another application of sand filter systems to swimming pool water is the vacuum sand system. These
units are at water level, require less space than the pressure sand system but long-term durability can be
a problem.
While sand systems are very popular because of their simple operation, they have one considerable
drawback as compared to regenerative media filters and that is the large water volume that is discharged
during backwash. Multi-cell filters, however, can backwash in stages and thus produce less volume of
sewer loading at one time. Manufacturers of such systems include Neptune Benson, Nemato, Paragon,
and Pentair.
Regenerative Media Filters
Pressure diatomaceous earth systems have a lower backwash water volume than a pressurized sand
backwash. But there is not a significant advantage over a pressure sand system with the exception that
regenerative filters require less space and can produce a slightly clearer(polished) water.
Many jurisdictional authorities require a reclamation tank between the regenerative filter tank and the
backwash outfall so that the spent media is captured and not discharged into the sanitary sewer. The
captured media is then hauled to an approved dump site.
Regenerative media requires a more experienced operator, however, if the pool staff has proven
experience, it is recommended to give strong consideration to regenerative media filtration.
Manufacturers of such systems include Neptune Benson, Nemato, and Paragon Aquatics.
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Deck equipment
Deck Anchors
Necessary deck anchors are to be provided for all removable equipment and fixtures such as recall
stanchions, backstroke pennant stanchions, starting blocks, grab rails, handrails and stanchions for swag
lines cordoning off the officials' walkway along pool perimeter.
Lifeguard Stands
Lifeguard stands will be movable, not permanently installed equipment. Movable units = �y ®.
can be used for other purposes thus contributing to greater program flexibility. The
appropriate quantity of stands are to be provided. t.........,q
Ladders and Grab Rails
Where possible, recessed steps are recommended with removable grab rails for all
pools. Three (3) sets plus a recessed stair are recommended for the 25 Meter x 25 Yard
Pool option, six (six) sets are recommended for the Stretch 25 Meter Pool options and
eight (8)sets are recommended for the 50 Meter Pool options.
Maintenance Equipment
The cleaning of the swimming pool is one of the most important tasks conducted "''
in a natatorium. For that reason, the best systems are justified. A combination of
several systems will provide maximum flexibility for the aquatic staff. Funds
expended during construction will be quickly recaptured through lower labor costs e ,
Specifications should include several of the following:
• A portable vacuum cleaning system, with or without a cartridge filter and
an electric 1 '/:to 2 HP pump/motor mounted on a handcart with pneumatic tires,vacuum head,
telescopic pole, and a 50-feet 1 '/: inch vacuum hose
• Hose bibs provided on each wall of the natatorium for maintenance purposes (maximum of 150
feet apart)
• Commercial swimming pool test kits
• Underwater robot vacuum system: Aquavac Commander or Ultramax
Safety Equipment
• Provide the following as required by health department regulations
• Approved life rings with throw ropes 1 '/:times the width of pool (at each guard stand)
• Shepherd's hook minimum 12 feet in length (eight wall-mounted)
• A throwing rope at least 1 '/:times width of pool
• First aid kit, as per health department regulations
• Eye wash station(s)
• Fire extinguishers, as per local code
• Spineboard (2)
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• Stretcher, if required by health department
• Rescue tube (5)
Water Polo Goals
:- .47'.. y ''MA
Provide one set of floating water polo goals for the primary field of play. Deck "y.
anchored water polo goals for cross pool fields may be provided. With the 50- --
meter pool option two (2) cross course fields of play could be set up.
Lane Line Storage
..........:::::..... .. ...
Lane Reel Storage
ry sr
The pool will require a large number of floating racing lane lines and the storage
of these units requires planning. Storage can take place with underground bins,
movable reels, storage rooms, deck storage or a combination of the above. `°r'
Below Deck Storage
An option for below-deck lane line storage is available with a combination of a concrete vault alongside
or end of the pool and a lane line trap system. The below-deck option can eliminate the need for lane line
reels and reduce equipment clutter on the pool deck and or required storage space.
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SUPPORT SPACES
Team Locker Rooms
The traditional design solution for locker rooms is dedicated spaces based on gender. Given the
characteristics of the users of the aquatic center, and the need to accommodate various age groups,
gender specific spaces will be needed for both athletics and non-athletics.
All lockers should be installed on a 6-inch ledge to facilitate floor cleaning or on an 18-inch concrete bench
platform. It is recommended that locker counts for team spaces be sufficient to accommodate not only
the current team needs, but the anticipated future needs as well. A water extractor for swimming suits
should be available in each locker room.
Boys and Girls Locker Rooms
Separate locker rooms from the Team Locker Rooms should be provided for boys and girls. These spaces
will accommodate physical education users and public swim users. A water extractor for swimming suits
is a valuable resource in each locker room. The water serving the facility shall be supplied from a potable
water source. It is recommended that locker counts for each the boys and girls locker room spaces be
sufficient to accommodate not only the current needs, but the anticipated future needs as well. The
required number of fixtures will likely be determined by local code
Restroo /Sho er/Drying Areas
A shared space for restrooms/shower and drying areas could be provided, allowing access from both the
Team Locker/Changing area and the general Boy's and Girl's Locker/Changing spaces. These areas
typically include lavatories, water closets, urinals, showers and sinks. They may also include grooming
stations and feminine care dispensers and receptacles. The water serving the facility shall be supplied
from a potable water source. The number of fixtures will be determined by local code.
Coaches/Aquatic Director Office
A separate office space should be provided for Coaching staff and the Aquatic Director/Pool Operator. It
is likely that some of these roles will be combined allowing for a reduction in office spaces. It is
recommended that a gender-neutral locker room space be provided complete with sinks. Individual
changing rooms or stalls could be provided accommodating either men or women. Gender specific toilet
and shower areas could be provided for each men and women, unisex restrooms, with a minimum of two
(2) could be provided.
Public Restroom Facilities
Rest room facilities should be provided for the public and administrative personnel in the lobby area and
on concourses at the spectator seats. These spaces should include a toilet, urinal and sink, as well as a
diaper changing station.
Control Office
The natatorium control office will be the control and command station for the aquatic area. It should,
preferably, have an overlook of all of the bodies of water and contain the controls for the natatorium
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overhead lighting system, the public address system/sound system, and monitoring systems for the
natatorium environmental conditions, i.e., air temperatures, water temperatures, relative humidity,
chemical levels, and recirculation system components, such as, motors, valves, pumps, etc.
Wet Classroom
A classroom in the natatorium that can be used for many purposes such as classes, team meetings,
coaches' meetings, lectures, seminars, scratch meetings, etc. This space may or may not be designed to
be "wet".
Dry Corridor to Pool Deck
A corridor should be provided from the outer hallway to the pool deck, which will enable staff and visitors
to by-pass the locker rooms and walk directly to the pool deck. This is an efficient feature especially if the
hallway is adjacent to the pool control office. It can also serve a valuable purpose during swim meets,
when it is used by the many officials and/or competitors.
Food Service/Vending
Provide in the building lobby near the front entrance of the center for concession /vending machines is
recommended.
Storage Room
Ample storage space with double doors (without mullion) should be provided at the pool deck level at
convenient locations in the natatorium with access for aquatic equipment such as:
• Kickboards
• Flotation devices
• Robot pool cleaner
• Vacuum equipment, pole, hose, head, pump, filter
• Starting platforms
• Timing equipment/touch pads (secured in cage or room)
• Racing lane reels
• Portable lift
• Sound system
• Miscellaneous swim team equipment
Filter Room and Chemical Room
The main filter room will contain the water treatment system for the pools. This room should also be
adjacent to the chemical storage and chemical feeder rooms; however, there are exceptions to this
adjacency.
Each chemical room will feature a corrosion-resistant exhaust fan, which will draw air from 6 inch off the
floor of the chlorinator room and discharge it to the outside at the rate of 12 room volumes per hour.
Delivery access must be provided for the filter and chemical rooms.
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Note that surge tanks will be required for swimming pools with gutters. These units are located in the
filter room, under the pool deck or a combination of the two. The surge tank size will depend upon the
designed maximum bather load for the respective pools and/or health department regulations.
The filter room may also house the heater or heat exchanger for each of the pools.
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NEEDS ASSESSMENT
Kickoff Meeting Notes
The following notes are meant to provide a synopsis of the initial meetings for the Yakima, WA Martin
Luther King Jr. Park Community Swimming Pool Feasibility Study. Miklos Valdez with Counsilman-
Hunsaker was on-site March 12 and 13, 2019 to meet with the project committee and tour potential sites.
These notes are meant to provide an overview of the discussions during the site visit.
What we heard
• Like easy entries into the water (Zero Depth)
• ADA Accessibility
• Swimming/Lap Lanes
• Kids slides/Tot slides
• Swim lesson ledges
• Recreation based activities
• Multiuse areas
• Teen features
• Sprayground
Stakeholder and Community Input Meetings
What we heard
• Like the size of the facilities
• Like the ability for multiple use areas
• Like the zero depth areas
• Would like to see
o 4 lap lanes or more square footage
o Family rate for day pass
o Phased approaches
o Teen spaces
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MARKET OVERVIEW
Factors that can influence attendance include projectionsfor growth/decline of population, income levels,
and age groups. Market studies are used to predict how relevant products, services, and fees are to
residents.Originating from the proposed site for the Aquatic Center,the primary area is assumed as a 30-
minute drive time,and the service area is assumed as a 15-minute drive time. Thus,a study of demographic
patterns in the area is helpful in projecting usage rates.The resident market area has been divided into the
following drive times.
Distance from Site
• 0-3 Miles
• 3-5 Miles
• 5-10 Miles
• 10-15 Miles
• 15-25 Miles
n,g
a5x
do
+.mM^ -dm.`muu..+ya M airua_�1w unvw aft u—Yu 1kWuwa+tiW s.0 Y�w•wa
' 46
43
Population
The following chart presents a summary of market area population with concentric rings surrounding the
proposed site for the aquatic center. The 2010 U.S. Government Census was used to estimate the
population for 2019 and to make projections for 2024.
MARKET AREA POPULATION BY DISTANCE
■■■■ Po.ulation Avera:e Annual Chan:e
"adius Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent
_1 (00os1 of Total (000's) of Total (000's) of Total (000's1 Change (000's) Change
rto 3 Miles■■■■ 67.5 33.2% 69.9 33.5% 69.0 32.6% 0.5 0.7% -0.2 -0.3%
aAAAAAAAAAl
3to5 Miles 34.0 16.7% 34.9 16.7% 35.6 168% 0.2 0.5% 0.1 0.4%
la
Sto10Mi■le■s■■■ 45.0 22.2% 46.5 22.3% 49.6 23.5% 0.3 0.6% 0.6 1.3%
�AAAAAAAAAl
subtotal 146.5 72.1% 151.3 72.5% 154-1 72.9% 1.0 0.6% 0.6 0.4%
Illal
10to15 Miles 24.7 12.1% 25.4 12.2% 25.2 11.9% 0.2 0.6% 0.0 -0.2%
alar
15to25Miles 32.1 158% 32.1 15.4% 32.0 152% 0.0 0A% 0.0 0.0%o
larnallat
ubtotal 56.7 27.9% 57.5 27.5% 57.2 27.1% 0.2 0.3% -0-1 -0.1%
1 txfmtY2.b3.9 i51IFS}� 203.3 100.0% 208.9 100.0% 211.3 100.0% 1.1 0.5% 0.5 02%
Illal
Yakima'WA 91.2 93.5 93-7 0.5 OS 0.0 0-0%
Source:Alteryx
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Age
Age distribution is another population characteristic used to determine the type and level of use of any
type of program. The following table provides the number of residents and the percentage of total
population for each age group compared to the U.S. column, which identifies the national average.
MARKET AREA AGE DISTRIBUTION
wotatE
:e64 6,425 9.2% 2,183 6.3% 2,844 6.1% 2,029 8.0% 2,786 8.7% 7,761 8.3%
e69 6,201 8.9% 2,227 6.4% 3,307 7.1% 2,296 9.0% 3,049 9.5% 7,632 8.2% 555021.11655
A:e 10-14 5,451 7.8% 2,279 6.5% 3,545 7.6% 2,182 8.6% 2,955 9.275 6,932 7.4% 1,23212
A:e 15-19 5,059 7.2% 2,097 6.0% 3,304 7.1% 2,155 8.5% 2.,734 8.5% 6,390 6.8% 118111111.1818
Subtotal Z3,136 33.1% 8,786 252% 13,000 23,0% 4662 34.1% 11,524 35.9% 28,715 30.7% g
A;e20.24 5,531 7,9% 2,078 6.0% 2,568 5,5% 4809 7,1% 2,425 7,6% 6,800 7.3% 11185,
Age 25-29 5,515 7.9% 2,237 6.4% 2,482 5.3% 1,540 6.1% 2.,124 6.6% 6,992 7.5% 112,31
A:e30.34 4,947 7.1% 2,035 5.8% 2,598 5.6% 1,480 5.8% 1,889 5.9% 6,351 6.8% 1
Age 35-39 4,546 6.5% 1,923 5.5% 2,747 5.9% 1,553 6.1% 1,905 5.9% 5,897 6.3%
A:e 4644 4,078 5.8% 4831 5.2% 2,794 6.0% 1,510 5.9% 4812 5.6% 5,301 5.7% BIENI
A:e4549 3,831 5.5% 1,947 5.6% 2.,925 6.3% 1,558 6.1% 1.,822 5.7% 5,028 5.4% 12121111212
A:e50.54 3,724 5.3% 2,131 6.1% 3,164 6.8% 1,535 6.0% 1,804 5.6% 5,118 5.5%
Age55.59 3,537 5,1% 2,247 6.4% 3,313 7,1% 4543 6,1% 4790 5,6% 5,031 5.4%
,1/4e60.64 3,025 4,3% 2,285 6.5% 3,166 6.8% 1,72o 5.0% 1,542 4,8% 4,707 5.0% 52218385
A;e65.6 2,569 3,7% 2,221 6.4% 2,873 6,2% 4056 4,2% 1,277 4,0% 4,138 4.4% 1
Age 70-74 1,922 2.7% 1,631 4.7% 2,024 4.4% 795 3.1% 917 2.9% 3,067 3.3% ::::
A:e75.79 1,350 1.9% 1,260 3.6% 1„336 2.9% 512 2.0% 584 1.6% 2,225 2..4% BEES
Age-84 988 1.4% 930 2.7% 812 1.7% 324 1.3% 366 1.1% 1,695 1.8% 55811121,
Ace SS+ 1,244 1.8% 4379 3.9% 677 1.5% 267 1.1% 308 1.0% 2,428 2.6%
TOTAL: 69,945 100.0% 34,921 100.0% 46,479 100.0% 25,424 100.0% 92089 100.032 93,493 100.0% 1131723,
Soiree:Akeryx
48
45
Income
To a certain degree, the likelihood of residents to engage in aquatics depends on their ability to pay for
admission and program fees. In the following chart, the U.S. national average is set at 1.00. Index refers
to the percentage higher or lower than the national average.
MARKET AREA INCOME
Radius Per Capita Incomes Median Household Incomes
Dollars Index Dollars Index
....................................................................................................................................................................
Oto 3 Miles $17,501 0.66 $38,354 0.73
...................................................
3 to 5 Miles $30,548 1.15 $55,914 1.06
...................................................
5 to 10 Miles $30,262 1.14 $64,542 1.23
1Oto15Miles $19,282 0.73 $51,739 0.98
.111111111111111111111111111111111111111111
15 to 25 Miles $17,363 0.66 $48,163 0.92
...................................................
Yakima,WA $22,626 0.85 $44,214 0.84
...................................................
....................................................
...................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........... ...................................... .............................................................. ....... ......................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................ . ....................................................
............................................................... ... .......................................................................................................................
.............. .. ....... .................. . . .... ......................... ........................ ... . ... .............................. ..................
..................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Source:Akeryx
49
46
Area Providers
The recreation industry is a competitive market vying for disposable income driven by population trends,
income levels, demographic profiles, and favorable locations. Large aquatic centers and destination
facilities offer a grand scale of cutting-edge amenities, deliver a unique customer experience, and draw
from a large radius. Small to medium aquatic centers compete by offering family amenities in a cozy
atmosphere, thus delivering a friendly customer experience to the local market.
Yakima, WA
Lions Pool(0.9 miles)
509 W Pine Street
Yakima,WA 1 M
509.575.6046
Features ,A
Indoor pool •': .* ''#'.#.
Open year-round
Programs «.._
Recreational Swimming
Lap Swim and Water Walking
Adult Water Fitness Classes
Aquacise
Hydrofit
Aqua Zumba
Swim Lessons
Fees
Youth $2.00
Adults$4.00
Family of 6$13.00 (up to 2 adults and 4 children)
Family of 8$15.00
Honored Citizen (62 years old or with disabilities)$2.25
Franklin Pool (is miles)
2102 Tieton Drive
Yakima, WA 98902
509.575.6035
Features
Outdoor pool Wit
Open June through August
Programs
Learn to Swim
Recreational Swim
Saturday&Sunday Recreational Swim
Adult Water-Walking and Lap Swims
50
47
Water Fitness Classes:Aqua Zumba
Paws in the Pool
Fees
10 Punch Card
Youth$17.00
Adults$35.00
Honored Citizen$21.00
3 months
Youth$52.00
Adults$105.00
Family of 6$227.00
Family of 8$300.00
Honored Citizen$59.00
Honored citizens are people over 62 years old or with disabilities.
Youth is ages 4-17(3 and under are free with a paying adult)
Selah Swimming Pool (4.2 miles)
214 South 3rd Street
Selah,WA 98942 a '
509.698.7308 Ir
Miller Pool (4.8 miles)
502 North 4th Street
Selah,WA 98942
509.575.6055
Moxee Pool (7.9 miles)
North Iler Street
Moxee,WA 98936
509.248.8067
51
48
Naches Swimming Pool (15.0 miles)
irt
105 W 4th Street _•. ,
Naches,WA 98937 •
r`Ft Ndt
509.653.2353 :.r.---__
Features
Outdoor Pool
Open June through Auguste y
Programs
Open Public Swim
Adult Lap Swim
Water Walking
Fees
Open Public Swim
Adults$3.50
Seniors$1.00
Babies Under 2$1.00
Adult Lap Swim
$1.00 per session or$35.00 season pass
Water Walking
$1.00 per session or$35.00 season pass
Season Passes
Single Person$80.00
Family members in Same Household$180.00
Adult Lap Swim$35.00
City of Toppenish Pool (18.5 miles)
20 Asotin Avenue
Toppenish,WA 98948
509.865.2220
Features
Outdoor 50-meter pool ; :'' Sr
Open during summer months
Programs
Public Swim
Swim Lessons
Private Pool Rentals
Swim Team
Swim Meets
52
49
Ellensburg Memorial Pool (36.0 miles)
815 E 6th Avenue
Ellensburg,WA 98926
509.962.7210
t �
` :. F
Features
25-meter indoor pool
Hot tub
Training pool
_ieWet/dry sauna
Fitness center
Play shower
1-meter diving board
Programs
Lap swim
Swim lessons
Waterfit H2O Exercise
Family Swim
Sauna
Hot tub
Fees
Single Price
Youth (0-17 years) $3.00
Adults(18-59 years)$6.00
Senior and Veterans(60+years or service)$3.00
Family up to 2 adults and youth living at the same residence$6.50)
10 Visit
Youth (0-17 years)$21.90
Adults(18-59 years)$43.80
Senior and Veterans(60+years or service)$21.90
Family up to 2 adults and youth living at the same residence$N/A)
3-Month Pass
Youth (0-17 years)$66.25
Adults(18-59 years)$132.50
Senior and Veterans(60+years or service)$66.25
Family up to 2 adults and youth living at the same residence$232.05)
53
50
OPTIONS FOR CONSIDERATION
The feasibility study developed three options for consideration.The following estimates were developed
by Counsilman-Hunsaker. Recent project bid figures of similar projects have been used as well as national
estimating guides and local cost adjustment factors. The hard construction cost figures have been
supplemented by a development cost factor, which will include such "soft" costs as professional fees,
survey,geotechnical report, document reproduction, advertisement for bids, and all anticipated expenses
related to the administration of the project. The sum of these two cost figures is the total project cost
highlighted in yellow at the bottom of each chart.
Option 1
IN
Indoor features 7 : »' s:Ms:'
• Lobby itit .;.;:... ..
• Offices » ''
• Locker rooms
• Outdoor restrooms • .. .F n
• Classroom/party room
• Concessionsaomaz• _ .f:
A ;: . xixt
• Storage
................Ranta.......... .. .. .
n
Aquatic Elements ##sr."::: : ". • iggit :'';
• 2,763 sq.ft. recreation pool j:##: '
sssssssssssssssssssss4 :
0 4 25YardLapLanesxxx r ...•. :,..;. :.;.
tiiii
o Crossing activity •44:tllim • •.. 4
o Waterslide t
at......................
........................
rim? it
• 3,739 sq.ft.tot pool '''"`"''`''
tttttttttttttsix.
o Tot slide ssssssssssssssssssssssss
o Play structure40
• 1,235 sq.ft.sprayground
Cost: $7.4 M
55
51
Description Unit Amount Opinion of Cost
Offices/Support Spaces 3,700 $1,123,200
Lobby Sq. Ft. 150
Aquatic Manager Sq. Ft. 150
Lifeguard/First Aid Sq. Ft. 150
Locker Rooms Sq. Ft. 1,100
Pool Mechanical Room Sq. Ft. 1,100
Pool Storage Sq. Ft. 400
Concessions Sq. Ft. 150
Classroom/Party Room Sq. Ft. 500
Aquatic Center 7,728 $2,570,440
Recreation Pool Sq. Ft. 2,763
Slide Allowance 1
Crossing Activity Allowance 1
Tot Pool Sq. Ft. 3,730
Tot Slide Allowance 1
Play Structure Allowance 1
Spray Ground Sq. Ft. 1,235
Support 23,184 $494,428
Outdoor Deck Sq. Ft. 15,456
Fence Linear Ft. 609
Overhead Lighting Sq. Ft. 23,184
Shade Structures Quantity 8
Efficiency 740 $148,000
Circulation and Walls(20%) Sq. Ft. 740
Unit Sq. Ft. Opinion of Cost
Site Construction Costs(landscaping, drainage,walks) $1,104,960
Total Construction Costs Sq. Ft. 27,624 5,441,028
Furniture,Fixtures, Equipment $193,368
Subtotal $5,634,396
Preliminary Design Contingency 10.0% $563,440
Inflation(1 Year) 10.0% $563,440
Indirect Costs 10.0% $619,784
Total Estimated ProjectCosts• $7,381,059
Say $7,400,000
56
52
Option 2 :
.................... .
Indoor features "'''''L.
' "",:>> . . . . . . . . . . z:»M:::
• Lobby ^'
• Offices i
:51 431C : , WHIM".•iiiiiiliiiii•i3,iiiiiriir IRA
• Locker Rooms
• Outdoor Restrooms " "'>A
• Classroom/party room• Concessionseszzz `' `'`
• Storage xr• '
IffE4. •.
Aquatic Elements11
• 5,167 sq. ft. recreation pool
o 4- 25YardLapLanes
o Crossing activity It '•••.''`'. •'" +� .�:
o Vortex .. ..:::....
o Water slides
o Large bowl slide rt a v. a` my
t:
• 2,139 sq. ft. tot pool
o Family slide
o Play structure :. . :............................:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::r::::::::::
• 1,235 sq. ft. sprayground ;
............................
Aga
................................. ...
................................
................................
*lionstratioipEET
Wiiiiinigniiiins
. V
Cost: $10.4 M Z .. ...;: ' f..... .iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
.
Phase 1:$9.4 M
ry xM
...............
............ .
...........
V
iiiiiiiiiii
ilia
SIE
yt t•
a
a
57
53
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Description Unit Amount Opinion of Cost
Offices/Support Spaces 4,200 $1,259,200
Lobby Sq. Ft 150
Aquatic Manager Sq. Ft. 150
Lifeguard/First Aid Sq. Ft. 150
Locker Rooms Sq. Ft. 1,200
Pool Mechanical Room Sq. Ft. 1,500
Pool Storage Sq. Ft. 400
Concessions Sq. Ft. 150
Classroom/Party Room Sq. Ft. 500
Aquatic Center 8,855 $4,434,720
Recreation Pool Sq. Ft. 5,167
Slides Allowance 2
Crossing Activity Allowance 1
Vortex Allowance 1
Tot Pool Sq. Ft 2,139
Play Structure Allowance 1
Tot Slide Allowance 1
Spray Ground Sq. Ft. 1,235
Bowl Slide Allowance 1
Slide Plunge Sq. Ft. 314
Support 26,565 $549,723
Outdoor Deck Sq. Ft. 17,710
Fence Linear Ft. 652
Overhead Lighting Sq. Ft. 26,565
Shade Structures Quantity 8
Efficiency 840 $168,000
Circulation and Walls(20%) Sq. Ft. 840
Unit Sq. Ft. Opinion of Cost
Site Construction Costs(landscaping,drainage,walks) $1,264,200
Total Construction Costs Sq.Ft. 31,605 7,675,843
•
Furniture,Fixtures, Equipment $221,235
Subtotal $7,897,078IN.
Preliminary Design Contingency 10.0% $789,708
Inflation(1 Year) 10.0% $789,708
Indirect Costs 10.0% $868,679
Total Estimated Project Costs: $10,345,172
Say $10,400,000IP.
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................
58
54
Option 3
.i ....:,r >;;;; -:ss:;:s:sssssssssss.::sssssssssssssssry:ssssssssn;;#:''rnrs:
• w"` :ssssss ssssssr::sssssss;;;;;;:::
Indoor features • : .wws sxz,
; 1:
• Lobby .. .3"::::•::
• Offices " ::.. . . ... . : . *t.-. : , ., -
' x:
• Locker Rooms :« , 4,
• Outdoor Restrooms
• Classroom/party room t : :
• Ymm:~r##ss
Concessions its
• Storage #..: Y::rr:;: r " M.
A.. • tiki
cisis
Aquatic Elements 'M
• 5,642 sq.ft. recreation pool
ill At o 3 -25YardLapLanesIS
; ' � . .
o Crossing activity
•
o Vortex
;'
" _ ::r
o Water slides '
o Lounge area
• 873 Sq. Ft.Teen Pool
o Bowl slide
o Rope swin •g , ........................................................... .
p g ••• _. 'ill* • t•„ s##s••##~M:#ssssss#ssssssssssssssssssss:z:.11."-:
iliiiii
2,139 sq.ft.tot pool
family slide -"' - -- ° ti x:MA>::
Play structure "''
1,235 sq.ft.sprayground
z
Bilial
. EEE
Cost: $11.3 M
t'S
Phase 1: $9.8 M ., ..
r: - '
iNi Oil Ell
.......... .
et
5
El
59
55
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Description Unit Amount Opinion of Cost
Offices/Support Spaces 4,600 $1,387,200
Lobby Sq.Ft. 150
Aquatic Manager Sq. Ft. 150
Lifeguard/First Aid Sq.Ft 150
Locker Rooms Sq. Ft. 1,400
Pool Mechanical Room Sq. Ft. 1,700
Pool Storage Sq. Ft. 400
Concessions Sq.Ft. 150
Classroom/Party Room Sq. Ft. 500
Aquatic Center 9,889 $4,740,600
Recreation Pool Sq. Ft. 5,642
Slides Allowance 2
Crossing Activity Allowance 1
Tot Pool Sq.Ft 2,139
Play Structure Allowance 1
Tot Slide Allowance 1
Spray Ground Sq. Ft 1,235
Slide Plunge Sq. Ft. 873
Bowl Slide Allowance 1
Rock Wall Allowance 1
Rope Swing Allowance 1
Support 29,667 $600,191
Outdoor Deck Sq. Ft. 19,778
Fence Linear Ft. 689
Overhead Lighting Sq. Ft. 29,667
Shade Structures Quantity 8
Efficiency 920 $184,000
Circulation and Walls(20%) Sq.Ft. 920
Unit Sq. Ft. Opinion of Cost
Site Construction Costs(landscaping,drainage,walks) $1,407,480
Total Construction Costs Sq.Ft. 35,187 8,319,471
Furniture,Fixtures,Equipment $246,309
Suibtotal, $8;565,780
Preliminary Design Contingency 10.0% $856,578
Inflation(1 Year) 10.0% $856,578
Indirect Costs 10.0% $942,236
Total Estimated Project Costs: $11,221,172
Say $11I,300 000I'.
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................
60
56
SITE PLAN — FULL LAYOUT
The following graphics depict the size and scale of the aquatic center options.
Option 1
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59
SITE PLAN — NO SPRAYGROUND
The following graphics depict the size and scale of the aquatic center options without the sprayground
feature.
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62
OPERATIONAL ANALYSIS
Revenue/ Expense Assumptions
The following rates were used in the development of the revenue and expense analysis, assuming the
facility would be owned and operated by Yakima, WA.
• Operating schedule
o 360 days per year
• Rate structure
o $5.00 daily admission
o $130/swimmer(average) for summer league
o $40-$46 for 8 classes/session
o $6-$7/session for water fitness
o $200-$231/session for lifeguard certification
o $200-$231 for 2-hour party rental
o $270-$312/hour full pool rental
• Personnel
o One, full-time facility director
o Part-time (pool managers, lifeguards, front-desk)
• Utilities
o Electric based on $0.10 per KWH
o Water based on $4.00 per 1,000 gallons
o Liquid Chlorine, $2.00/gallon
o Pool Heating, $1.00/therm
• Revenue generation
o Daily visits
o Aquatic programs (swim lessons, lifeguard courses)
o Rentals (swim team, swim meets, parties)
o Hosting competitive events
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Operational Partnership Opportunities
While the following revenue and expense projections are based on a school district owned and operated
aquatic center, there are several other options that could be explored for the operation of the proposed
aquatic center.
• Public/Public Partnership— In this scenario the school district would partner with another public
entity who would be responsible for managing the daily operations of the aquatic center, such as
the City of Blue Ash or City of Montgomery. The School District would still own the facility and
budget for a portion of the operations and maintenance of the facility.
• Public/Private Partnership—Through a public/private partnership, the School District would hire
a private management company to take care of the day to day operations. An annual contract
would be signed that stipulated the breakdown of responsibilities for each entity, the division of
operational and capital expenses, as well as terms for payment.
• Public/Non-Profit Partnership — In the public/non-profit partnership, the School District would
turn over the operation of the aquatic center to a non-profit agency such as a YMCA. Through
this partnership, the aquatic center could remain the property of the School District but become
a "branch location" for a local YMCA. The revenue generated from the facility would go to the
YMCA and the School District would have a long-term, non-compete agreement with the YMCA
for lane hours and swim meets. Typically, in this model the School District would also contribute
operational funds, as well as assist with major capital expenses.
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64
Expense Analysis
An analysis of operating expenses includes a detailed budget model for estimating probable expenses for
major areas of labor, contractual services, commodities, and utilities. User projections are made based on
programming. Expenses are estimated taking into account hours of operation, attendance projections,
local weather patterns, local utility rates, and other key items. Operating data from other facilities in the
area were reviewed and taken into account to form projections.
Facility Staff
Projected annual payroll expenses reflect benefits and taxes. Scheduling employees is determined by
programming demand and management procedure.Wherever possible, pay rates were determined using
existing job classifications and wage scales. Cost for direct group programming expense and other
employees associated with program income are factored in the expense table as cost against net
programming revenue.
Commodities
Commodities are day-to-day products used to operate aquatic centers. Office supplies, program supplies,
custodial supplies, repair supplies, and chemicals are included. In determining annual chemical expense,
chemical treatment assumes the use of liquid chlorine and muriatic acid (pH buffer). Chemical use can
depend upon bather load and chemical balance of the water. In estimating annual costs, medium bather
load figures are assumed.
Heating/Cooling
In determining utility costs, current energy costs at other facilities in the area were reviewed. Total costs
include energy, energy demand and delivery charges. Caution must be used when comparing this cost
with operating expenses of other facilities across the country.
Electricity
The calculations are based on utility rate information provided by the project committee and includes
both demand and energy costs.The table conveys the estimated electricity costs for all options.
Water and Sewer
Water and sewer services will be needed for domestic use and compensation for evaporation and
backwashing purposes. Backwash water and domestic water will be released to the sanitary system. This
does not include landscape irrigation.
Repair and Maintenance
Budget allowance for facility repairs and general maintenance associated with the building and pool
mechanical system.
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Insurance
Insurance denotes liability for more people and more structure based on visits and labor and using the
current industry average rates.
Capital Replacement Fund
The manufacturers of some types of mechanical equipment recommend annual maintenance programs
to ensure proper performance of their equipment. Much of this work will be performed by outside
contractors. In addition, for daily operation of the facilities, miscellaneous items will need to be repaired
by outside firms.The capital replacement fund sets money aside for repairs/replacement.
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66
Facility Expenses
The following table reflects a summary of all operating expenses, assumptions, and estimates detailed by
the expense category.
Facility Staff
Full Time Employment NNbickded Not Included NNbicluded
Summer Employment $145,586 $156,399 $193,646
Equipment Cost $3,000 $3,720 $4,080
Traifing $5,000 $5,000 $6,000
Total Labor $153^506 $165^119 $203^726
ConkuctoalJonicoo
bmmaoco Not Included Not Included Notbicbxlod
Repair and 88x"eooco $18,500 $25,900 $28,100
Total Contractual Services $10^500 $25^900 $20^100
Coommd6eo
Operating Supplies $11,100 $15,540 $16,860
Cbuozic:ls $9,609 $13,179 $15,414
Advertising $36,000 $44,000 $51,000
Total Commodities $56^709 $72^719 $03^274
l)NNoo
}IlAC $7,619 $8,649 $9,472
Dlec8icdv $26,646 $33,187 $35,152
Pool Heating NotInclmlod Not Included Notbiclmlod
I)a|a/Coozoumcaboom $1,296 $1,296 $1,296
IruobJonico $720 $720 $720
Water& Sewer $6,849 $8,695 $10,004
Total Utilities $43^130 $52^547 $56^644
Capbu|Replacement Fund $37,000 $51,800 $56,200
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Labor Expense
The following chart details the number of part-time labor hours for lifeguards, pool managers and
recreation attendants to staff the aquatic center.
Hours Per Day Cost Per Hour Rate with Overhead Days per Season Total Employer Erns
0
m
CCC C C C C C C o o� C C C
.a o .a
Job Description 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .-ir-' 0 VD 0 0 0
Summer
Cashier 22 22 22 13.16 13.16 13.16 15.79 15.79 15.79 75 75 75 26,057 26,057 26,057
Aquatic Leads 13 13 13 15.90 15.90 15.90 19.08 19.08 19.08 75 75 75 18,603 18,603 18,603
lifeguard 84 93 124 13.35 13.35 13.35 16.02 16.02 16.02 75 75 75 100,926 111,740 148,986
Sumner Total 119 128 159 $145586 $156399 $193,646
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68
Revenue Analysis
Revenue analysis reviews facility capacity analysis, per capita spending trends, and special user group
usage. Developing an opinion of financial impact is an important component in evaluating facility
opportunities. Projected attendance is based on population trends. Fee structure is based on fees from
season pass holders and other users to project per capita income. Revenue is estimated, taking
recommended fee schedules into account. All revenue assumptions reflect multiplying attendance by per
capita.
Fee Structure
In order to project revenue, fee schedules are established. Three general approaches to evaluating the
fee structure of an aquatic center include the following:
1. Maximize revenue by charging what the market will support. Programs and facilities operate with
positive cash flow. If excess funds are available at season's end, they can be used to support
under-funded programs.
2. Break-even in the operation of the facility. This approach is increasing in popularity as funding is
becoming limited to organizations that use the facility.Capital funds are used to create the facility;
operational funds are generated from the user on a break-even basis.
3. Subsidy pricing historically has been the policy of many community facilities.
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Program Revenue
The following chart is a summary of the revenue opportunities for the Aquatic Center, including swim
lessons,water fitness classes and lifeguard courses.The expenses for each program are taken out,totaling
a net revenue for aquatic programs. The programming model is based on annual growth in program
participants and a price hike of 10% in year 3 and 5% in year 5.
Option Z
Aquatics Pro rams Revenue&Expenses
Price Per Session Total Per Session No.Sellable
Revenue Mgmt.As sump. Year 1 Year5 Year 1 Year5 Sessions Year 1 Year 5
Swim Team Revenue
Summer League $/Swimmer(Average) $130 $150 20 25 1 $2,600 $3,824
Aquatics Instruction Revenue
SwimLessons 8 classes/session $40 $46 200 255 1 $8,000 $11,766
Water Fitness $/Session $6 $7 15 19 10 $900 $1,324
Lifeguard Certification $/Session $200 $231 20 25 1 $4,000 $5,883
Rentals
BirthdayParty $/2 HRS of Party Room $200 $231 12 15 3 $7,200 $10,589
Private(Full Pool) WHIR $270 $312 12 15 1 $3,240 $4,765
Area Revenue $25, $38,152,
Expense Mgmt Assump. Year1 Year5
ProgramSupplies 4%ofyearl gross revenue;3%annual increase $1,038 $1,168
LG Class Materials $60 per participant for course record fee and manuals $1,200 $1,528
ARC LTS Facility Fee 1500 cards;;3%annual increase $975 $1,097
Marketing 5%ofyearl gross revenue $1,297 $1,297
Credit CardFees 1.5%of Revenue $389 $572
Part-TimeProgramStaft 20%of gross $3,100 $4,559
Area Expense $7,S $10,222
Option 2
Aquatics Programs Revenue&Expenses
Price Per Session Total Per Session No.Sellable
Revenue Mgmt.As sump. Year 1 Year5 Year 1 Year5 Sessions Year 1 Year 5
Swim Team Revenue
Summer League $/Swrnmer(Average) $130 $150 20 25 1 $2,600 $3,824
Aquatics Instruction Revenue
SwimLessons 8classes/session $40 $46 240 306 1 $9,600 $14,119
Water Fitness $/Session $6 $7 20 25 10 $1,200 $1,765
Lifeguard Certification $/Session $200 $231 30 38 1 $6,000 $8,825
Rentals
BirthdayParty $/2 HRS of Party Room $200 $231 20 25 3 $12,000 $17,649
Private(Full Pool) WHIR $320 $370 15 19 1 $4,800 $7,060
Area Revenue $36,200 $53,242
Expense Mgmt Assump. Year1 Year5
ProgramSupplies 4%ofyearl gross revenue;3%annual increase $1,448 $1,630
LG Class Materials $60 per participant for course record fee and manuals $1,800 r $2,292
ARC LTS Facility Fee 1500 cards;;3%annual increase $975 $1,097
Marketing 5%ofyearl gross revenue $1,810 $1,810
Credit CardFees 1.5%of Revenue $543 $799
Part-TimeProgramStaft 20%of gross $3,880 $5,707
Area Expense $10,456 $13,334
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70
Option 3
Aquatics Programs Revenue&Expenses
Price Per Session Total Per Session INo.Sellable
Revenue Mgmt.Assume. Year1 Years Year1 Years Sessions Year1 Years
Swim Team Revenue
Summer League $/Swiimner(Average) $130 $150 i20 25 1 $2,600 $3,824
Aquatics Instruction Revenue
SwimLessons 8 classes/session $40 $46 260 331 1 $10,400 $15,296
Water Fitness $/Session $6 $7 30 38 10 $1,800 $2,647
Lifeguard Certification $/Session $200 $231 S30 38 '.. 1 $6,000 $8,825
Rentals
BirthdayParty $/2 HRS of Party Room $100 $231 s30 38 3 $18,000 $26,474
Private(Full Pool) $/I-IIR $350 $404 ';15 19 1 $5,250 $7,722
Non�apacily growth rate 1.05 1.05
Capacity growth rate 1.10 1.00
Area Revenue $44,050 $64,787
Expense Mgmt Assume. Yearl Years
ProgmmSnppties 4%otyearl gross revenne;3%annnal increase $1,762 $1,983
LG Class Materials $60 per participantfor covise recoil fee and manuals $1,800 r $2,292
ARC LTS Facility Fee 1500 cards;;3%annual increase $975 $1,097
Marketing 5%otyearl gross revenue $2,203 $2,203
Credit Card Fees 1.5%otRevenue $661 $972
Part-TuneProgramStaff 20%of gross $4,160 $6,118
Area Boerne $11.560 $14,665
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Green Technologies
The green technologies below can help save water and increase efficiency of the swimming pool
Regenerative Media Filtration
• Can save up to 300,000 gallons annually
• Approximately 10—15 year payback
Variable Frequency Drives
• Increases the efficiency of pool pump motors
• $5,000-$7,000 per year in electricity
• Pay back in 1 year
Solar water heating
• Potential 25% or more savings in water heating costs
Photovoltaic arrays
• 15 —20 year payback
Pool Covers
• Can reduce heating costs 50-70% according to PHTA
• 1—2 year payback
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Operational Summary
The following projections details the pro forma for the swimming pool,and the recapture rate of operating
expenses recouped by revenue. The two options are showing a cost recovery rate for year one in the 51%
to 69% range, trending to 55% to 73% by year 5.
Operational Summary
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
##ssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssss:' '#i ##ssssssssssssssssssssssV""1ssssssssssssssssssssssssss i##issssssssssssssssssssssssss l ##issssssssssssssssssssssss16B
....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Option 1
Project Cost $7,390,000
Attendance 36,962
Revenue $143,817 $150,008 $158,052 $163,518 $170,999
Expense $279,924 $287,251 $294,942 $302,440 $310,376
Operating Cashflow ($136,107) ($137,243) ($136,890) ($138,922) ($139,377)
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
tad Rates:ssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssss :: :sssssssssssssssssssssssssassssssssssssssssssssssssss: :sssssssssssssssssssssssss: :: :ssssssssssssssssssssssssss ::
Capital Replacement Fund $37,000 $37,000 $37,000 $37,000 $37,000
Cash Flow ($173,107) ($174,243) ($173,890) ($175,922) ($176,377)
Option 2
Project Cost $10,350,000
Attendance 44,354
Revenue $224,196 $233,554 $245,501 $253,889 $265,114
Expense $326,742 $335,344 $344,377 $353,146 $362,455
OperatingCashflow ($102,546) ($101,790) ($98,876) ($99,257) ($97,341)
....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
:s� :ssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssss:���:ssssssssssssssssssssssssss � :ssssssssssssssssssssssssss :. ::sssssssssssssssssssssssss ::�4:ssssssssssssssssssssssssss: ly4
........................ .........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Capital Replacement Fund $51,800 $51,800 $51,800 $51,800 $51,800
Cash Flow ($154,346) ($153,590) ($150,676) ($151,057) ($149,141)
Option 3
Project Cost $11,230,000
Attendance 51,746
Revenue $263,379 $274,478 $288,726 $298,628 $311,972
Expense $383,305 $393,343 $403,874 $414,135 $425,002
OperatingCashflow ($119,926) ($118,865) ($115,148) ($115,508) ($113,030)
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
:::::: t�: . ::� ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: ::sssssssssssssssssssssssssy#1:: ::ssssssssssssssssssssssss:'� `y�:sssssssssssssssssssss '$*�:ssssssssssssssssssssssss't ::�t
Capital Replacement Fund $56,200 $56,200 $56,200 $56,200 $56,200
Cash Flow ($176,126) ($175,065) ($171,348) ($171,708) ($169,230)
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73
APPENDIX A: GENERAL LIMITING CONDITIONS
This study is based on information that was current as of October 2019. Every reasonable effort has been
made in order that the data reflects the most timely and current information possible and is believed to
be reliable. This study is based on estimates, assumptions, and other information developed by the
consultant from independent research.
No warranty or representation is made by the consultant that any of the projected values or
results contained in this study will actually be achieved. No responsibility is assumed for
inaccuracies in reporting by the client, its agents, and representatives or any other data source
used in preparing or presenting this study.
This entire report is qualified and should be considered in light of the above conditions and
limitations.
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74
APPENDIX B: F[)[)TN(]TFS
1. [enters for Disease Control. Water-Related Injuries: Fact Sheet. Retrieved 3-11'18.
https://w/w/w/,cdc.Cov/honneandrec,eahona|safety/u/ate,-safety/wnte,iniuries'
factsheet.htnn|
2. U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission. Guidelines for Entrapment Hazards: Making
Pools and Spas Safer. Retrieved 3'11'18.
http://\w\w\w.rfabc.conn/Aasets/KFA8{+0iCita|+Assets/pdf/ntraprnnt.pdf
3. U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission. Virginia Graeme Baker Pool and Spa Safety
Act. Ketrieved10'512. http://\w\wvv.cpsc.gov/pssa.pdf
4. National [enter for Health Statistics. Lifetime Expectancy. Retrieved 3'1118.
h11ps://vvvvvv.c6c.Kov/nchs/6a1^/hus/ku5l6.pJfA015
5. Arthritis Foundation. Aquatics for Arthritis. Retrieved 31118.
https://vvvvvv.arthritis.org/|ioing-\with-arthritis/euercise/arthritisfriend|y/aquatics.php
6. Aquatic Exercise Association. Retrieved 10'5 12. hi1p://xvxvxv,acaw/avc.cnrn/
7. United States Masters Swimming. History & Archives. Retrieved 10'512.
h11p://xvxvxv,usrns.n/p/his|/
8. United States Green Building Council. Leadership in Energy & Environmental Design.
Ketrieved31218. https://ne\w.usCbc.org/|eed
9. Salvesen, David and Renski, Henry. Center for Urban and Regional Studies. Importance of
Quality of Life in the Location Decisions of New Economy Firms.
https://curs.unc.edu/fi|+s/2013/04/new/+conornyr+port.pdf
10. Crompton, John L. "Evolution and Implications of a Paradigm Shift in the Marketing of
Leisure Services in the USA /2008\.'' Leisure Studies, 27:2, 181'205. Retrieved 10'512.
httV://dx.doi.orC/10.1080/02614360801907724
83